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PL
STUDIUJĄCE OSOBY NIEPEŁNOSPRAWNE W OPINII KOLEGÓW
EN
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a glycoprotein that stimulates the bone marrow to produce granulocytes and stem cells and release them into the blood. Recent studies demonstrated the presence of CSF-receptor (G-CSFR) system in the brain and spinal cord, and their roles in neuroprotection and neural tissue repair, as well as improvement in functional recovery. G-CSF exerts neuroprotective actions through the inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation, and the stimulation of neurogenesis. This review highlights recent studies on the potential use of G-CSF in cerebral palsy.
EN
Wojciech Biberstein-Kazimirski is a fascinating, non-typical scientist, who has nevertheless been forgotten by Polish historiography. Count Tytus Działyński immediately saw great potential in him and generously funded his studies. Th e trust of the Działyński family was passed on from father to son and Jan Działyński also supported the work of Kazimirski, who was certainly the greatest Polish orientalist. Kazimirski was an active patriot of the Polish insurrection. He took refuge in France where he made a respectable career at the Ministry of Foreign Aff airs in the 19th century. He was awarded French citizenship and made an offi cer of la Légion d’honneur. He distinguished himself as a remarkable linguist and published works in a dozen languages, including the most famous French translation of the Qu’ran of all time and his French-Arabic dictionary, which are still considered among the best today. He was also an expert in oriental manuscripts. He was appreciated by the two Czartoryski princes, and the two Shahs of Iran of his time. Aft er his death, the French Ministry of Foreign Aff airs erected a beautiful bust on his tomb that can still be admired. However, despite all this, there is not a single accurate biography about him. On the contrary, most notices and articles do not even get the most basic things right about him, such as his name, his origin, or his religion.
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In his influential article, What makes an interpretation acceptable?, Stanley Fish states that meaning is not inherent in the text and that all interpretations, even the most far‑fetched ones, are potentially equally plausible and legitimate. However, translation theories usually seem to imply that meaning is a stable, inter‑subjective and uncontested feature of a text. The author of the article seeks to reconcile such an unrestricted multiplicity of interpretations with the idea of an objectively assessed semantic dominant of a text and suggests a new paradigm in translation studies which would give translators more freedom.
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EN
Mirosław Przylipiak in his essay paints a comprehensive picture of Thomas Elsaesser’s professional development as a scholar of film and media studies. The paper also concentrates on his organizational activities, focused on promoting audiovisual culture, which unveil his broad intellectual pursuits. Przylipiak investigates Elsaesser’s academic background, drawing attention to his major areas of contribution to film studies: the history of German cinema, classical and post-classical American cinema, and film theory. With regard to the latter, the essay discusses Elsaesser’s original, multidisciplinary approach that combines various scholarly orientations in order to situate film within broader discussions in philosophy, anthropology, art history, media studies, and cultural studies. It highlights that Elsaesser creatively draws from many methods without fully subscribing to any of them, and in doing so he manages not to fall into theoretical contradictions. The article navigates the reader toward Elsaesser’s numerous organizational activities. It focuses on his institutional work which led to the establishment of several educational programmes and the creation of a book series dedicated to film and media at the University of Amsterdam. The paper then outlines Elsaesser’s contribution to the ongoing discussion on contemporary complex film narratives, which he called mind-game films. In this context, Przylipiak focuses on the issue of agency, as one of the dominant and recurring issues explored by Elsaesser in his large body of work on films, particularly with regard to his studies on mind-game films. The essay ends with reflections on Elsaesser’s philosophical understanding of film’s ontological status and his reflections on film studies as academic discipline.
EN
The purpose of this text is to present a specific view on didactics, its theories and practical perspectives. The author intends to show theoretical considerations describing the issue of the symbol in teaching in the scope of educational tasks in a contemporary school. The implementation of this aim requires the reconstruction of the basic determinants of the symbol itself and its ontological approach to the didactics of the symbol. I am convinced that the symbol can become a category of humanistic theory for general education, showing its implementation capabilities.
EN
This paper presents preliminary evaluation of the programme of, so called, ordered specializations. This programme in recent years has made a significant impact on the higher education system in Poland. The evaluation was made from an economic perspective considering the effectiveness of the programme. Due to lack of appropriate data it is too early for the comprehensive evaluation of the programme. Its effects will become visible in long-run perspective. In the article we use quantitative data from the surveys conducted for the purpose of the project evaluation (surveys with students, graduates, employers and representatives of Higher Education Institutions). The analysis shows that, although the programme has brought the effect of increasing the enrolment in selected fields of study, it did not necessarily lead to the achievement of labour market goals. In the context of the huge expenditure for the implementation of the programme (more than 1.2 billion PLN), the assessment of the economic efficiency of the programme is ambiguous. Conclusions of the evaluation of the programme are crucial in the context of the planned construction of similar actions in the future.
