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Jazykové zákony v Katalánsku a jejich vliv na zlepšení postavení katalánštiny ve společnosti

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Kadlec J.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2018
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vol. 100
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issue 2
250-262
EN
This paper introduces Catalonia, an autonomous community of Spain, located on the north-eastern extremity of the Iberian Peninsula. The focus is partly on the demography and the linguistic situation of this territory, but primarily on its linguistic politics and language legislation. Catalonia has established a number of language policies, comprising a very complex and ambitious set of Catalan language legislation. As a result of these language policies, which provide support and subsidies, Catalan has become the language of the public administration of Catalonia.
2
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Valonština v Belgii

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Brodinová A.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2017
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vol. 99
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issue 2
279-287
EN
Walloon is a Romance language, closely related to French. The two languages have existed in close proximity for centuries and have influenced one another. Especially since the beginning of the 20th century, Walloon has been oppressed by the more dominant language. That is one of the reasons why it is gradually dying out. This article describes Walloon and its evolution, characteristics of the language, its literature, and current activities promoting its survival. Research work undertaken in this area is also presented, with particular reference to investigations accomplished in 2011/2012 by means of the questionnaire method. The questionnaire focused on Walloon interlocutors, on the Walloon background, generational transmission, presence of the language in the respondents’ everyday life, on their attitude to the language and the mutual interference of Walloon and French. The findings of the research work confirm the following hypotheses. Walloon is spoken most frequently by older men living in the countryside. The language is not transmitted from generation to generation. These facts are common to the majority of regional languages.
3
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O jazycích v roli lingua franca (se zvláštním zřetelem k angličtině)

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Sherman T.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2013
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vol. 95
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issue 2
129-140
EN
This article examines the concept of English as a lingua franca (ELF) in the context of lingua franca communication in general, with special emphasis on the contemporary Czech context. It begins by elaborating upon the context of World Englishes, on the basis of which ELF has become the subject of scholarly inquiry. Using examples from recent research, it then provides a brief analysis of the issues which arise in connection with the discussion of ELF in the Czech Republic: 1) the sociolinguistic situation of English in the Czech Republic, and 2) the connection between languages in the role of a lingua franca and metalinguistic behaviour, norms and expectations. It concludes by arguing that the phenomenon of lingua franca communication is a more general one, even applicable to languages such as Czech, and that the description of lingua franca interaction and its utilization in language planning (specifically acquisition planning) should be based on the relevant sociolinguistic theory.
4
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Jazyková situace a současné postavení kreolštiny na Kapverdských ostrovech

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Kadlec J.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2023
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vol. 105
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issue 2
263-273
EN
The article describes and analyses the linguistic situation and current status of Creole in the Cape Verde Islands. The focus is partly on the demography and the history, but mainly on the linguistic politics of this territory and the position of Creole in Cape Verdean society. Creole is the mother tongue of practically the entire Cape Verdean population and the language is used in all informal oral and written communication. The majority of the local population wish Creole to be used in schools and in formal written communication, desiring that the country will move definitively from diglossia to bilingualism.
5
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Socioonomastika - lze ji vymezit jako samostatnou disciplínu?

99%
Rausová J.
Onomastica
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2017
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vol. 61
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issue 1
281-293
EN
This study is focused on scholarship on proper names within a sociolinguistic framework. The main aim of this study is to clarify the term socio-onomastics and its meaning and usage with regards to toponomastics. Special attention is paid to the genesis of socio-onomastics and to the relations between sociolinguistics, onomastics and socio-onomastics. The influence of social aspects on the act of naming and on the entire existence of names is also taken into consideration when discussing the use of socio-onomastics. The text discusses views and attitudes towards the topic presented in linguistic literature. The socio-onomastic aspects are predominantly studied in scholarship on personal names, e.g. name creation and choice. In the case of place names, they are studied more rarely and the research pays attention mostly to the usage of place names in communication. Available toponomastic and anthroponomastic works using the term socio-onomastics in their description have been analyzed, as well as theoretical onomastic literature, producing several findings of differences in the usage of this term. The main topics of socio-antroponomastic literature are anthroponymy of various social groups, social aspects of name choice, social aspects of the development of naming systems, popularity of names, nicknames, hypocorisms and slang naming. The socio-toponomastic works mainly deal with the toponymy of various social groups, toponymic competence (knowledge and usage of toponyms), non-standardized toponyms, slang toponyms, social-based toponyms (commemorative toponyms), social-based renaming, and the linguistic landscape.
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Javni natpisi i javne obavijesti kao sociokulturne i pragmatičke jedinice

