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EN
We examine the relationships between coaching practices, psychological contract fulfillment and the impact it has on satisfaction and in-role behavior of student-athletes. We surveyed a total of 183 student-athletes in Canada. Utilizing Partial Least Squares path modeling algorithm, the results confirm that the extent of psychological contract fulfillment is positively related to satisfaction and role-behavior. In addition, practices of compensation, information sharing, and security (i.e. ensuring continuation of position on the team) are related to fulfillment of psychological contracts. However, the data does not provide support for the idea that training is related to the fulfillment of psychological contracts. The results suggest that universities can manage students-athletes’ expectations by institutionalizing coaching practices that signal commitments for compensation, information sharing, and provide assurance of position on the team. Such practices have potential to improve the athlete’s performance.
EN
This article begins the cycle of portraits of the members of the Editorial Board and Editorial Advisory Board of the journal Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research, who are eminent social scientists researching the issue of sport. Among them, there are many world-class professors, rectors and deans of excellent universities, founders, presidents and secretaries-general of continental and international scientific societies and editors of high-scoring journals related to social sciences focusing on sport. The journal Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research started its activities in 2008 and gathered many readers, distinguished authors and outstanding reviewers. It is worth taking a moment to present the profiles of the individual editors, thanks to whom the journal keeps getting better and better. The journal is increasingly appreciated internationally particular among the scientists from the humanist and social areas of investigations. The rapidly increasing number of its readers and its surprisingly wide reception, indicated by the number of visits and downloads in English-speaking countries, including hundreds of universities (up to 791 were interested in the content of issue 62 of our magazine), research institutes and related libraries, as well as academics, researchers and students, should be celebrated. These data are derived only from one bibliographic data base (EBSCO). It must be noted that the journal is indexed in 43 bases. Portraits presenting the journal’s editors include, among others, their most important professional, organizational and scientific achievements. Each subsequent issue of PCSSR will include one such portrait. We shall begin with the portrait of Professor Jerzy Kosiewicz, Ph.D., who is the Editor-in-Chief of the journal.
EN
This paper outlines the process of developing an instrument for measuring the sense of inequity at work. The research tool we created enables the evaluation of work satisfaction, in the meaning of J.S. Adams's theory. In order to elaborate the method and make a preliminary selection of questions, we conducted a pilot study. As for the main research, it was to examine the theoretical accuracy and to prove the reliability of the questionnaire.
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EN
This paper explores J. S. Adams’ inequity theory. It discusses fundamental concepts, the definition of the sense of equity and inequity, possible consequences and methods of coping with them. It elaborates on the problems connected with measurement methods used to evaluate the sense of inequity as well as possible practical applications of the theory. The paper comprises also a review of the most important research in the field.
EN
Purpose: Gratitude is an interdisciplinary concept frequently explored in positive psychology, which recognizes gratitude as one of the seven transcendent character forces that promote well-being and life satisfaction. The purpose of the conducted research was to develop the concept of gratitude toward the organization and prepare a tool to study this phenomenon. Methods: The study was cross-sectional. Participants were 802 employees from various organizations. Results: The Gratitude Toward the Organization Scale has a good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α was 0.91). Factor analysis confirmed the two-factor structure of this tool. The dimensions of gratitude toward the organization are distinguished as: (1) gratitude as a commitment to reciprocity and (2) gratitude as a moral norm. The construct validity of this measure was confirmed. Gratitude toward the organization correlated positively with job satisfaction, affective commitment to the organization, organizational justice, and perceived organizational and supervisor support, while being negatively correlated with intent to leave the organization. Conclusions: The obtained results confirm very good psychometric properties of the Gratitude Toward the Organization Scale as a valid and reliable measure for studying the gratitude of employees, which can be successfully used by researchers in Poland.
XX
The paper explores the potential of a newly created questionnaire for measuring non-patological dependency in intimate partner relationships. Dependency is defined by the extent in which seven key resources are available thanks to a relationship with concrete partner. The resources cover finance, love and caring, sex, respect, social status, information and services and support in stressful events. Individual dependency, as well as its distribution in couples were measured in Czech pilot study in 2018 (n = 99, including 41 pairs). The results indicate good psychometric qualities of the questionnaire. It is suggested that the tool could be used for empirical verification of the theoretically expected association between dependency on resources in relationship and intimate partner violence.
