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1
100%
EN
The article discusses the concept of social economy. In the first part, some essential historical sources of the subject matter are described. The second part deals with the concept of social economy, taking into special consideration its definitional problems, founding values and characteristic principles as well as dilemmas and difficulties connected with its implementation.
EN
The main goal of this article is to describe the activities of Credit Unions as institutions of social economy. The Authors begin from positioning the social economy in a market, where the public sector, private sector and the so-called third sector merge, and describe the social and economic criteria, characterizing operators in the sector of social economy. The article also describes the historical roots of social action of Credit Unions that have survived to this day and are implemented in various areas of social life. Presenting concrete examples of projects and activities of selected institutions of Credit Unions’ movement, the Authors prove the thesis that the social economy fills the gap between public and private sectors, satisfying the needs and implementing these social objectives, which are not, or can not be implemented by the state or the market.
PL
Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest omówienie przykładowego modelu wsparcia podmiotów ekonomii społecznej. Na przykładzie Inkubatora Ekonomii Społecznej w Kluczach przedstawiono zasady tworzenia i wspierania spółdzielni socjalnych. Opisano także uwarunkowania prawne i finansowe podmiotów gospodarki społecznej w Polsce.
EN
The purpose of this article is to describe an exemplary model of social economy subjects support. As illustrated by the Social Business Incubator in Klucze the principles of creating and supporting social cooperatives have been shown. Legal and financial regulations of social economy subjects in Poland have also been described.
EN
The article attempts to determine the position and distinguishing characteristics of mutual insurance companies (MICs) in the social economy. For this purpose, the broader context of the social economy sector in Poland, its distinguishing characteristics, and how it functions are outlined, and the position of MICs in the contemporary model social economy is indicated. The empirical section analyses the social and domestic aspects of MICs as entities in the social economy. The empirical study is qualitative, and subjective elements dominate. The following five aspects of social activity among nine MICs that existed in Poland in 2008 were researched: the structure and the area of social action, the people and organisation, the functioning of the organisation, its needs and problems, opinions and moods concerning the perception of the organisation. As a result, the analysis defines the position and character of MICs in the social economy in Poland.
PL
Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie argumentów stojących za tezą, że inicjatywy ekonomii społecznej niosą za sobą korzyści w wymiarze społeczno-gospodarczym, odczuwalne na poziomie lokalnym oraz regionalnym. Korzyści te zostały omówione poprzez analizę funkcji ekonomii społecznej, rozumianych jako istotne cele, z punktu widzenia regionalnej polityki rozwoju, na przykładzie projektu pn. „Akademia Rozwoju Ekonomii Społecznej”, realizowanego przez Regionalny Ośrodek Polityki Społecznej w Krakowie w województwie małopolskim, w latach 2008-2015. Artykuł omawia sześć funkcji ekonomii społecznej, w tym trzy bezpośrednie, realizowane przez działania podmiotów ekonomii społecznej (PES), czy szerzej – w ramach inicjatyw ekonomii społecznej: 1. Funkcja generowania miejsc pracy i aktywizacji zawodowej osób z grup zagrożonych wykluczeniem społecznym (jobmachine); 2. Funkcja dostarczania usług użyteczności publicznej, w tym usług deficytowych; 3. Funkcja mobilizowania lokalnych przewag konkurencyjnych (prorozwojowa w kontekście działań na rzecz rozwoju lokalnego); oraz trzy, które mają charakter oddziaływania pośredniego i są związane w dużej mierze z wartościami i kulturą organizacyjną podmiotów ekonomii społecznej: 4. Funkcja wzmacniania kapitału społecznego; 5. Funkcja wzmacniania postaw obywatelskich; 6. Funkcja mobilizowania postaw przedsiębiorczych. Artykuł przedstawia, w jaki sposób działania projektu „Akademia Rozwoju Ekonomii Społecznej” przyczyniały się do wzmacniania każdej z wyżej wymienionych funkcji ekonomii społecznej. Projekt miał dualny charakter – z jednej strony przewidywał bezpośrednie, kompleksowe wsparcie dla różnorodnych organizacji, grup, środowisk lokalnych (pełnił funkcję ośrodka wsparcia ekonomii społecznej), z drugiej – zakładał działania strategiczne – przekładające praktyczne doświadczenia i rozwiązania wypracowane w partnerstwie na poziom rozwiązań systemowych na szczeblu wojewódzkim. Działania ROPS w Krakowie były unikalne właśnie ze względu na dysponowanie zarówno wiedzą/doświadczeniem płynącymi z faktu realizowania bezpośredniego wsparcia dla sektora ekonomii społecznej (znajomość tematu ekonomii społecznej „od podszewki”), jak i kompetencjami dotyczącymi projektowania polityk publicznych.
