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1

Sport for All Frail Bodies

100%
Jespersen E.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
|
2015
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vol. 65
|
issue 1
74-85
EN
Sport for All is a universal Olympic idea adopted by supranational institutions such as the Council of Europe, UNESCO, and the UN. Measures that need to be taken to ensure that all people have an equal opportunity to be included in sport are analyzed and discussed based upon a survey of sports and exercise participation in Denmark with a special focus upon people with impairments. The prevailing point of view is a special needs approach to sports participation, whether it is oriented towards separate or integrated forms of organization. It is often unclear whether this approach is aiming for equality of outcome, equality of chance or just a minimum threshold for sports and exercise activity. However, if we adopt a universal approach to Sport for all, then the focus is not on differences among people, but upon the commonalities among human beings in light of their diversity. This approach is associated with the understanding of “universal design” in the UN‟s Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the WHO‟s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. In conclusion, it is highlighted that a more inclusive Sport for All movement is preferable to a segregated or integrated disability sport, provided the persons concerned have a say in every case.
2
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Outdoor gyms as an example of outdoor recreation activity in urbanized areas

100%
Nałęcz H., Ostrowska-Tryzno A., Pawlikowska-Piechotka A.
Turyzm
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2018
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vol. 28
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issue 1
65-71
EN
In recent years, the popularity of outdoor gyms has been growing. They are built in urban parks, in neighbourhoods (housing estates), at school sports grounds. Recently more and more outdoor gyms are increasingly being built also in non-urban recreation areas (such as coastal beaches, lake promenades, forest parks). The aim of this research was to analyse how outdoor gyms in Warsaw and the selected surrounding localities are used.
3

The Sport for All Ideal: A Tool for Enhancing Human Capabilities and Dignity

88%
Javier F.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
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2014
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vol. 63
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issue 1
20-28
EN
Sport, as a child of modernity, is intertwined with typically modern elements, such as the search for universality, competition, and the fascination for measurement. As modernity is essentially defined, in legal and moral terms, as a search for universally grounded moral principles or basic human rights, modern sports are widely seen as a means to promote typically modern values such as dignity. This paper conceives of the term "dignity" in light of the capabilities approach upheld by Martha Nussbaum and Amartya Sen. According to these authors, dignity is conferred according to certain human basic capabilities that we all are entitled to. This is the reason why this article explores how sport can be a tool for enhancing and exercising such human capabilities. In so doing, I shall argue that the Sport for All ideal provides us with a normative proposal to achieve such a task since it embodies the basic spirit and ethical goals of our modern society. Moreover, connecting the promotion of dignity to the capabilities approach will allow us not just to use sport as a means for development, but also to provide us with specific criteria to evaluate the impact of sport in the wider society regarding the promotion of people‘s dignity.
4

Organizing Sports around the Workplace - some Experiences from Scandinavian Company Sport

75%
Eichberg H.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
|
2009
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vol. 46
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issue 1
130-136
EN
There are different ways of placing sports in social life, and the workplace is one of them. The Scandinavian countries are internationally renowned for their particular development of company sport. This is linked to the dynamics of the Nordic welfare society and political concern about ‘public health’. On the basis of recent Danish research, current practices of company sport are examined. There is social change inside company sport, and new strata demand more and wider offers of sport in the workplace. Side by side with sport in specialized clubs, sport in local-cultural ‘popular’ associations and sport in commercial institutes, sport in the workplace, thus, has a future. This challenges the traditional division of everyday life under capitalist conditions: collective work here, private leisure there. People's health as a human right under the conditions of developing capitalism changes the agenda, also for sports.
5
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Rekreacyjna aktywność fizyczna w polskich serialach obyczajowych

51%
Rymarczyk P.
Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
|
2017
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vol. 56
65-72
PL
Cel badań. Kultura popularna wywiera istotny wpływ na system wartości w nowoczesnych społeczeństwach. Celem badań było ustalenie aksjologicznego i normatywnego kontekstu aktywności rekreacyjnej przedstawianej w polskich serialach obyczajowych. Materiał i metody. Analizowany materiał stanowią odcinki składające się na sezon 2014/2015 trzech seriali obyczajowych: „M jak miłość”, „Na dobre i na złe” i „Barwy szczęścia”. Metodami badawczymi była ilościowa i jakościowa analiza treści. Autor starał się udzielić odpowiedzi na następujące pytania: (1) Jaki jest profil demograficzny uczestników aktywności rekreacyjnej w badanych serialach; czy obraz owej aktywności zachęca do przezwyciężania kulturowych stereotypów, czy też oddziałuje on w odwrotny sposób? (2) Do jakich wzorów kultury soma­tycznej odwołują się badane seriale, gdy przedstawiają uzasadnienia aktywności rekreacyjnej; czy odwołania te potwierdzają przejście od wzoru sprawnościowego i ascetycznego na rzecz hedonistycznego i estetycznego? Wyniki i wnioski. Analizowane seriale reprodukują stereo­typowe założenia dotyczące rekreacji: kobiety, osoby starsze i niepełnosprawni są niedore­pre­zentowani w sytuacjach aktywności fizycznej. Potwierdzona została również dominująca rola wartości hedonistycznych i estetycznych, ponieważ odwołania do nich pojawiają się w prawie dwóch trzecich uzasadnień rekreacyjnej aktywności fizycznej.
XX
Background. Popular culture exerts significant influence on the system of values in modern societies. The aim of the study was to establish the axiological and normative context of recreational activity as presented in Polish soap operas. Material and methods. The analysed material is the 2014/2015 episodes of three soaps: ‘M jak miłość’, ‘Na dobre i na złe,’ and ‘Barwy szczęścia’. The research methods are quantitative and qualitative content analysis. The author answered the following questions: (1) What is the demographic profile of the recreational activity participants in the studied soaps; does the picture encourage overcoming cultural stereotypes constituting barriers to participation in physical culture or does it act in the opposite way? (2) Which patterns of somatic culture do the soaps refer to when they present justifications for recreational activity; do those references confirm a shift from the efficiency-oriented and ascetic pattern of somatic culture to the hedonistic and aesthetic one? Results and conclusions. The analysed series reproduce stereotypical assumptions con­cerning recreation: women, the elderly and the disabled are underrepresented in situations of physical activity. Also, the dominant role of hedonistic and aesthetic values has been con­firmed, since they are referred to in almost two thirds of justifications for recreational physical activity.
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