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1

Needs: Value in Command

100%
Rodríguez-Herrera A.
Dialogue and Universalism
|
2018
|
issue 3
69-80
EN
This paper reviews one of the mechanisms with which capital weaves a new type of subjection of the human being, the production of needs. Unlike other living beings, whose needs are determined by their biology, the human beings are the fruit of the so-cial relations that they establish within their culture. Humans need objects, but their needs arise through the objects called to satisfy them, objects that in capitalist society are capital—value in the process of valorisation. In this way, need is itself a product of capital, and capital thus appears as a force that imposes itself on the human being from within, not only in the labour process but in the very constitution of the human needing being. The article discusses the triple human condition that gives rise to this phenome-non—the objective being (the need for the object), the being of desire (the need beyond the object) and the object’s being (the need as product of object). The paper concludes that capitalist market, that civilizing force that gives rise to the modern, autonomous individual, reduces freedom to a simple means of capital valorisation.
2
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Interpretácia ako konštituent človeka, komunikácie a porozumenia / Interpretation as a Constituent of Human, Communication and Understanding

100%
Dolník J.
Jazykovedný Casopis
|
2013
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vol. 64
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issue 2
93-108
EN
This paper is intended to be an introduction to the elucidation of the mutual understanding on the basis of the concept interpretation. The author raises the question about how is it possible to understand each other in spite of the fact that the mental world is immediately inaccessible. He argues that the possibility of the mutual understanding is an anthropological constant: the human being is set for understanding as a result of the evolutional mature of his interpretational ability. The major part of the text is an attempt at explanation of the role of interpretation in the process of shaping of the subject. It is argued that the germ of the subjectivity is the instinct for self-preservation which determines the fundamental relation of the human to the world: the world is seen through the lens of egocentrism. Showing that the possibility of the mutual understanding of egocentric subjects is a deceptive paradox helps us comprehend the anthropological foundation of this phenomenon. The final part of the text outlines the problem of the mutual understanding in the real interactional conditions and focuses the attention on three fundamental factors: ego, language, egoism
3
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Nadmierna zależność małżonka od rodziny generacyjnej jako źródło niezdolności w podjęciu istotnych obowiązków małżeńskich

80%
Cynkier, P., Majchrzyk Z.
Ius Matrimoniale
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2013
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vol. 24
|
issue 18
101-122
EN
This paper aims at discussing possible conditioning of the future bridegroom’s overdependence on his generational family. Theories analyzing family life identify few possible variants of how such dependence may occur. According to systems theory, the young man’s separation from the family is due not so much to his personal features but the whole dynamic structure of the family. Sometimes to retain homeostasis (maintain family structure), the family strives to keep the future bridegroom within the family. Family loyalty theory elaborates such a hypothesis. Attachment theories reach even deeper into the structures of human psyche, assuming that the model of adult interpersonal relations –that should be fully realized in marriage – depends on the patterns of childhood contacts with one’s parents or legal guardians. If the future bridegroom depends too much on his parents, he may find it difficult to fulfill his marital obligations. The paper proposes to focus on the family structure of the future bridegroom before the marriage is solemnized. Just then, with the help of the church and therapeutic institutions, such family can be diagnosed and actions undertaken toward autonomy and independence of the future spouse, while maintaining satisfactory relations with his generational family.
4
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„Kobiety […] mają być poddane, jak to Prawo nakazuje” (1 Kor 14,34). Krytyka feministycznej lektury Ef 5,21-33

