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“Paradigms in European studies”

100%
Hetnarowicz J.
Polish Journal of Political Science
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2018
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vol. 4
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issue 3
39-59
EN
The purpose of this paper is to determine, which of the independent scientific disciplines dealing with issues related to the European Union offers the research approach most apt for constructing theories of European integration and whether the basic theoretical paradigms of this discipline are sufficient to construct them. In order to achieve this, the following four perspectives of scientific disciplines have been analysed: political sciences, law, economics and sociology. The results of these considerations indicate that political sciences has the greatest influence on shaping the theories of European integration. Next, in order to the decide, whether the basic theoretical paradigms of political sciences are sufficient to construct theories of European integration, such theories as federalism, functionalism and intergovernmental approach have been analysed. To conclude, it can be said that in the case of federalism and intergovernmental approach – they are, and in the case of functionalism they are not.
2
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Poznawanie prawdy i zdolność przewidywania w naukach przyrodniczych

63%
Grochowska I.
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
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2008
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vol. 6
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issue 1
471-484
EN
Representatives of natural sciences (biologists, physicists, chemists) are scientists who deal with the part of knowledge regarding aspects of natural reality. If we regard natural reality to cosmos we can say that the possibilities of direct research are possible only in a small area. In spite of the limitations of access researchers do not get lost in the chaos of already studied separate images, but the gained experience, together with evolution of human thought create more and more uniform image, despite of numerous missing pieces. Natural reality is complex, complicated and difficult to familiarize. One of the main problems of studying the natural reality is its complexity and variety of dynamic processes which create this reality. Another difficulty is the systematized and uniform terminology and concepts used. In the days of fast developing new disciplines and atomization of science it is almost impossible. Natural reality exists independent of our knowledge of it. However the awareness of the difficulties and limitations in studying it should help in being responsible for the process of acquiring knowledge. Acquiring knowledge should therefore mirror the mechanisms existing in nature, that is why it was necessary to discuss the dynamics of getting to know nature with indication to some definitions of truth and its kinds, as well as various research mistakes. Next to getting to know the things themselves it is important in science to detect and eliminate the mistakes. It is necessary to know the criteria of acknowledging or denying the genuine and false nature of research results, hypothesis or new theories in order to properly acquire knowledge about the natural world and properly communicate the results of studying.
3
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Początki, rozwój i aktualny stan pedagogiki pracy w Polsce Cz. II. Teoretyczne i metodologiczne podstawy pedagogiki pracy

63%
Wiatrowski Z.
Edukacja Ustawiczna Dorosłych
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2013
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issue 1(80)
13-29
EN
The second part of the article describes the theoretical and methodological basis of work pedagogy. The author presented the contribution of the Institute for Vocational Educa-tion into the development of basis of work pedagogy. The significant role has been also played by cyclic seminars All-Poland Seminar of Work Pedagogy, which were a scien-tific school of prof. Tadeusz Nowacki and people from his close circle: Z. Wiatrowskiego, S. Kaczora, K. Czarneckiego in 70s and 80s. The circle of work pedagogy’s authors was extended in 90s by the following professors: Stefan Kwiat-kowski, W. Furmanek, R. Parzęcki, K. Uździcki, E. Malewska, A. Bogaj, J. Niemiec. The author of the article has presented the conferences, scientific seminars and signifi-cant scientific achievements of work pedagogy’s authors. The article includes also the lists of conferences, seminars, publications significant for the development of theoretical and methodological basis of work pedagogy.
4
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On Leon Petrażycki’s contribution to theory and philosophy of law

51%
Woleński J.
Studia Historiae Scientiarum
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2018
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vol. 17
EN
Legal theory was the main field of Leon Petrażycki’s investigations. However, his interests also included philosophy, methodology, psychology and sociology. His views in these fields were non-trivial, not only as far as the cognitive horizon of his time was concerned, but also with regard to the present epoche. Particularly significant is the idea of politics of law, i.e. the investigation and prediction of social effects of legal systems.
PL
Leon Petrażycki był przede wszystkim teoretykiem prawa, jednym z najwybitniejszych w XX w. Wypowiadał się na wiele innych tematów, w szczególności filozoficznych, metodologicznych, psychologicznych i socjologicznych. W każdej z tych dziedzin głosił poglądy niebanalne i warte uwagi, nie tylko w świetle horyzontów poznawczych jego czasów, ale również z dzisiejszego punktu widzenia. Idea polityki prawa, tj. rozważania i przewidywania społecznych skutków prawa, ma szczególną doniosłość.
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