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1

Religioossed ja spirituaalsed kriisid vaimse tervise valguses

100%

Linnuste I.

Mäetagused

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2019

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vol. 75

53-76

EN

In addition to the biological body and psychological and social aspects, humans are spiritual beings. There is much in the world that we are yet unable to explain, but to what human experience reacts, either positively or negatively. This article treats the possible negative interpretations of spiritual experiences that manifest in different crises. Spirituality can be defined in various ways and it can, in turn, be divided into core categories that relate to human spiritual needs. In order to provide help that corresponds to the multidimensional human experience, it is important for health care to consider spiritual crises. Several of the spiritual crises entail good opportunities for personal development and therefore represent, in a hidden form, a potential for treatment and positive dynamics rather than psychopathology. Meanwhile, people outside the health care system would need to acknowledge the mental health problems that accompany spiritual experiences. There is a big risk of romanticizing several paranormal experiences or even mood shifts, which can result in the person not getting the needed help or treatment. Unfortunately, not even religious persons or those active in spiritual practices are immune to mental disorders. A growing interest in different New Age practices, which mix the search for fast spiritual experiences and solutions with several cultural and religious settings, quickly bring the downside of spirituality to the attention of mental health specialists. Spiritual needs are common to human experience and they often arise during illness and treatment. There are several methods for collecting information and spiritual history on the patient’s needs, and sometimes simple questions asked during obtaining the medical history are sufficient to provide the specialist with necessary information that can be considered in developing the treatment plan. Changing the perspective can lead to a completely different understanding of the cause of several illnesses or disorders. As an example, a patient suffering from alcoholism can be seen as a person searching for connection or wholeness with higher forces. Spiritual issues are clinically related to the pathological risk that reminds us of the importance of including mental and existential issues in clinical practice. The religious/spiritual gap may become an obstacle. There is a considerable literature examining whether patients would prefer their physicians to inquire about their religious or spiritual beliefs as part of the routine history taking. Physicians maintain that the foremost reason they cannot provide spiritual care to patients is that they do not have enough time during the medical encounter. The second most common reason given is that they do not have adequate training to provide spiritual care to patients and that such care is better provided by others. Thirdly, physicians express discomfort about engaging in discussions on spirituality and faith with patients. In regard to the psychopathology of mental disorders, there are two basic classifications: the first one was created by the American Psychiatric Association (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – DSM) and the second one was published by the World Health Organisation – WHO (The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems – ICD). The development of the DSM, in its fourth edition, brought a change into the approach to religion and spirituality in the context of clinical diagnosis. Introducing V-code 62.89 (religious or spiritual problem) has increased the possibility of differential diagnosis between religion/spirituality and health/psychopathology. Unfortunately, there are no such developments in ICD-10. It sets boundaries to dealing with the R/S issues in psychiatry.

2

„Uzh khrama Bozhʹyego begu ya…”. Fyodor Sologub: from Religious Poet to Theomachist

86%

Slavia Orientalis

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2021

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vol. LXX

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issue 1

3

The spiritual essence of man and the world in the philosophy of Vladimír Hoppe

72%

Badurová T.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2021

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vol. 69

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issue Special_Issue_1

81-91

EN

Hoppe identifies his era as a period of profound spiritual crisis that stems from Comte’s positivism, materialism and technical worldview. Man thus understands himself purely as an object, fully renouncing any spiritual dimension. Hoppe argues that science offers nothing but an illusion of knowledge, since true knowledge is of metaphysical nature – to know truly means first of all to know one’s spiritual essence. Hoppe’s philosophical ideas fuse with his religious concepts and, towards the end of his philosophical endeavours, he turns more and more towards Søren Kierkegaard. Hoppe attempts to overcome the unbridgeable abyss between religion and science, object and subject, the knowable and unknowable using Kierkegaard’s leap of faith. Hoppe’s thematisation of man’s abilities and fate results in a turn to Christianity, much inspired by Kierkegaard, with a specific formulation of the utmost goal – godmanhood.

4

Idee liberalne i konserwatywne w myśli ordoliberalizmu

72%

Pawłowski M.

