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1

Solidarna odpowiedzialność inwestora za zapłatę wynagrodzenia za roboty budowlane

100%
Szanciło T.
Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego
|
2016
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vol. 25
|
issue 2
415-450
EN
The article is an analysis of joint and several liability of the investor for the payment of compensation for building works, based on both the art. 647(1) of the Civil Code and the provisions of the Act - Public Procurement Law. In principle, having regard to the process of building and emerging issues related to payments, these regulations have the solution to the increasingly frequent examples of the lack of settlement of liabilities in the context of a rela-tionship of subcontracting. This institution makes many questions of a constitutional, theoreti-cal and practical nature. The question is whether law, which so far protects the subcontractor, is justified or requires the investor obligations which have no justification. If the answer is positive, very important is to analyze the basis of investor’s liability for the contractor’s obli-gations, because the incorrect interpretation of the rules can result in excessive extension of that responsibility. There is very important role of the provisions of the Act - Public Procure-ment Law, because every major investment, in which public resources are involved, is per-formed in the system of subcontracting under this Act.
2
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The importance of evaluation of economic determinants in public procurement processes in Slovakia in 2010-2016

88%
Tkacova A., Gavurova B., Danko J., Cepel M.
Oeconomia Copernicana
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2017
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vol. 8
|
issue 3
367-382
EN
Research background: Public procurement is designed to efficiently spend public sector financial resources. This should lead to savings in public funds. Domestic and foreign studies point to the fact that sufficient competition on the supply side is the condition for achieving those savings. Slovakia currently belongs to a group of countries with low competition on the supply side of the tender. Every year, about 10,000 tenders will be made in Slovakia for 5 billion Eur. However, contracting authorities have difficulty with establishing the estimated contract value and defining non-discriminatory criteria. On the other hand, contractors lack the expertise to prepare tenders, specifications are often tailored to specific bidders or products, and the price criterion has a negative impact on the quality of the goods and services purchased. Purpose of the article: The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of selected efficiency determinants on savings in public procurement in Slovakia in 2010-2016. The number of bids, the subcontractor's participation, the narrower competition and the impact of the narrower competition and the expected price on the number of bids have been examined. Methods: The survey sample consisted of 800 randomly selected public procurement con-tracts from different sectors in 2010?2016. The contracts were split on the basis of the median estimate of the above-limit (409 contracts) and below-limit (391 contracts) contracts; the divestment value was the estimated price of 400,000 Euro (without the tax). Findings & Value added: The number of offers positively influences the creation of savings in public procurement, an average of 5-6%. The impact of a narrow competition was significant, which led to a decrease in savings of 3-4% compared to the open competition if the sample was 800 contracts and over 400,000 Euro (without the tax). For below-limit orders, this determinant was shown to be statistically insignificant. The size of the contract did not affect the number of successful candidates. Also, the negative impact of narrower competition on the number of tenders was demonstrated. These findings are in line with the presented research studies. In the future, we plan to perform sectoral analyses to verify the validity of the hypotheses under review based on the results of our research.
3

Dopuszczalność zastrzeżenia w umowie zawartej w trybie ustawy z 11.09.2019 r. - Prawo zamówień publicznych kary umownej, o której mowa w art. 436 pkt 4a pr. zam. publ.

75%
Szejna S.
Rejent
|
2021
|
issue 11 (367)
36-48
EN
The subject of this publication is to determine whether it is permissible and effective to reserve the analyzed clause in a contract concluded under the Public Procurement Law, due to the content of Art. 483 § 1 of the Civil Code - allowing for a contractual penalty only in the event of non-performance or improper performance of a non-pecuniary obligation. The analyzed clause raises the same doubts as to its effectiveness as the contractual penalty for failure to pay or delayed payment of remuneration due to the subcontractor or further subcontractors, referred to in Article 143d (1) (7a) of the Act of January 29, 2004. - Public procurement law (equivalent to Article 437 paragraph 1 item 7a of the Public Procurement Law). In order to answer the above question, it is necessary to establish the legal nature of the analyzed clause and whether the provision of Art. 436 point 4a of the Public Procurement Law is a lex specialis in relation to Article 483 §1 of the Civil Code. A similar problem has already been resolved by the Supreme Court (i.e. it concerned the admissibility of stipulating a contractual penalty in a construction contract concluded under the old Public Procurement Law for non-payment or untimely payment of remuneration due to a subcontractor or further subcontractor, as referred to in Article 143d (1)) point 7a of the old Public Procurement Law). However, this resolution did not resolve the problems related to the relation of Art. 143d section 1 point 7a of the old Public Procurement Law to the provisions of the Civil Code on contractual penalty, and on the contrary - introduced even greater difficulties in interpreting this regulation of the old Public Procurement Law. Thus, it is advisable to take up the issues being the subject of this publication.
4
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Odpowiedzialność inwestora i wykonawcy za zapłatę wynagrodzenia podwykonawcy