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Pintarić N.
Socjolingwistyka
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2014
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issue 28
67-92
HR
Nakon određivanja definicije i termina javni natpis autorica provodi klasifikaciju verbalnih, neverbalnih i kombiniranih oblika javih natpisa i javnih obavijesti navodeći primjere u hrvatskoj i poljskoj sociokulturnoj zajednici. Predlaže se da se u javne natpise ubroje pisani jezični oblici, a da se ostali neverbalni i kombinirani oblici nazovu javnim obavijestima ili javnim informacijama. Brojni opisani oblici javnih natpisa razlikuju se po materijalnom ostvaraju: na metalu, papiru, platnu, u kamenu, na automobilima, zidovima, ljudima, na internetu. Kao tekstne vrste javni su natpisi minimalni komunikacijski žanrovi (savjeti, upozorenja, molbe, zahvale, naredbe, dopuštenja, želje i čestitke). Neverbalne javne obavijesti podijeljene su na vizualne, auditivne i kombinirane (opisuju se prometni znakovi realizirani bojom, svjetlosnim signalima, pozicijom, brojevima te ostale informacije izražene logotipom, ukrasima na tijelu, ljudima-spomenicima, gardom, maskama). Auditivne su javne obavijesti: sirene, crkvena zvona, razni oblici pucnjeva (grički top, počasni plotuni) te glazbeni znakovi (intoniranje himni, koračnice, limena glazba).
PL
Po sprecyzowaniu definicji oraz terminu zawiadomienie publiczne autorka przeprowadza klasyfikację werbalnych, niewerbalnych i kombinowanych form zawiadomień publicznych, przywołując przykłady zaczerpnięte z wspólnot społeczno-kulturowych chorwackiej i polskiej. Proponuje, by do zawiadomień publicznych zaliczyć językowe formy werbalne, natomiast pozostałe znaki niewerbalne i kombinowane nazwać informacjami publicznymi. Liczne opisane formy zawiadomień publicznych różnią się sposobem przedstawienia: na metalu, papierze, płótnie, w kamieniu, na samochodach, murach, ludziach, w Internecie. Jako formy tekstowe napisy publiczne są minimalnymi gatunkami komunikacyjnymi (porady, ostrzeżenia, prośby, podziękowania, polecenia, zezwolenia, życzenia). Niewerbalne informacje publiczne funkcjonujące w przestrzeni publicznej dzielą się na audytywne i kombinowane (opisane zostały znaki drogowe oddziałujące kolorem, poprzez sygnały świetlne, usytuowanie, znaki numeryczne oraz pozostałe informacje wyrażone logotypem, ozdobami na ciele, formy pomników przestawiających ludzi, osłony, maski). Audytywne znaki publiczne: syreny, alarmy, dzwony kościelne, różne formy wystrzałów (działo z Griča, salwy honorowe) oraz znaki muzyczne (intonacje hymnów, marsze, orkiestry dęte).
EN
The author has described and classyfied in a lapidary way verbal, nonverbal and combined forms of public signs such as sign boards, graffiti, epigraphs on metal, paper, cloth, stone, walls, cars, men and Internet. These signs could be named as minimal communicative genres, such as: advise, warning, demand, regulation, thanksgiving, wishes, greetings. Nonverbal public signs are all kinds of traffic signs which can be formed by color, ligtening, position, numbers, logotypes, tattooings, alive monuments, guard, masks and uniforms. Auditive signs are represented by sirens, alarms, church-bells, various forms of shooting (Zagreb’s cannon at noon, gunsalute) and musical signs (national anthems, millitary, funeral and wedding marches, brassbands).
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