EN
The article presents the arguments for the thesis that social economy initiatives involve lots of benefits in socio-economic dimension at local and regional level. These benefits are discussed in relation to functions of the social economy, understood as important targets in terms of regional development policy on the example of the project "Academy of Social Economy Development" implemented by the Regional Centre for Social Policy in Krakow - Malopolska Region in the years 2008-2015. The article discusses the six functions of the social economy, including three direct functions carried out by social enterprises, or more broadly - in the framework of social economy initiatives: 1. The function of generating jobs and economic activation of people at risk of social exclusion (jobmachine). 2. The delivery of social services. 3. The mobilization of local competitive advantages (pro-development in the context of local development); and three functions, which are indirect impact and are associated largely with the values and organizational culture of social enterprises: 4. The strengthening of social capital. 5. The strengthening of citizenship. 6. The mobilization of entrepreneurial attitudes. The article shows how the “philosophy” and activities of the "Academy of Social Economy Development" project contribute to the strengthening of each mentioned functions. The article presents dual character of the project - on the one hand it provided direct, comprehensive support for a variety of organizations, groups, local communities (Regional Center for Social Policy in Krakow acted as the social economy support center) on the other hand – it implemented strategic solutions – transferred practical knowledge and experience on the regional level of system solutions. This approach was unique because of the possibility to design public policies based on evaluated solution (inside knowledge about social economy). The last but not least – main objective of the project was to plan, test and implement social economy solutions in partnership.
6
63%
EN
The article discusses the concept of the social economy. In the first part, some essential historical sources of the subject matter are described. The second part deals with the concept of social economy, taking into special consideration its definitional problems, founding values and characteristic principles as well as the dilemmas and difficulties connected with its implementation.
EN
In the EU, we are now dealing with a new approach to the social economy and institutionalised support for this sector. Social economy is becoming increasingly important in the European economy and plays an important role as a source of employment and a key local actor working for the well-being of local communities, particularly in the area of social inclusion and employment. In this context, the aim of the paper is to analyse the growing importance of the social enterprise sector in the European Union, in the context of a new concept of socio-economic development. The social economy has proven that its capabilities make for an effective contribution to solving new social problems, and at the same time, has strengthened its position in the traditional sectors of the economy, in particular, with regards to the negative effects of the economic crisis of recent years.
EN
The fundamental question that attempts to be answered in this article is following: To what extend supporting and subsidizing of the development of social economy and social innovation by the Eu­ropean Union and European governments is needed and justified?
Rocznik Lubuski
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2013
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vol. 39
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issue 1
171-181
EN
The paper concerns both research and practical issues. Its aim is to present a new outlook on the economy functions and social entrepreneurship. The novelty in the demonstrated approach lies in the attempt to link the indicated issue with the problem of the situation of contemporary youth. The author seeks answers to the following questions: To what extent and scope can the development of social economy contribute to the improvement of the situation of contemporary youth? What conditions shall be met to make young people see social entrepreneurship as an attractive form of a social and professional activity? What can be the functions of social enterprises in relation to the needs and expectations of different categories of young people? The economic crisis affects young people in a particular way, hence the attempts to search new ways of preventing and solving their problems. Findings in the field of sociology, social politics, social psychology and other scientific disciplines are the basis for the analysis presented in this article. The author’s main task is to determine the area of analysis and activities concerning the relations between social economy and the situation of contemporary youth. The article consists of five parts which discuss the following issues: (1) a deficit of knowledge regarding the relation: social economy – the youth; (2) features of social economy from the point of view of young people; (3) limitations and weaknesses of social economy: (4) the specificity of the situation of contemporary youth; (5) social economy functions in relation to youth.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy w równym stopniu kwestii badawczych jak i praktycznych. Jego celem jest prezentacja nowego spojrzenia na funkcje gospodarki i przedsiębiorczości społecznej. Nowość prezentowanego ujęcia polega na próbie powiązania wskazanej problematyki z zagadnieniem sytuacji współczesnej młodzieży. Autor poszukuje dopowiedzi na następujące pytania: W jakim stopniu i zakresie rozwój gospodarki społecznej może przyczynić się do poprawy sytuacji współczesnej młodzieży? Jakie warunki powinny być spełnione, by przedsiębiorczość społeczna była postrzegana przez młodych ludzi jako atrakcyjna forma aktywności społecznej i zawodowej? Jakie funkcje mogą pełnić przedsiębiorstwa społeczne w odniesieniu do potrzeb i oczekiwań poszczególnych kategorii młodych ludzi? Kryzys ekonomiczny w szczególny sposób dotyka ludzi młodych, stąd próby poszukiwania nowych sposobów zapobiegania i rozwiązywania ich problemów. Podstawą prezentowanych w artykule analiz są ustalenia z zakresu socjologii, polityki społecznej, psychologii społecznej i innych dyscyplin naukowych. Zasadniczym zadaniem, jakie stawia sobie autor, jest określenie pola analiz i działań dotyczących relacji między gospodarką społeczną a sytuacją współczesnej młodzieży. Artykuł składa się z pięciu części, w których zostały omówione następujące zagadnienia: (1) Deficyt wiedzy na temat relacji gospodarka społeczna - młodzież; (2) Walory gospodarki społecznej z punktu widzenia ludzi młodych; (3) Ograniczenia i słabości gospodarki społecznej; (4) Specyfika sytuacji współczesnej młodzieży; (5) Funkcje gospodarki społecznej w odniesieniu do młodzieży.