63%
Wybrańczyk D.
Studenckie Zeszyty Naukowe
|
2017
|
vol. 20
|
issue 35
EN
The obligation of an investor and a contractor to pay remuneration to the subcontractor is set forth by Art. 6471 of the Polish Civil Code. The provision was amended by ‘The Act of 7 April 2017 on revising selected acts to facilitate collection of receivables’, which came into force on 1 June 2017. The purpose of this article is to present the enacted amendments and compare them to the previous regulations. Apart from outlining the concepts behind the discussed obligation, the article also aims to instigate further analysis of the issue with a view to pointing out the insufficiency of the existing regulations.
PL
Zagadnienie odpowiedzialności inwestora i wykonawcy za zapłatę wynagrodzenia podwykonawcy reguluje art. 6471 Kodeksu cywilnego. Wskazany przepis został znowelizowany ustawą z dnia 7 kwietnia 2017 r. o zmianie niektórych ustaw w celu ułatwienia dochodzenia wierzytelności, która zaczęła obowiązywać w dniu 1 czerwca 2017 r. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu omówienie wprowadzonych zmian przy jednoczesnym zestawieniu ich ze stanem prawnym obowiązującym dotychczas. Poza przedstawieniem i usystematyzowaniem zagadnienia odpowiedzialności inwestora i wykonawcy za zapłatę wynagrodzenia podwykonawcy, opracowanie może być również punktem wyjścia do szerszej analizy i zwrócenia uwagi na utrzymującą się w pewnym zakresie niedostateczność obowiązujących regulacji.
5
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Odpowiedzialność solidarna inwestora i generalnego wykonawcy za zapłatę wynagrodzenia należnego podwykonawcy po zmianach wprowadzonych ustawą z dnia 7 kwietnia 2017 r.

63%
Rzewuska M.
Studia Prawnicze: rozprawy i materiały
|
2017
|
issue 2 (21)
101-110
EN
This article considers the problem of joint and several liability of the investor and general contractor for consideration due to the subcontractors what is an extremely principal issue from the point of view of construction industry. The analysis includes the new legal solutions which were introduced by the Act of 7 April 2017 about the changes of some acts to facilitate debt recovery. It seems at first sight that the mentioned changes solve any kind of doubt which existed on basis of the interpretation of the Article 6471 of the Civil Code. A thorough reading of the said legal provision leads to a conclusion that it might be a confusing impression.
PL
Publikacja dotyczy niezmiernie istotnego z punktu widzenia praktyki budowlanej zagadnienia odpowiedzialności solidarnej inwestora i generalnego wykonawcy za zapłatę wynagrodzenia należnego podwykonawcy. Analizą objęte zostały nowe rozwiązania prawne, które wprowadzono ustawą z dnia 7 kwietnia 2017 r. o zmianie niektórych ustaw w celu ułatwienia dochodzenia wierzytelności. Na pierwszy rzut oka wydaje się, że rozstrzygają one wszelkie wątpliwości, jakie pojawiały się na gruncie wykładni art. 6471 k.c. Wnikliwa lektura rzeczonego przepisu prawnego pozwala stwierdzić, że jest to mylne odczucie.
6
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O osobistym wykonaniu zamówienia publicznego

51%
Zagrobelny K.
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
|
2018
|
issue 540
167-180
PL
W opracowaniu podjęto próbę wyjaśnienia zakresu istnienia obowiązku osobistego świadczenia w umowach o zamówienie publiczne. Jak wiadomo, tego rodzaju powinność stanowi wyjątek od przyjętego w Kodeksie cywilnym (k.c.) rozwiązania, które przy wykonaniu zobowiązania pozwala dłużnikowi wyręczać się innymi osobami. Prowadzona analiza prowadzi do zaskakującego wniosku, że de lege lata wykonawca zamówienia publicznego ma w tym zakresie większą swobodę, niż się powszechnie sądzi.
EN
The paper is an attempt to define the scope of personal performance obligation applicable to contracts awarded under public procurement procedure. This obligation is an exception from the solution adopted in the civil code, allowing other persons to perform the obligation in place of the debtor. The analysis has led to a surprising conclusion that de lege lata a contractor performing a public contract enjoys greater freedom in this respect than it is commonly believed.
7
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Racjonalny prawodawca — ratunek dla solidarnej odpowiedzialności inwestora za zapłatę wynagrodzenia podwykonawcy

51%
Zagrobelny K.
Przegląd Prawa i Administracji
|
2020
|
vol. 120
|
issue Tom 2
549 - 558
PL
Remedium na problemy płatnicze podwykonawców, którzy nie otrzymywali wynagrodzenia za wykonane przez siebie roboty budowlane, miało być wprowadzenie do kodeksu cywilnego solidarnej odpowiedzialności inwestora. Wyrażając zgodę na zawarcie umowy podwykonawczej, miał on odpowiadać solidarnie z wykonawcą za zapłatę wynagrodzenia podwykonawcy. Sposób, w jaki został zredagowany przepis art. 6471 k.c., nie pozwalał osiągnąć celów założonych przez prawodawcę, dlatego konieczne stało się odwołanie do paradygmatu racjonalnego prawodawcy. Tylko dzięki temu zabiegowi przepis ten uzyskał akceptowalną, niesprzeczną wewnętrznie treść.
EN
The implementation of joint and several liability of the investor to the Polish Civil Code (CC) was to be a remedy for payment problems of subcontractors that had not received their remuneration for construction works that they had conducted. By agreeing to conclude a subcontracting agreement, the investor was to jointly and severally be liable with the contractor for paying the remuneration of the subcontractor. The manner of drawing up Article 6471 of the CC did not allow for achieving the goals assumed by the employer, thus it was necessary to refer to the paradigm of a reasonable employer. Only then was that provision able to gain an acceptable and internally consistent content.
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