80%
Rambiert-Kwaśniewska A.
Family Forum
|
2014
|
issue 4
71-88
EN
The aim of the presented text is to question the feminist re-interpretation of Ef 5,21-33, the so-called Christian Haustafeln („household codes”). It is one of the texts by St Paul, on the basis of which the Apostle is being accused of misogynism. In particular parts of the article, we have tried to rebut these accusations, and at the same time highlight pro-female aspects of his activity. The Apostle was presented as a modern leader of his times who fights with the low status of the women, and even appoints women as his collaborators during his missionary journeys. The aims were reached on the basis of examining the structure of the fragment and analysing the meaning of two Greek words: avgapa,w and u`pota,ssw. Furthermore, the pericope was interpreted in its social and cultural context of late-Hellenic and early-Roman era, depicted by epigraphic, papyrologic and literary examples of strong women emancipation, reflected in greater freedom in the eyes of the law, getting married for love and weakening the patriarchal family model.
XX
Intencją prezentowanego tekstu jest polemika z feministyczną re-lekturą Ef 5,21-33, tzw. chrześcijańskim Haustafeln („tablicami domowymi”). Jest to jeden z tych Pawłowych tekstów, na podstawie których oskarża się apostoła o mizoginizm. W poszczególnych częściach artykułu podjęta została próba odparcia tych oskarżeń, a w związku z tym zaakcentowania prokobiecych aspektów jego działalności. Apostoł został ukazany jako nowoczesny jak na owe czasy lider, który walczy z niskim statusem kobiet, a nawet powołuje je na swoich współpracowników podczas podróży misyjnych. Cele zostały osiągnięte na podstawie badania struktury fragmentu oraz znaczenia dwóch greckich czasowników: αγαπαω i υποτασσω. Co więcej, perykopa odczytana została w jej społecznym i kulturowym kontekście, czasów późno-hellenistycznych i wczesnej epoki rzymskiej, który malują przed nami epigraficzne, papirologiczne i literackie przykłady silnej emancypacji kobiet, wyrażającej się w większej wolności w oczach prawa, małżeństwach z miłości oraz osłabieniu patriarchalnego modelu rodziny.
5
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Psychoanaliza a polityka: stawka podmiotu

71%
Burzyk M.
Diametros
|
2013
|
issue 35
1-20
PL
Artykuł ma charakter interdyscyplinarny: jest on poświęcony jednemu z centralnych zagadnień filozofii (problem podmiotu), jednakże jego zasadniczym przedmiotem jest psychoanalityczna teoria Jacquesa Lacana oraz próba jej zastosowania do problemów pochodzących z pola polityczno-społecznego. Uwaga czytelnika skupiona jest przede wszystkim na lacanowskiej konstrukcji podmiotowości, która jest – jak będzie się twierdzić – fundamentalna do zrozumienia aktualnej kondycji polityczności. Kluczowe dla wymowy artykułu jest również pojęcie identyfikacji, rozumiane jako proces, poprzez który podmiot staje się przedmiotem politycznych zabiegów. W konsekwencji polityka prezentuje się jako mechanizm narzucania tożsamości, a psychoanaliza jako jej przeciwieństwo, czyli narzędzie, które służyć może do obnażania politycznych iluzji. W ostatniej partii tekstu omówione zostają polityczne koncepcje kontynuatorów Lacana Chantal Mouffe i Ernesto Laclau (radykalna demokracja) oraz Slavoja Žižka (rewolucja).
EN
The article is of an interdisciplinary nature: it is devoted to one of the central categories of philosophy (the subject) but its essential object is constituted by the psychoanalytic theory of Jacques Lacan and by an attempt to apply this theory to socio-political issues. The attention of the reader will be focused on the Lacanian construction of the subject – a concept which is fundamental in understanding the present political condition. Identification, understood as the process by which the subject becomes the object of political activity, is presented as a central point of the paper. As a result, politics is considered a mechanism for imposing identity and thus psychoanalysis seems to be the contrary – a tool that can reveal political illusions. In this way, the Lacanian perspective can be perceived as a chance to overcome the limits of the absolutely rational Cogito and some of the scientific approaches of the political sciences.
6
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„Quaestio de quaestionibus”, czyli problem pytań retorycznych i ich funkcji w sztuce kaznodziejskiej

61%
Ostafiński W.
Roczniki Teologiczne
|
2020
|
vol. 67
|
issue 12
121-136
EN
The purpose of this article is to investigate, on the example of several preaching texts, a diversity of functions, types, and variants of rhetorical questions used in contemporary homiletics (subiectio, communicatio, dubitatio, interrogatio), primarily in terms of illocution, including the appropriateness, effectiveness, and adequacy of their use in a specific part of the sermon.
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prześledzenie na przykładzie kilkudziesięciu tekstów kaznodziejskich różnorodności stosowanych we współczesnej homiletyce funkcji, typów i wariantów pytań retorycznych (subiectio, communicatio, dubitatio, interrogatio) przede wszystkim w aspekcie illokucyjnym, z uwzględnieniem zasadności, skuteczności oraz adekwatności ich użycia w określonej części kazania.
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