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EN
The aim of this paper is to extract and describe recent social initiatives in food consumption and distribution in Poland and indicate their characteristics related to sustainable consumption, sharing economy and collaborative consumption and to indicate the processes, mechanisms and future development options. Food is among areas that seem to adapt to those ideas more easily which means that individual consumers seem to see value in behaving in a more responsible way. In Poland, social awareness is rather limited and responsible behavior happens on a minor scale for the moment, but more international research shows the great potential of sharing economy. Food is being wasted therefore it constitutes a good ground for changing consumption habits. The paper presents four chosen social initiatives in Poland that refer to a sustainable consumption philosophy and collaborative consumption. Those mini case studies are backed by a thorough analysis of relevant literature, theme contents on websites, and results of secondary research studies dedicated to the issues discussed in the paper. Due to the qualitative character of the study, it shall be followed by more quantitative research to allow for more general insights and conclusions.
EN
In the urban space we can see less and less elements of animate and inanimate nature. The dominance of skyscrapers, office buildings, and large-scale shopping malls contributes to limiting the development of children and adults in the natural environment. Limited green areas, prevent contact with the ecosystem. The remaining few Family Allotment Gardens located for example in Warsaw, as well as the establishment of community gardens on the initiative of local residents, can be a form of creating social bonds and an ecological awareness. Through this kind of participation for environmental protection, we can educate children, youth and adults about the need to raise the level of environmental issues. The article presents qualitative research consisting of the analysis of documents concerning local initiatives disseminated in the mass media and on the websites of local, non-governmental bodies. Not every person is looking for such information, so not everyone understands the need to preserve green areas and the possibility of integration and popularization of knowledge in the field of environmental protection. The article will also present the works of The Maria Grzegorzewska University students who were to design a garden located at educational institutions. Ideas of students will be presented in the photographs. The subject matter is undoubtedly necessary to show among educators the relationship between the city – the individual – society, for example upbringing in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. Teaching about ecology at the Maria Grzegorzewska University at the department of Education for Sustainable Development may be an example combining pedagogy with ecology, as part of the APS Jubilee celebrations.
EN
The aim of the research was to recognise the correlation between economic and social activeness and the local development level of semi-urban and rural gminas in Mazovieckie Voivodeship. The analysis shows that demography and the condition of infrastructure are strongly correlated to economic activeness, the number of businesses and the unemployment rate. On the other hand, social determinants (the number of NGOs, electoral turnout or the local government’s predispositions) also play a role. About 70% of both semi-urban and rural gminas remained in the 1st Classes of the G-ranking and in the SA-ranking at the same time. For the 1st Classes of the G-ranking and EA-ranking this participation was even higher – from 80% for rural units to almost 90% for semi-urban gminas. Being located in close proximity to a city is an important growth stimulant for suburban gminas. More than 80% of highly developed units in the G-ranking were located in the Warsaw Metropolitan Area. Furthermore, there were no suburban gminas near the capital in the lowest development group. A low level of both economic and social activeness characterized only rural peripheral gminas.
EN
The article analyses the educational ideas and social initiatives of the period of autonomy in Galicia, revealing several important elements. Two aspects should be pointed out by taking into account the rationale of the social principles of the Catholic Church, for which the impetus was provided by Leo XIII’s encyclical Rerum novarum, The focus on ‘catholicity’ shaping an identity for a reborn nation does not have a universalist dimension for a pluralistic society. The socio-political situation only partially justifies this approach. The social work undertaken by the clergy and those associated with the Catholic Church has made it possible to rebuild trust in the Church.
PL
Przeprowadzona w artykule analiza idei wychowawczych i inicjatyw społecznych Galicji okresu autonomii ujawnia kilka istotnych elementów. Biorąc pod uwagę podstawy uzasadnienia oparte na zasadach społecznych Kościoła katolickiego, dla których impulsem była między innymi encyklika Leona XIII Rerum novarum, należy wskazać na dwa aspekty. Ukierunkowanie na „katolickość” kształtującą tożsamość dla odradzającego się narodu nie ma wymiaru uniwersalistycznego dla społeczeństwa pluralistycznego. Sytuacja społeczno-polityczna tylko częściowo uzasadnia takie podejście. Podjęta przez duchownych i osoby związane z Kościołem katolickim praca społeczna pozwoliła na odbudowanie zaufania do tegoż Kościoła.
EN
After the defeat of the January Uprising, during the period of increased of Russification policy, the partitioning authorities were not very much involved in the development of various areas of social life in the Kingdom of Poland. This statement also applies to the involvement of foreign authorities in the development of medical care for the inhabitants of the provinces of the Kingdom of Poland. Therefore, all extremly initiatives to support healthcare and people in need of help have become extremely important. Social forms of support for medical care on the example of the Płock Governorate in the second half of the 19th century became the research goal of Dr. Marta Milewska. Through the analysis of source materials of various provenance and by using a literature on the subject, she prepared a monograph expanding the current state of historiography in the field of the regional history of Płock and the surrounding area. However, this work will also be useful for comparative research.
PL
Po klęsce powstania styczniowego w okresie wzmożonej polityki rusyfikacyjnej władze zaborcze niezbyt mocno angażowały się w rozwój różnych dziedzin życia społecznego w Królestwie Polskim. Konstatacja ta dotyczy także angażowania się przez obcą władzę w rozwój opieki medycznej mieszkańców prowincji Królestwa Polskiego. Dlatego też niezmiernie istotne stały się wszelkie inicjatywy podejmowane oddolnie celem wsparcia opieki zdrowotnej i osób potrzebujących pomocy. Społeczne formy wsparcia opieki medycznej na przykładzie guberni płockiej w drugiej połowie XIX stulecia stały się celem badawczym dr Marty Milewskiej. Poprzez analizę materiałów źródłowych różnej proweniencji i wykorzystanie literatury przedmiotu przygotowała ona monografię poszerzającą dotychczasowy stan historiografii w zakresie historii regionalnej Płocka i okolic. Praca ta będzie jednak przydatna także do badań o charakterze komparatystycznym.
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