PL
Contemporary civilization and cultural changes mean that students experience many psychological, social and physical challenges that may contribute to mental difficulties and disorders. The article presents the results of qualitative research on the opinions of female pedagogy students suffering from depression on the social determinants of their illness, their difficulties studying and the availability of support. Studies have shown that students suffering from depression have a strong need to obtain specialist psychological support at the university.
EN
In the article we have investigated and revealed the aspect of comparative education in the heritage of N. Makkaveiskyi. It is revealed that a scientist deeply researched educational and training system of domestic and foreign countries and individual teachers, identify similarities and differences of these systems, prospects of development of education on the basis of analysis of achievements and weaknesses in foreign pedagogical experience and the like. N. Makkaveiskyi contributed to the accumulation of knowledge of foreign and native pedagogy, history of pedagogy, theories of learning and education for the mapping of pedagogical ideas and school practices and formulation on this basis of theoretical approaches of predictive nature, their widespread use on the territory of their own state in the future. The academic research on foreign educational systems made a significant contribution to the development of comparative education in late ХІХ – early ХХ century. A scientist investigated original sources in detail, repeatedly was abroad, visited collection on experimental pedagogics for research of the foreign educational systems. N. Makkaveiskyi is known for sound researches of home and foreign history of pedagogics: histories of education and education of old jewries, pedagogical inheritance of church figures, labours of western teachers – Jan Komenskyi, John Lock, Wolfgang Ratke, Herbert Spenser, also the Russian teachers of Ivan Betskyi, Leo Tolstoy, Kostyantyn Ushinskyi and other. The analysis of research work of N. Makkaveiskyi certifies a deep study to them of the pedagogical systems of different countries of Europe and Asia, England, Greece, Egypt, Israel, India, Italy, China, Germany, Persia, Russia, Czech Republic. Comparative education serves to the native educational figures, scientists, teachers for the deep comprehension of pedagogical problems, planning of further activity and prognostication of its results. It opens possibilities of study of maintenance and methods of studies, international experience of development of education in a definite time period, assists to further development of modern education.
EN
Background. The research based on Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory which applies intrinsic motivation and amotivation. Material and methods. The study is based on the outcomes of the survey questionnaire completed by 587 students (334 females and 253 males) of the Academy of Physical Education in Katowice who study tourism and recreation, physical education, sport management and tourism management. The used research tool was the Academic Motivation Scale by Vallerand, Pelletier and others. Results and conclusions. The analysis found that there were significant differences between females and males in extrinsic motivation and amotivation. Statistically significant differences in motivation factors were found between students doing different courses. There is a positive correlation between motivation factors in the group of intrinsic motivation and a negative correlation between all the motivation factors and amotivation.
EN
Between 1919 and 1939, in so called interwar Poland, conferring academic degrees was the exclusive right of state universities and only those named in two laws on universities: one of 1920 and one of 1933. Those acts, however, neither regulated nor ordered the studying order, leaving the regulation of those matters to the Minister of Religious Denominations and Public Enlightenment, or the universities themselves, in statutes, which had nevertheless had to be endorsed by the same Minister. Universities conferred two types of academic degrees: a lower one of a licencjat (Bachelor), physician, or magister (Master) and a higher one, of a doctor. Both were conferred upon students of a given institution entitled to confer academic degrees. Exceptionally, a lower, and only a lower, degree could be granted to a student of another institution of higher education. This exception was allowed to facilitate obtainment of a lower degree by those who commenced studying for a degree at a university in still partitioned Poland, but were completing studies in an already independent Polish state. The main courses offered by universities in the interwar Poland included: law, theology and medicine (medical studies, pharmacy, dentistry and veterinary studies), philosophy, agriculture, forestry and technical sciences. Not every licencjat degree though, would open the doors to continuous education leading to the completion of a university education with a doctor’s degree. The procedures of studying and preparing for a doctorate were strictly followed and specified by the above mentioned minister, usually upon a request of the scientific council of a faculty of the university in question. This paper presents the solutions adopted in interwar Poland regarding the procedure leading to obtaining an academic degree, which are subsequently analysed and evaluated. At the same time it constitutes a good foundation for determining, upon its basis, whether and if, then to what extent, the currently binding law on higher education has drawn upon the models developed in the Second Republic of Poland 1919–1939, regarding higher education and academic degrees.