EN
The paper The Meaning of Education for Development Strategies of Social Economy Enterprises Focuses on education as significant support for social economy. It enables education of stakeholders of this socio-economic activity. The paper outlines the proposed directions of creating the education process, conscious effect on social communities through dissemination of the axiology of social economy and equipping the stakeholders with definite competences. It also discusses the project of the National Programme of Social Economy Development with regard to education activities which are to support development strategy of social economy in Poland.
EN
The article presents results of a systematic literature review concerning measurement of the social impact of social economy entities and social enterprises. The query mainly covered leading Polish databases of scientific journals and publications as well as electronic university repositories. 463 texts were identified, 34 were included in the review. The article presents definition issues regarding social impact and the reasons indicating the necessity of measuring it. Social impact measurement methods most frequently proposed in the literature are also shortly presented: Prove and Improve, Social Audit (SA), Social Return on Investment (SROI), Local Multiplier (LM3), Balanced Scorecard (BSC), ESometr.
EN
Social security and social entrepreneurship are subject to special attention from the European Commission (EC), particularly in recent years. This is due to their potential to find solutions to society’s problems related to the creation of sustainable jobs, facilitating social and occupational integration, provision of social services and improving the quality of life, including the fight against poverty and social exclusion. The current paper analyses the main strategic and policy documents supporting social security and social entrepreneurship development in Bulgaria.
EN
In this paper the author attempts to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the democratic model of business management on the example of social cooperatives. It is based on own research conducted in this type of organization in the Lodz region. The analyzes identified a number of benefits of democratization of the company as particular commitment and competence development of employees of such organizations. The study also highlights the risk of conflict situations in social cooperatives, which in extreme cases can lead to the breakdown of the company.
EN
Social economy entities fulfil an essential social function in bringing about the activation of people and environments confronting difficult living situations. The social economy sector includes cooperatives, social organisations, foundations and organisations and businesses that subordinate financial goals to social ones but that have at their disposal both repayable and non-repayable sources of funding. Of the latter, income from sales and subsidies are a predominant form available to social organisations to become established and to foundations and organisations to cover their current operational costs. It is social organisations that have the most difficulty using sources of funding that must be repaid. This can be attributed to their legal status, which renders them unlike enterprises or non-governmental organisations and prevents them from being able to use the support measures available to micro, small, and medium-size enterprises or non-governmental organisations. At the same time, their usually weak financial condition is compounded by the lack of opportunities to take advantage of measures available in the banking sector.
15
Content available remote

Usytuowanie przedsiębiorstwa społecznego w gospodarce

51%
EN
The article presents: a concept of a social enterprise from the European and American perspective; interpretational misunderstandings connected with equating a social enterprise only with the social aims of its functioning; a lack of social enterprise criteria fulfillment by thousands of non-profit organizations, foundations and associations in the Polish social and economic reality; the position of a social enterprise in the humanizing theory of business. The article also attempts to position a social enterprise in the theory of confirmation and to find there a place for it from the point of view of the European interpretation as well as the American one. It starts a discussion about the research into social enterprises carried out by the authors.
PL
Celem pracy jest analiza ram prawnych oraz aspektów ekonomicznych udziału organizacji pozarządowych w rozwoju ekonomii społecznej. Artykuł wyjaśnia podstawowe zagadnienia zwią-zane z partycypacją organizacji pozarządowych, w tym pojęcie ekonomii społecznej, definicję organizacji pozarządowej oraz treść zasady subsydiarności. W ramach analiz prawnych stwierdza się, że prawo udziału organizacji pozarządowych w rozwoju ekonomii społecznej zagwarantowane jest w normach prawnych zawartych w ustawie z roku 2009 o finansach publicznych Zasadniczy charakter tych norm, a w szczególności art. 43 ustawy o finansach publicznych nie budzi wątpliwości, ze względu na jej umiejscowienie wśród regulacji istotnych dla organizacji finansów publicznych. W artykule podkreśla się, że zaangażowanie organizacji pozarządowych pozwala rozwinąć się lokalnym inicjatywom i stwarzać warunki rozwoju społeczeństwa obywatelskiego. Istnienie ekonomii społecznej przyczynia się z kolei do budowy sieci relacji kapitału zaufania społecznego. W opracowaniu zwrócono uwagę na potrzebę ustawowego włączenia wdrażania ekonomii społecznej do sfery zadań publicznych realizowanych przez organy administracji publicznych, w szczególności jednostek samorządu terytorialnego. Takie rozwiązanie pozwoli na większy udział podmiotów trzeciego sektora w tym obszarze. Należy przyjąć, że efektywne wdrożenie zasad ekonomii społecznej przez organizacje pozarządowe zależy od współdziałania z administra-cją publiczną, a ta podejmuje określone działania jedynie w oparciu o określoną podstawę prawną.