Archiwum Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej

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2018

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vol. 2(17)

102-111

PL

W tekście zostaje przedstawiona charakterystyka środowiska ekonomistów niemieckich, ordoliberałów. Ordoliberałowie w swych rozwiązaniach zbliżają się do nurtów liberalnych, jednakże widać w ich pismach także wiele akcentów konserwatywnych. Ocena wpływu obu tych idei staje się głównym zagadnieniem tekstu. Po wstępnym omówieniu koncepcji ordoliberalnych, zbadane one zostają szczegółowo pod kątem elementów konserwatywnych i liberalnych. Zastosowana metodologia obejmuje analizę porównawczą rozwiązań wybranych problemów proponowanych przez ordoliberałów oraz ortodoksyjne nurty konserwatywne bądź liberalne. Skutkiem tej analizy jest uznanie, że ordoliberałom bliżej jest do konserwatyzmu. Wynika to przede wszystkim z ich aksjologii i podstaw systemu. Jednakże nie jest to „czysty” konserwatyzm – liberalizm gra tu pewną rolę, choć w tym świetle pozostaje kwestią wtórną.

EN

This article presents the main characteristics of a group of German economists called ordoliberals. In the proposed economic solutions, they show strong inclinations towards liberal movements, however, many conservative ideas are visible, too. An assessment of the impact of these two currents is the main aim of this article. Following a discussion of ordoliberal ideas, they are investigated in detail in order to find the conservative and liberal elements. Scientific methods applied here involve comparing the s olutions to selected problems proposed by ordoliberals and by other orthodox conservative and liberal movements. The analysis leads to the conclusion that ordoliberals are much closer to conservatism than liberalism. It mostly results from their axiology and the foundations of their system. However, it is not ‘pure’ conservatism – liberalism also matters here, but from this point of view, it is only of secondary importance.

5

Przyszłość cywilizacji Zachodu i ludzkości – prognoza krótkoterminowa oraz długoterminowa (liberalizm z moralnym kręgosłupem jako wyzwanie naszych czasów oraz kilka refleksji dotyczących czasów zaprzyszłych)

58%

Breczko J.

ΣΟΦΙΑ. Pismo Filozofów Krajów Słowiańskich

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2017

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vol. 17

115-129

RU

Легче предсказать – благодаря открытиям современной астрофизики – что произойдет на нашей планете за несколько миллиардов лет, чем через несколько лет. Однако автор пытается объединить эти две временные перспективы. Он считает, что в краткосрочной перспективе нам грозит кризис самого большого достижения человечества, то есть «либерального мира» в широком смысле и его двух основных компонентов: демократической системы (на основе баланса полномочий и уважения прав меньшинств) и рыночной экономики. Главная угроза – это духовный кризис, связанный с чувством утраты смысла существования, которое может удовлетворить только религия. Долгосрочная перспектива – это перспектива неизбежной смерти человечества во взрывающейся вселенной. Наука не спасет нас. Единственная надежда в трансцендентном понимании Бога; который, в свою очередь, дает толчок к христианству освобожденному от томистических схем как в философской сфере (динамизм бытия), так и в политической (отказ от претензий религии контролировать в политическую сферу).

EN

It is easier to predict – thanks to the discoveries of modern astrophysics – what will happen on our planet in a few billion years than in a few years. The author tries, however, to combine these two time perspectives. He believes that in the short term we are threatened by the crisis of the greatest achievement of humanity, i.e. the broadly understood “liberal world” and its two main components: the democratic system (based on the balance of power and respect for minority rights) and the market economy. The main threat is the spiritual crisis associated with the sense of loss of the meaning of existence that only religion can satisfy. The long-term perspective is the prospect of the inevitable death of humanity in an exploding universe. Science will not save us. The only hope is in the transcendent understanding of God; which, in turn, gives an impulse for Christianity free from thomistic schemes both in the philosophical sphere (dynamism of being) and in the political sphere (resignation from the claims of religion to supervision over the political sphere).

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1 Archiwum Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej

1 Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

1 Mäetagused

1 Slavia Orientalis

1 ΣΟΦΙΑ. Pismo Filozofów Krajów Słowiańskich

2 2021

1 2019

1 2018

1 2017

1 Badurová T.

1 Breczko J.

1 Linnuste I.

1 Pawłowski M.

Religioossed ja spirituaalsed kriisid vaimse tervise valguses

„Uzh khrama Bozhʹyego begu ya…”. Fyodor Sologub: from Religious Poet to Theomachist

The spiritual essence of man and the world in the philosophy of Vladimír Hoppe

Idee liberalne i konserwatywne w myśli ordoliberalizmu

Przyszłość cywilizacji Zachodu i ludzkości – prognoza krótkoterminowa oraz długoterminowa (liberalizm z moralnym kręgosłupem jako wyzwanie naszych czasów oraz kilka refleksji dotyczących czasów zaprzyszłych)