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Zróżnicowanie form dopełniacza w nazwach miejscowych typu singulare tantum rodzaju męskiego

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Nobis I.

Onomastica

2015

vol. 59

255-269

This article is devoted to variant forms in the inflection of place names in Poland. I focus my attention on genitive forms of the singular masculine toponyms because it is mainly here that one can see clear variations in the inflection of place names. The basis for the research are historical source materials and contemporary records. Polish is an inflectional language characterized by frequent inflected variants. Over the centuries their frequency is periodically reduced, but the use of other variants also increases. However, they are still current in contemporary Polish. This article contains an analysis of gathered material and conclusions referring to repartition of genitive endings. Various criteria determine the choice of proper inflection in the case of toponyms. I chose the formal criterion. The ending of the root word often influences the choice of the genitive ending. The material shows that singular masculine place names (as well as common nouns) have genitive endings: -a and -u. The most alternations in the selection of the genitive ending are noted in the XVI–XVIII centuries. However, the ending -a is dominant, and also demonstrates a wider expansion in use with regards to the distribution of the endings -a, -u. Within the smaller number of criteria regulating the change of singular masculine toponyms, the inflection is quite regular, in comparison to common words. The appropriate declensional paradigm of a toponym influences the structure of a place name. The choice of inflection of a place name is not based on a semantic criterion - toponyms constitute a separate semantic class: place names. The semantic criterion is extremely important in the case of common nouns. In the case of singular masculine toponyms, the choice of the genitive form does not always depend on rules that apply to common nouns, but quite often inflection of common nouns influences the inflection of place names. However, diversity in the genitive form is characteristic of both common nouns and place names.

Urzędowa i lokalna (gwarowa) odmiana toponimów na przykładzie dopełniacza wybranych nazw miejscowych typu singulare i plurale tantum

100%

Nobis I.

Onomastica

2016

vol. 60

249-271

This article is devoted to the official forms in the inflection of chosen toponyms in Poland and the variety of dialectal singular and plural place names. The variety of place names often diverges from the rules of language use, and causes language users problems. The toponyms have peculiar, locally used inflected forms; the outside-linguistic (non-linguistic) factors that are social and local factors, play an important role in the inflection of place names. The local population often uses other forms than those recommended by official sources. I focus my attention on the genitive forms of toponyms because it is mainly here that one can see clear variations in the official and local inflection of place names. The material shows that the singular masculine toponyms have genitive endings: -a (in theofficial variety), -u (in the local variety), for example Biłgoraj, gen. Biłgoraja, but in the local dialect: biłgoraju. The singular feminine place names have genitive endings: -ej (in the official variety), -y||-i (in the local variety): Brzezowa, gen. Brzezowej, but Brzezowy in the local dialect. The plural toponyms have genitive endings: -ø, -ów, -i (-y), but in the local circulation the ending -ów is dominant and demonstrates a wider expansion in use. For example Brzózki, gen. Brzózek, in the local variety Brzuskuf; Budy, official gen. Bud, but Buduf; Burnie, gen. Burni, in the local dialect: Burniuf. The gathered material reflects a hesitation in the inflection of toponyms, as the linguistic customs and presented dialectal records of forms of genitives of place names show a significantly diverse approach towards the Polish language.

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Zróżnicowanie form dopełniacza w nazwach miejscowych typu singulare tantum rodzaju męskiego

Urzędowa i lokalna (gwarowa) odmiana toponimów na przykładzie dopełniacza wybranych nazw miejscowych typu singulare i plurale tantum