EN
The objective of the thesis is the analysis of legal frames and economical aspects of the in-volvement of the non-governmental organisations in the development of social economy. The article explains basic issues connected with the participation of the NGOs, including the concept of social economy, definition of a non-governmental organisation and the contents of the principle of the subsidiarity. Within the legal boundaries, it is stated that the right of the NGOs to participate in the devel-opment of social economy is guaranteed in the legal standards included in the act on public finances from 2009. The basic character of the standards, especially paragraph 43 of the act on public finance leaves no doubts as it is placed among regulations vital for the public finance organizations. In the article it is emphasised that the involvement of the non-governmental organisations al-lows local initiatives to develop and create conditions for the development of the civil society. The existence of social economy, on the other hand, contributes to building a network of relations and to building the capital of social trust. In the work, the attention is drawn to the need of legal inclusion of introduction of social economy to the area of public tasks realised by public authorities, especially the units of the local governments. Such a solution will allow to increase the participation of the subjects of the third sector in this area. It needs to be assumed that the effective introduction of social economy princi-ples by the NGOs depends on co-operation with public administration, which undertakes certain actions only based on a certain legal basis.
EN
The functioning of hospice institutions may be considered based on three fundamental, functions accomplished by it, i.e. existential, social and economic ones. Holistic evaluation of hospice care requires taking into account actual and potential advantages, possible to achieve both through society represented by all citizens, and through the economy. The article has a survey character – the literature is based on critical analysis within the scope ofthe subject raised. The work was made rich from two-year own experience of volunteer work. For the purpose of realization of the subject raised, empirical examinations were also conducted based on the method of shadow prices and logical matrix. In this paper, the implementation of the function of an existential volunteer hospice is considered on the basis of its ability to alleviate the suffering of patients’ mental and spiritual capacity and give them practical help by volunteers. The usefulness of hospices, which is a part of their social function, was studied by considering the point of existence and functioning of palliative and long-term care centres. In order to define the economic function of a voluntary service, micro and macroeconomic types of analysis were used. One should, however, emphasise that these examinations should have an interdisciplinary character.
EN
Aniela Godecka was a co-founder of non-habit Congregation of Little Sisters of Mary Immaculate an active initiator of actions connected with social economy amongst the contemporary factory population. For Aniela Godecka in the sphere of the social economy above all a penetrating analysis and a correct identification of needs of social, professional and economic women were a base of her effective news. Growing disproportions and divisions of the society and the reaction to exclude larger groups from the mainstream of the social life became the base of distinguishing principal areas of Godecka’s activity: service delivery for the society, educational activity, social welfare and health care. Socio-economic transformations taking place throughout the centuries have had a significant impact on the perception of femininity and shaping social mentality. It can therefore pose the question: Whether and to what extent the potential of historical experience Godecka can be used by women 21st century? Godecka’s activity can constitute the inspiration for women living in the 21st century. Aniela Godecka’ experience constitutes the incentive for contemporary women to take part in socio-economic integration, to propagate behaviours and enterprising attitudes and the behaviours in accordance with accepted system of values.
EN
Due to the growing interest in the field of social economy and the increasing popularity of social entrepreneurship, these areas of theoretical knowledge and economical practice are constantly a subject of new analyses. The dominant classification of social enterprises is the division into the old and new social economy. These propositions do not cover all existing forms of social enterprises in Poland. The aim of the article is to present an alternative proposal of division in social economy focused on the social functions of its entities – social enterprises. The proposed solution serves to fulfil the dominant discourse of the social economy in new ways of thinking about the reasons and motivations connected with creating social enterprises. The proposed Matrix of social enterprises creates a possibility to describe (and understand better) the manifestations of this social and economic phenomenon. The presented conclusions were considered in the light of Piotr Sztompka’s social capital theory and the theory of social cost.
Pieniądze i Więź
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2011
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vol. 14
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issue 4(53)
76-86
EN
The Author presents a specific sector of NGOs, not-for-profit organizations, its needs and possible directions of cooperation with Credit Unions.
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