PL
W II Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej prawo nadawania stopni naukowych należało wyłącznie do państwowych szkół akademickich wymienionych w obowiązujących w tym okresie ustawach o szkołach akademickich: z 1920 i 1933 r. Ustawy te nie normowały procesu studiów ani porządku studiowania. Szczegółowe uregulowanie tych zagadnień powierzały Ministrowi Wyznań Religijnych i Oświecenia Publicznego oraz szkołom akademickim w drodze statutu zatwierdzanego przez tegoż ministra. Szkoły akademickie nadawały dwa stopnie naukowe – niższy (licencjat, lekarz, magister) i wyższy (doktor) studentom danej szkoły akademickiej. Odejście od tego zastrzeżenia było możliwe w odniesieniu do niższego stopnia naukowego. Proces przejmowania szkół wyższych funkcjonujących na obszarach byłych państw zaborczych wymagał bowiem stworzenia warunków ukończenia studiów niższym stopniem naukowym już w warunkach niepodległej Rzeczypospolitej. W ówczesnej Polsce kształcono głównie w zakresie: prawa, teologii i nauk medycznych (lekarskich, dentystycznych, farmaceutycznych, weterynaryjnych), filozofii, nauk rolniczych i leśnych oraz nauk politechnicznych. W zakresie nie każdej z tych dziedzin wiedzy nabycie niższego stopnia naukowego prowadziło do ukończenia studiów, po spełnieniu warunków dodatkowych, ze stopniem naukowym doktora. Dziedziny nauki, w zakresie których możliwa była procedura doktoryzowania, określał Minister Wyznań Religijnych i Oświecenia Publicznego, najczęściej na wniosek rady wydziałowej danej szkoły wyższej. Artykuł (części I) jest ilustracją ówcześnie przyjętych rozwiązań prowadzących do nabycia stopnia naukowego – zawiera ich analizę i ocenę. Jest także dobrą podstawą dla ustalenia, czy, a jeśli tak, to w jakim zakresie, aktualnie obowiązujące Prawo o szkolnictwie wyższym adaptowało wzorce z okresu Polski międzywojennej w zakresie kształcenia i nadawania stopni naukowych.
EN
Hac in dissertatiuncula, plenissima variorum allatorum documentorum, in memoriam revocantur merita primum cardinalis Caroli Wojtyła, postea Joannis Pauli II papae in promovenda studia Polonorum de antiąuitate Christiana tribus in campis: in constituendo Instituto Studiorum de Antiąuitate Christiana in Catholica Universitate Lublinensi (1969), in erigenda Societate Patristica Polonorum (1977) necnon in creando Instituto Patristico Tarnoviae nondum tamen terminato.
EN
The notary Andrzej Cinciała (1825–1898) of Cieszyn left behind his Diary, written in 1846–1853. In his notes, which he kept regularly, almost daily in the early years, we find a detailed description of the activities of both the author and his circle of friends, including those forming the Polish national movement in Cieszyn Silesia. Diary contains numerous apt observations on everyday life, including the author’s opinions about the clergy of the time. The article, which is based on analysis of the contents of Diary, attempts to present issues concerning reception of the work of priests and pastors influencing the educational fate of secondary school pupils from Cieszyn Silesia. It would be a truism to point out that for generations the clergy have served as mentors and arbitrators for certain layers of society. However, contrary to the traditional view put forth by Polish historiography, among them therewere not only charismatic leaders, but also people who avoided honest service.
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2017
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vol. 8
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issue 4
56-64
PL
W artykule zostały przedstawione wyniki badań porównawczych dotyczących wybranych motywów podjęcia studiów przez absolwentów szkół średnich w Polsce i Słowacji na przykładzie Uniwersytetu Mateja Bela w Bańskiej Bystrzycy oraz Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. W badaniach zostały wzięte pod uwagę różne aspekty, takie jak: zainteresowanie kierunkiem studiów, zaintere-sowania własne, jakości życia po ukończeniu studiów, otrzymanie dobrej pracy po studiach, przymus otoczenia oraz chęć zachowania młodości.
EN
The aim of this research paper is to present results of selected motives given by secondary schools graduates who wished to pursuit further education at the University level on the example of the Matej Bela University in Banska Bystrica in Slovakia and the University of Rzeszów in Poland. Various aspects have been taken into considerations such as personal interests, interests in the field of study, the quality of life after graduation, being offered a good job after graduation, peer and environment pressure, and the will to ‘stay young’.
