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EN
The article is devoted to the names of the sounds whose purpose was to describe the hearing of the war in press and literary texts. There are generic names (sound, detonation explosives, the sound of strokes, the sounds of people, and the definition of silence in the texts. The research material allows to distinguish three types of wars: a) the modern with the sounds of aircraft and other equipment and explosions of bombs; b) the old war with the sounds of the weapons, the screams of people and the sounds of animals, and c) the war in the future — cosmic and yet not fully documented. The literary text describes more different situations, including more vocabulary and adjective terms. Press releases, albeit more numerous, have a lower number of different sound names and more modest adjectives.
RU
Статья посвящена сравнению названий звуков, которые производят люди и животные. Такие слова принадлежат к большему набору лексики, определяющей мир слуховых восприятий. Исторические, грамматические и семантические закономерности для них одинаковы. Различия заметны в семантических деталях и прагматике этих названий, что касается, в частности, гораздо большей частоты использования названий человеческих звуков. Лингвистическая относительность в большей степени охватывает названия звуков животных. Широкое использование названий звуков животных по отношению к людям сопровождается регулярными негативными оценками и выражением презрения к человеку, указанному в качестве исполнителя звукового акта.
EN
The article provides is a comparison of the names of human and animal sounds, which belong to a larger collection of vocabulary that defines the world of auditory perceptions. The historical, grammatic and semantic regularities are identical to them. Differences are noticed in detailed meanings and in the pragmatic of these names, which includes among other things, a much higher incidence of the names of human sounds. Linguistic relativism is more closely covered by the names of animal sounds. The widespread use of animal names for sounds in relation to humans is accompanied by regular negative value and the expression of contempt against the person designated as sound performer.
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