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An Examination of Legislative Roll-Call Voting in the Czech Republic Using Spatial Models

100%
Lyons P., Lacina T.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2009
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vol. 45
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issue 6
1155–1190
EN
It is not clear from previous research if influential spatial techniques for analysing roll-data used in the Houses of Congress in the United States are appropriate in European multiparty systems. This is because the results of spatial analyses of roll-call data from the United States are interpreted in terms of ideological preferences. Within Europe party discipline is also a central feature of legislator behaviour. Consequently, spatial models of roll call behaviour in European legislatures should be explained in terms of party cohesion and discipline. This means that the correct interpretation of spatial models of roll-call data in places such as the Czech Republic requires access to additional sources of empirical evidence such as parliamentary survey data in order to make valid and reliable inferences about what motivates legislative behaviour. Using roll-call and parliamentary survey data from the sixth legislature in the Czech Republic (2006–2008), this research demonstrates that spatial models of roll-call data are not readily explainable in terms of party cohesion and discipline. The difficulty of making a substantive interpretation of dimensions extracted suggests the use of spatial models of roll-call voting where part discipline is strong requires more theoretical and methodological work.
2

The Use of the Geographically Weighted Regression for the Real Estate Market Analysis

100%
Cellmer R.
Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia
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2012
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vol. 11
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issue 1
19-32
EN
The article presents a method for developing geographically weighted regression models for analyzing real estate market transaction prices and evaluating the effect of selected property attributes on the prices and value of real estate. The property attributes were evaluated on a grading scale to determine the relative (percentage) indicators characterizing the relationships on the real estate market. The market data were analyzed to evaluate the influence of infrastructure availability on the prices of land in Olsztyn. The results were used to assess the effect of every utility service on the property transaction prices.
3
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Spatial Prediction in Small Area Estimation

100%
Vogt M., Lahiri P., Münnich R.
Statistics in Transition new series
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2023
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vol. 24
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issue 3
77-94
EN
Small area estimation methods have become a widely used tool to provide accurate estimates for regional indicators such as poverty measures. Recent research has provided evidence that spatial modelling still can improve the precision of regional and local estimates. In this paper, we provide an intrinsic spatial autocorrelation model and prove the propriety of the posterior under a flat p rior. F urther, we show using the SAIPE poverty data that the gain in efficiency using a spatial model can be essentially important in the presence of a lack of strong auxiliary variables.
4
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Cultural Differences and the Consumption Structure in the European Union Countries

51%
Jankiewicz M.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2019
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vol. 5
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issue 344
101-113
PL
Celem artykułu jest zbadanie zróżnicowania kulturowego w krajach Unii Europejskiej oraz jego porównanie ze zróżnicowaniem wydatków konsumpcyjnych tych krajów. Pytanie badawcze dotyczy tego, czy podobieństwo kulturowe krajów jest równoznaczne z podobieństwem w ramach struktury konsumpcji. W badaniu kulturę opisano z wykorzystaniem sześciu wymiarów zaproponowanych przez G. Hofstedego – dystansu do władzy, indywidualizmu a kolektywizmu, męskości a kobiecości, unikania niepewności, orientacji długoterminowej, odpustu a powściągliwości. Struktura konsumpcji została opisana przez udział w wydatkach konsumpcyjnych gospodarstw domowych wydatków na następujące grupy dóbr: dobra trwałego użytku, dobra półtrwałego użytku, dobra nietrwałego użytku oraz usługi. W badaniu zweryfikowano wpływ kultury na udział wydatków na dobra nietrwałego użytkowania oraz usługi w finalnych wydatkach konsumpcyjnych. Podobieństwo kulturowe oraz konsumpcyjne krajów Unii Europejskiej zostało zweryfikowane z wykorzystaniem analizy skupień – algorytmu k‑średnich oraz metody Warda, a zależność między rozważanymi aspektami badania z wykorzystaniem przestrzennego modelu autoregresyjnego oraz modelu błędu przestrzennego.  
EN
The aim of the paper is to study the cultural differentiation in the European Union countries and compare it with the differentiation in their consumption spending. The question is whether similar countries in terms of culture have similar final consumption expenditures and consumption structures. Culture in this research is characterised by six Hofstede dimensions – power distance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long term orientation and indulgence vs. restraint. The consumption structure is characterised by share of durable goods, semi‑durable goods, non‑durable goods and services in households’ final consumption. In the analysis, the influence of culture on the share of non‑durable goods and services in final consumption expenditures is considered. Countries’ similarities in these two aspects are evaluated with the use of the cluster analysis approach – the k‑means algorithm and the Ward clustering method. The dependence between the structure of final consumption expenditures and culture is investigated using spatial autoregressive (SAR) and spatial error (SE) panel data models.  
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