EN
An analysis of topics of dissertation theses submitted at the respective faculties of humanities provides an interesting insight into the character and development of academic disciplines. The article presents an overview of the differences between the German and Czech tradition of English studies at Charles University and the German University in Prague in the years 1912–1939. The focus is on the variation in the number and topics of dissertation theses written by students of both faculties in the context of contemporary doctoral examination regulations.
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PL
Artykuł zawiera wyniki badań dotyczące jakości życia osób z dysfunkcją narządu wzroku, zamieszkałych na Dolnym Śląsku. Pomiaru dokonano z zastosowaniem jakościowych badań pierwotnych, techniką wywiadu grupowego oraz badań ilościowych – techniką kwestionariusza ankietowego. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest diagnozowanie jakości życia osób z dysfunkcją wzroku. Przyjęto hipotezę, że człowiek z dysfunkcją narządu wzroku, w XXI w., w dobie wysokiego rozwoju technologicznego, może zaspokajać wszystkie swoje potrzeby. Z badań wywnioskowano, że pomimo dużych trudności, z którymi borykają się osoby z dysfunkcją narządu wzroku, dążą one do uzyskania samodzielności. Zgromadzone informacje jednoznacznie dowodzą, że jest to możliwe, pod warunkiem, że społeczeństwo nauczy się współpracować i traktować osoby niepełnosprawne tak samo, jak osoby zdrowe, ponieważ mogą stanowić cenny kapitał na rynku w dziedzinach gospodarki nie wymagającej sprawności wzrokowej, ale intelektualnej, fizycznej, psychicznej. Osoby z dysfunkcją wzroku dążą do aktywnego życia zawodowego, kulturalnego, sportowego i naukowego, a umożliwia im to zastosowanie coraz doskonalszej technologii.
EN
The article contains the results of studies on the quality of life of people with visual impairment living in Lower Silesia. The measurement was made using qualitative primary research, group interview technique and quantitative research – survey questionnaire technique. The aim of this study is to diagnose the quality of life of people with visual impairment. It is hypothesized that a person with visual impairment, in the twenty-first century, in the era of high technological development can meet his needs. The study concluded that despite the major difficulties faced by people with visual impairment, their aim is to achieve self-reliance. The information gathered here clearly show that this is possible, provided that the society learn to collaborate and treat people with disabilities as well as healthy ones and who can stand for a valuable asset on the market, in areas of the economy that do not require visual but intellectual, physical and mental skills. People with visual impairment tend to lead an active professional, culture, sport and scientific life, which is enabled by the use of more and more improved technology.
PL
Ważnym etapem w rozwoju umysłowym Zofii Izabeli Łuszczkiewicz były jej studia uniwersyteckie. Zgodnie z tradycją rodzinną odbyła je na uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim. Studiowała tam w latach 1917/18-1921/22. W okresie tym kobiety miały już na krakowskiej uczelni dość ugruntowaną pozycję chociaż nie zostały całkowicie zrównane w prawach w mężczyznami. Pierwsze trzy studentki pojawiły się w Krakowie w r. 1894, na Wydział filozoficzny zostały formalnie dopuszczone w r. 1897 na lekarski w r. 1900 natomiast na prawo dopiero w r. 1900. Zofia Łuszczkiewicz studiowała na Wydziale Filozoficznym nauki chemiczne. Uczęszczała na wykłady i ćwiczenia wybitnych uczonych takich jak Karola Dziewońskiego profesora chemii organicznej, Tadeusza Estreichera kierownika katedry chemii nieorganicznej i analitycznej wybitnego erudyty i popularyzatora wiedzy ora Bohdana Szyszkowskiego specjalisty z zakresu termodynamiki. Poza zajęciami z wybranego kierunku studiów uzupełniała wiedzę w zakresie biologii na wykładach Władysława Szafera, fizyki i u Władysława Natansona a także na prelekcjach z filozofii prowadzonych przez Witolda Rubczyńskiego i Władysława Heinricha. Uzyskała zaliczenia ze wszystkich obowiązujących przedmiotów otrzymując w dn 4 X 1922 absolutorium. Na uczelni krakowskiej zdobyła rzetelną wiedzę a także uczestniczyła w działalności społecznej (Koło Chemików) i miała możliwość pogłębienia religijności w Sodalicji Mariańskiej.