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PL
Zaufanie to fundament społeczeństwa. Ale zaufanie społeczne to także ważny element konstruktywnego dialogu społecznego. Jako istotny jest więc poziom społecznego zaufania deklarowanego przez Polaków. Im większe zaufanie, tym większa skłonność do podjęcia społecznej rozmowy. Polacy najwyższy poziom zaufania deklarują w stosunku do najbliższej rodziny i przyjaciół. Preferują więc sferę życia prywatnego. Tym samym unikają, a wręcz izolują się od życia publicznego. Stąd niski poziom deklarowanego przez Polaków zaufania do instytucji politycznych i polityków. W życiu publicznym najwyższym zaufaniem obdarzają Polacy instytucje i organizacje charytatywne, a przede wszystkim Wielką Orkiestrę Świątecznej Pomocy. Z poziomem społecznego zaufania kojarzy się idea społecznego dialogu, który można analizować w oparciu o koncepcje socjologii dramaturgicznej. Można więc przyjąć, że w dialogu najważniejsi są aktorzy, ale także scena, kulisy i wszelkie rekwizyty. Ważne są także jasne drogi przekazu i komunikacji. Niestety, dialog społeczny natrafia na wszelkie przeszkody, w tym brak zaufania aktorów dialogu, niskie kompetencje cywilizacyjne i kulturowe oraz poziom wykształcenia i tolerancję wobec inności.
EN
Confidence is the foundation of society. But social confidence is a very important element of a good social dialogue too. The level of social confidence declared by the Poles seems to be of relevance. Thus, the greater confidence is, the greater inclination towards entering into a social dialogue. The Poles declare to have the highest confidence in family and friends. They prefer private life and tend to isolate from the public one. Hence they declare low confidence in political institutions and politicians. In the public life, the Poles have the greatest confidence in charities and such public benefit organizations as, in particular, the Great Orchestra of Christmas Charity. The idea of social dialogue, often associated with the level of social confidence, can be analyzed with reference to the concept of dramaturgical sociology. We can assume that the most significant in any dialogue are the actors and also the stage, backstage and props. The channel of communication is of great importance as well. Unfortunately, social dialogue often comes across such obstacles as, for example, lack of confidence between the actors of the dialogue, low civilization and cultural competence as well as educational competence and the level of tolerance towards anything different.
EN
Humanizing the punitive justice system includes help in direct understanding and the process of learning a person to change the dependence and dependence in the state of self-organization and personal control of their lives. Aid interactions should not be an obstacle to individual development of the individual and the release of the dynamism of self-assertion. In the process of learning, one must respect the possibilities and dignity of a person, because then the individual who meets with respect regains personalist value and can voluntarily recognize the need to improve his situation. Adaptation should be based on a definite system of norms and values of the whole social society, setting out specific goals and life plans that could be implemented and implemented by a former prisoner in a living environment together with a guardian.
PL
Humanizowanie systemu sprawiedliwości karzącej obejmuje pomoc w bezpośrednim rozumieniu oraz proces uczenia człowieka, aby zmienić zależność i niesamodzielność w stan samoorganizowania i osobistego kierowania swoim życiem. Oddziaływania pomocowe nie powinny być przeszkodą do indywidualnego rozwoju jednostki i wyzwolenia dynamizmu samopotwierdzenia. W procesie uczenia zaś należy uszanować możliwości i godność człowieka, gdyż wówczas jednostka, która spotyka się z szacunkiem odzyskuje wartość personalistyczną i może dobrowolnie uznać konieczność poprawy swojej sytuacji. Przystosowanie się winno być oparte na określonym systemie norm i wartości całego ogółu społecznego, wytyczającym określone cele i plany życiowe, które wraz z opiekunem mógłby wdrażać i realizować były więzień w środowisku życia.
PL
Humanizowanie systemu sprawiedliwości karzącej obejmuje pomoc w bezpośrednim rozumieniu oraz proces uczenia człowieka, aby zmienić zależność i niesamodzielność w stan samoorganizowania i osobistego kierowania swoim życiem. Oddziaływania pomocowe nie powinny być przeszkodą do indywidualnego rozwoju jednostki i wyzwolenia dynamizmu samopotwierdzenia. W procesie uczenia zaś należy uszanować możliwości i godność człowieka, gdyż wówczas jednostka, która spotyka się z szacunkiem odzyskuje wartość personalistyczną i może dobrowolnie uznać konieczność poprawy swojej sytuacji. Przystosowanie się winno być oparte na określonym systemie norm i wartości całego ogółu społecznego, wytyczającym określone cele i plany życiowe, które wraz z opiekunem mógłby wdrażać i realizować były więzień w środowisku życia.
