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PL
The article attempts to analyze the role of the Siege of Leningrad in life and works of Olga Bergholz. It is traumatic in the personal plan but at the same time extremely successful, intense and creative period. Thanks to radio broadcasts, Bergholz becomes the voice of the besieged Leningrad, raising the civilians of the city on the Neva, but work in the radio station is also a form of autotherapy. The importance of the siege in the poet’s life is also evident in the postwar period when it comes to claiming the memory of the victims.
EN
There is no denying that the contemporarily revealed truth about the siege of Leningrad is fitted in, citing Dominick LaCapra findings, two coupled terms, i.e. absence and loss. The tension between them concerns not only the witnesses, but also the next generations, which try to recover the memory on behalf of their loved ones. The category of postmemory created by Marianne Hirsch will be employed as a base to the specificity of the reception and presentation of “inherited ex­perience” of the siege by the representatives of third generation. Literary works by Tatyana Tolstaya and her sister Natalia will be analyzed, where, as it turns out, the echoes of the siege sound not accidentally; the background is created by the oeuvre and attitude of their grandmother, Natalia Krandiyevska-Tol­staya. What does this remarkable literary cross-generational relation bring? Is it only an expression of memory, or maybe it is an attempt to confront traumatic events of the past? One thing goes without saying: the presence of the siege in the works of postmemory is a proof of inexhaustibleness, but mostly of not dealing with, not settling up this experience not only in the life of particular families but, most of all, within Russian literature.
RU
В современные исследования блокады Ленинграда вписываются, ссылаясь на труды Доминика ЛаКапра, два параллельных понятия, т.е. отсутствие и утрата. Особенным напряжениям между ними подвергаются не только свидетели, но и следующие поколения пытающихся восстанавливать память о блокаде от имени своих родных. Кроме того, очередной исходной точкой по отношению к специфике приема и представления „перенятого опыта” блокады представителями третьего поколения послужит категория постпамяти Марианны Хирш. Предметом анализа будут произведения Татьяны Толстой и ее сестры Натальи, в которых эхо блокады, как известно, появляется неслучайно, поскольку фон образует творчество и жизненный путь их бабушки, Натальи Крандиевской-Толстой. Что несет с собой этот необыкновенный, литературный, межпоколенческий диалог? Является ли он лишь выражением памяти, или, может быть, это скорее всего попытка конфронтации с травматическим прошлым? Одно не подлежит сомнению присутствие блокадной темы в мемориальных произведениях это свидетельство ее неисчерпаемости, но прежде всего сигнал, что травматический опыт еще недостаточно проработан не только в случае конкретных семей, но и в области современной русской литературы.
DE
Der Band enthält die Abstracts ausschließlich in englischer Sprache.
EN
The present article focuses on the representation of the cultural life during the siege of Leningrad (1941-1944) in Andreï Makine’s eleventh novel. Analysing the portrait of the blockade created by La Vie d’un homme inconnu (2009) in the light of historical works and personal writings, I demonstrate that despite its apparent wish to contest the official version of the blockade Makine ends up endorsing some of the myths established by Soviet propaganda. He thus emphasises the Leningraders’ heroism, altruism and high level of culture, representing the blokadniki as active defenders of the city rather than helpless victims of both the atrocious conditions imposed by the siege and Stalinist terror. Consequently, although the novel may seem to belong to the canon of historiographic metafiction which systematically questions official historiography and gives voice to those excluded from making and writing History, a careful reading of the Franco-Russian author’s eleventh work of fiction reveals its conservative - not to say reactionary - character, even if La Vie d’un homme inconnu may be challenging another dominant discourse regarding the Soviet Union’s role in World War II, namely that forged in the West.
FR
Le numéro contient uniquement les résumés en anglais.
PL
Tom zawiera abstrakty tylko w języku angielskim.
RU
Том не содержит аннотаций на английской языке.
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