EN
University studies, conducted in accordance with the family tradition at the Jagiel-lonian University, in the years 1917/18-1921/22, were an important stage in the intel-lectual development of Zofia Izabella Łuszczkiewicz. In this period, the position of women at the University was quite well-established, although their rights were not yet equal to those of men. The first three female students appeared in Cracow in 1894, they were formally accepted by the Faculty of Philosophy in 1897, by the Faculty of Medicine in 1900, while by the Faculty of Law only in 1900. Zofia Łuszczkiewicz studied chemical sciences at the Faculty of Philosophy. She attended lectures and classes of outstanding scientists such as Karol Dziewoński, professor of organic chemistry, Tadeusz Estreicher, the head of the department of inorganic and analytical chemistry, a distinguished erudite and science populariser and Bohdan Szyszkowski, a specialist in thermodynamics. Apart from classes in the chosen branch of studies, she supplemented her knowledge in biology at the lectures of Władysław Szafer, in physics at the lectures of Władysław Natanson as well as philosophical lectures of Witold Rubczyński and Władysław Heinrich. She received her credits from all com-pulsory subjects and graduated on October 4, 1922. At the Jagiellonian University, she gained solid knowledge, participated in social activity (Chemistry Circle) and had a possibility to develop her religiosity in Marian Sodality.
EN
In time of Wacław Nałkowski’s studies in Kraków (1871–1876), the chair of geography at the Jagiellonian University did not exist. Despite this, in addition to mathematics, astronomy and physics, he attended lectures in geography, astronomy and cartography. Geographical learning opportunities within the Faculty of Philosophy were enabled there as early as1765, thanks to the reform of the University made by Hugo Kołłątaj. In late 1811 and 1812among 12 departments in the Faculty of Philosophy there was the Chair of History and Universal Geography as well as the Chair of Astronomy. At this time the first Polish physical geographical handbook was issued. That was a very innovative textbook in mathematical and physical geography elaborated by Jan Śniadecki, which was used until the end of the nineteenth century. In 1849 there was an adjustment of the organizational structure of the Faculty of Philosophy. As a result, the Chair of Natural History was divided into the chairs o geology, zoology and geography. The latter was taken by Wincenty Pol, who taught geography of Eastern Europe, the Austrian Monarchy and the Holy Land. He also had courses in physical geography and commercial geography, which later gave rise to human geography. The suppression of the autonomy of the University on September 30, 1852, and winding up of the Chair of Geography in January 1853 completed the first period of formal development of geography as an academic discipline in Poland. Academic activity of W. Pol caused, however, that geography became gradually noticed and recognized as an independent area of knowledge and the academic discipline.
EN
The article shows the role of Prof. Władysław Kuraszkiewicz in creating and developing Byelorussian investigations in Poland after World War II. In the interwar period he investigated Russian dialects in Podlasie, Polesie and Helm Regions. In 1937 he was the first to collect rich dialectae materials in 70 villages between the Bug and the Narew Rivers, which he published in 1939 The Outline of east-slavonic dialectology with examples of dialectal texts, and edition, Warsaw 1963, made him famous. Prof. Kuraszkiewicz was the reviewer of the first three volumes of the Atlas of East Slavonic Dialects of Bialystok Region (Wrocław 1980–1993). Before 1985 he initiated the investigations of the Atlas of East Slavonic Dialects of the Bug River Region, carried out by to teams: the Institute of Slavistic Studies in Warsaw and the Institute of Slavistic Studies UMCS in Lublin. He also contributed to the development of scientific personnel. He promoted and reviewed the doctor`s and assistant-professor research. He supported the development of Byelorussian studies and set up “International Association of Byelorussists and Polish Byelorussists Society”.
PL
W artykule dokonano analizy działalności polskich uczelni wyższych na rzecz stwarzania studentom z niepełnosprawnościami warunków do pełnego udziału w procesie kształcenia, a także scharakteryzowano podejmowane w tym zakresie zadania w odniesieniu do: samych studentów z niepełnosprawnością, kadry akademickiej, wspólnoty studenckiej oraz otoczenia fizycznego. Przedstawiono w zarysie dotychczasowe doświadczenia oraz obecne wyzwania w dziedzinie dostosowywania kształcenia akademickiego do potrzeb osób z różnego rodzaju niepełnosprawnościami.
EN
The article analyzes the activities of Polish institutions of higher education to create conditions of full participation in the educational process for students with disabilities and also describes the tasks undertaken in this regard in relation to: the students with disabilities, academic staff, student community and the physical environment. It outlines previous experiences and current challenges in the field of adaptation of the academic education to the needs of people with different types of disabilities.
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