EN
Humanizing the punitive justice system includes help in direct understanding and the process of learning a person to change the dependence and dependence in the state of self-organization and personal control of their lives. Aid interactions should not be an obstacle to individual development of the individual and the release of the dynamism of self-assertion. In the process of learning, one must respect the possibilities and dignity of a person, because then the individual who meets with respect regains personalist value and can voluntarily recognize the need to improve his situation. Adaptation should be based on a definite system of norms and values of the whole social society, setting out specific goals and life plans that could be implemented and implemented by a former prisoner in a living environment together with a guardian.
PL
Recently, it has been noticed that the problems of specific specializations in the field of special education overlap or go far beyond the area of a given sub-discipline. The article addresses issues related to outlining the main problems that we may encounter in the area of pedagogy, and which are crucial for the lives of people with chronic illness in various areas of their functioning. They are: body traits – their importance in building identity in the situation of experiencing a chronic disease; coping with loss in a chronic disease situation; matching in contact with a person with a chronic illness and participation in social exchange.
EN
Recently, it has been noticed that the problems of specific specializations in the field of special education overlap or go far beyond the area of a given sub-discipline. The article addresses issues related to outlining the main problems that we may encounter in the area of pedagogy, and which are crucial for the lives of people with chronic illness in various areas of their functioning. They are: body traits – their importance in building identity in the situation of experiencing a chronic disease; coping with loss in a chronic disease situation; matching in contact with a person with a chronic illness and participation in social exchange.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
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2019
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vol. 63
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issue 3
271-282
EN
In reference to Anna Śliz’s book Wielokulturowość: stygmat współczesnego świata? Próba analizy socjologicznej [Multiculturalism: The Stigma of the Modern World? An Attempt at a Sociological Analysis], the subject of this article is multiculturalism as a phenomenon, a political project, and a real kind of existing society (multiculturalism is not the same as interculturalism or transculturalism). In the discourse on multiculturalism, many specifi c questions arise: the inevitability of the  phenomenon and its genesis; the beginnings and bases of multiculturalism as a political project and its challenges; the reality of multicultural societies - from affirmation to contestation. Model discourse over multiculturalism is confronted with a range of remarks, commentaries, and questions about its fundamental significance, for example, about the potential for realizing the idea of multiculturalism in Europe, and whether Australia and Canada are now definitely multicultural societies.
EN
As defined, bedwetting, also called nocturnal enuresis, is involuntary urination while asleep after the age at which bladder control usually begins. It is widely regarded as the most common urology problem of childhood and early adolescence, which can have a serious detrimental effect on the child’s health, emotional well-being, intellectual development and social functioning. At the beginning of the article the authoress presents general characteristics of nocturnal enuresis. Then she analyses a number of posts published on the Internet discussion forums dedicated to bedwetting. The posts are usually written by the relatives of enuretic children. The authoress of the article is interested both in form and content of the texts, and takes an interpretivist approach. As a whole, her empirical research leads to the conclusion that bedwetting in children is perceived by many internauts as critical life event. At the same time, they take an offensive and proactive attitude towards it. Discussing on the cyber forums plays an important role in their struggling or succeeding, because it helps them sharing information, up-to-date knowledge and moral support in the face of life difficulties.
PL
Moczenie nocne, inaczej enureza, jest powszechnie definiowane jako mimowolne oddawanie moczu podczas snu przez dziecko, które – pomimo wieku – nie opanowało jeszcze umiejętności kontroli mikcji. Uważa się je za najczęstszy problem urologiczny okresu dzieciństwa i wczesnej adolescencji, wpływający na wiele obszarów funkcjonowania dotkniętej nim osoby, a więc na jej zdrowie somatyczne, rozwój poznawczy, społeczny i emocjonalny. Na początku artykułu autorka przedstawia ogólną charakterystykę moczenia nocnego – w aspekcie medycznym i egzystencjalnym. Następnie poddaje oglądowi wypowiedzi opublikowane na internetowych forach dyskusyjnych, poświęconych enurezie. Ich twórcami są najczęściej dorośli członkowie rodzin moczących się dzieci. Przedmiotem zainteresowania autorki jest zarówno forma, jak i treść owych przekazów. Obrana przez nią metoda badawcza jest w literaturze przedmiotu określana jako interpretacyjna lub rozumiejąca. Dokonana analiza prowadzi do wniosku, że doświadczenie moczenia nocnego u dziecka jest przez internautów ujmowane w charakterze krytycznego wydarzenia życiowego. Jednocześnie przybierają oni wobec niego postawę ofensywną i proaktywną. Ich obecność na cyberforach odgrywa ważną rolę w procesie radzenia sobie z kryzysem: sprzyja wymianie wiedzy, informacji oraz stanowi źródło podtrzymania w obliczu życiowej trudności.
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