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EN
The Author convinces that the dispute between legal positivism and the natural law theory takes place not only in terms of the philosophy of law, but also within political philosophy. At the end of the twentieth century this dispute within political philosophy took the form of polemics between communitarianism and social contract theories. The models of law characteristic of these two political philosophies turn out to be analogous to the models offered by the natural law theory and legal positivism. The natural law theory is present in the communitarian standpoint, while the legal‑positivist approach is relevant to social contract theories. Parallelism does not obviously stand for identity and therefore there may indeed appear new and original features of these two competing approaches to law.
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Porozumienie społeczne

67%
Zoon Politikon
|
2016
|
issue 7
187-215
PL
Porozumienie społeczne jest oryginalnym dorobkiem europejskiej kultury politycznej. Polski wkład do rozwiązywania poważnych problemów społecznych w bezprzemocowy sposób to dwa kluczowe porozumienia, otwierające i zamykające historię ruchu społecznego Solidarność. Tekst potwierdza tezę o utrzymywaniu przez liderów porozumień wysokiej zdolności do kompromisów, tak ważnej w sytuacji różnic i napięć w wielomilionowym ruchu społecznym, za który brali odpowiedzialność. Mieli wszakże jasność, co do zagrożeń sowiecką interwencją zbrojną i konsekwentnie utrzymywali kurs właściwy dla „samoograniczającej się rewolucji”. Architektura i zasady organizacyjne rozmów Okrągłego Stołu w 1989 roku, szczegółowo opisane w artykule, są tego najlepszą ilustracją.
XX
The social agreement is an original piece of European political culture. Poland’s contribution to resolving serious social problems in a non-violent manner are two key agreements that open and close the history of the Solidarity movement. In the presented article, many observations can be found, confirming the thesis that leaders hold high competences of compromise agreements, so important in the situation of differences and tensions in the multimillion social movement for which they have been responsible. They were, however, clear about the dangers of Soviet military intervention and consistently maintained the course of "self-limiting revolution". The architecture and organizational principles of Round Table talks in 1989, detailed in the article, are the best illustration of the leaders’ competences mentioned above.
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