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1
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Knowledge growth factor financial awareness of students of Rzeszów universities

100%
Przybytniowski J. W., Leśniewski M. A.
Journal of Modern Science
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2017
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issue 4(35)
265-281
EN
When dealing with it was found that the financial education increases substantially the economic knowledge to build awareness and competence of the younger generation and therefore the dissemination of this knowledge. The aim of this paper is to identify the importance of the knowledge economy in the growth of the build awareness and competence of the students in the management of finances in the current, constantly changing environment. Design development was subject to the hypothesis in accordance with that – there is a relationship of the knowledge economy and the increase of awareness and competence of the younger generation in achieving financial stability and their independence. This problem will be implemented using the analysis of the state of the knowledge economy university students of Rzeszów on individual economic areas. Method applied research area is anonymous questionnaire survey addressed directly using a survey to students study desktop and portable exams I and II degree.
2
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Subiektywne – intersubiektywne – obiektywne w ujęciu Gottloba Fregego

100%
Niebrój K.
Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne
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2012
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issue nr 17
49-68
EN
The main concern of my work is the issue of the distinction between objectivity and subjectivity on the ground of Frege’s works. It is assumed in this article that in Frege’s concept of objectivity is a special kind of absolute. In order to justify that claim, I use Frege’s ontological ideas, e.g. distinction between object and concept, three kingdoms, Truth, False, distinction between thought and thinking.
3
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Byt przedmiotowy, podmiotowy i sam w sobie według Karla Jaspersa

100%
Król R.
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
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2012
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issue 1
9-23
EN
Karl Jaspers' ontology distinguishes between three formalized views on human being: a) objective being, b) subjective being, c) being in itself. In the alternative terminology, the three index fields of being are the world, man and transcendence. The world stands for objective being in the sense of empirical reality. This objective being is not given to the man directly but with the help of some subject, thanks to which he can discover what is different from him in an act of cognition. Any object, then, is an empirical reality given through presentation. And, an overall definition of the object's equivalent in an act of cognition stands for subjective being. Dasein, consciousness as such, a spirit in the psychological, rational or spiritual aspect, respectively, can be such subjective being. Subjective being is singled out by selfknowledge, that is being for oneself in the sense of self-consciousness. Following phenomenological message, Jaspers notices that consciousness has intentional specificity and that it is filled up with objective content. One consciously directs his attention towards objects, turns towards them intentionally. It is the only relation of this kind, incomparable with any connection between objects. Hence this kind of being needs to remain detailed for one cannot derive any subject's scientific view from the objective world. Anything that is an object, in turn, in the sense of the world, always appears as an equivalent of the subject's cognitive reason. Jaspers, finding support in Kant's statements, whom he regards as the greatest of all philosophers, assumes that any cognition exists, out of necessity, in the form of division into a subject and object as well as depends on their mutual correlation. This, as a matter of fact, is a kind of pre-phenomenon and irreducible structure. Jaspers defines the rule of cognition which states that the man cognizes everything with the help of consciousness as ”the foundation of immanence”. Anything that lasts for people as cognizing subjects, at the same time, has to come into being on the consciousness plane. It also needs to take on the object form, that is appear within the boundaries of the basic division into a subject and object. The rule of immanence links various forms of existence but does not create any superior class of being which would join them into a whole. The outcome of this formal analysis of notions can be the statement that: being is unrecognizable; we deal with existence forms but there is no superior category of being which would bond them together: being is torn – this is Jaspers' fundamental thesis. It can be noticed that he accepts unquestioningly the theses of Kant's transcendental idealism, inevitably connected with phenomenalism: objective reality, available to us in cognition, is just an event, not being itself. The notion of transcendence in this aspect is a logical complement of theoretical and cognitive deliberations, an equivalent of Kant's thing in itself. An essential novelty, which determines the originality of Jaspers' philosophy, is about defining the ways leading to such absolute being. The rule of immanence draws the condition of human thinking on the basis of which human individual is, as a subject, simultaneously alienated from being. Let me add that this is the price which consciousness pays for such a rule which comes into being when the man breaks off his unreflective tie of identification with the world and starts to distinguish subject from object. The bereavement from the world itself taking place pursuant to thinking, which gives rise to subjectivity – Jaspers defines with the help of the word ”breakthrough”. Such breakthrough is identical with human being while in myths it is presented as the original sin.
4
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Strona podmiotowa czynu zabronionego niepoczytalnego sprawcy

89%
Kowalewska M.
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny
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2013
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vol. 75
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issue 3
111-122
EN
This paper concerns the subjective features of a criminal act committed by an insane perpetrator. This problem has been discussed in the Polish doctrine of criminal law on a number of occasions, but no clear answers to some crucial questions has been offered. Thus the attempt to highlight the main concerns and their possible solutions. The issues under review include the essence of insanity, the issue of recognising an insane perpetrator’s behaviour as an act in criminal law, the voluntary commission of the act, and, finally, the possibility of attributing mens rea to an insane perpetrator.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy problematyki strony podmiotowej czynu zabronionego niepoczytalnego sprawcy. Zagadnienie to było już kilkakrotnie podejmowane w polskiej nauce prawa karnego, brak jest jednak jednoznacznych odpowiedzi na kluczowe pytania z nim związane. W artykule podjęta została więc próba naświetlenia podstawowych problemów i ich możliwych rozwiązań. Analizie została poddana istota niepoczytalności, kwestia uznania zachowania niepoczytalnego sprawcy za czyn na gruncie prawa karnego oraz dowolności tego czynu, wreszcie sama możliwość przypisania niepoczytalnemu sprawcy umyślności albo nieumyślności w popełnieniu czynu zabronionego.
5
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Using the Mass Observation Project: A Case Study in the Practice of Reusing Data

88%
Courage F.
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2019
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vol. 15
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issue 1
32-40
EN
Mass Observation was founded in 1937 to collect subjective, qualitative data on everyday life in Britain, and has continued to record the ordinary and the everyday ever since. Mass Observation’s purpose has always been to make the data it collects available to a range of disciplines to apply their own methodological approaches upon, resulting in data that can be reused within different projects and disciplines. This paper will use Mass Observation as a case study to illustrate how a sociological shift in attitude towards subjective data has played out in the use of a dataset traditionally viewed as a historical archive.  I will review how the data itself is used to define and design methods of analysis, examining the epistemological implications of this approach to research design and the new dimension to the researcher-data subject relationship that is introduced. I will conclude by suggesting that research using Mass Observation exemplifies the methodological opportunities and insights that can be gained by adopting a broader, multi-disciplinary research approach to reusing data.
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Concepts of visual consciousness and their measurement

75%
Wiens S.
Advances in Cognitive Psychology
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2007
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vol. 3
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issue 1-2
349-359
EN
Although visual consciousness can be manipulated easily (e.g., by visual masking), it is unresolved whether it can be assessed accurately with behavioral measures such as discrimination ability and self-report. Older theories of visual consciousness postulated a sensory threshold and distinguished between subjective and objective thresholds. In contrast, newer theories distinguish among three aspects: phenomenal, access, and reflexive consciousness. This review shows that discrimination ability and self-report differ in their sensitivity to these aspects. Therefore, both need to be assessed in the study of visual consciousness.
7
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Objectiviser le subjectif pour l’imposer à l’autre : la « normativisation » de contenus évaluatifs comme procédé de modélisation argumentative de l’information sur Internet

65%
Wołowska K.
Studia Romanica Posnaniensia
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2017
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vol. 44
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issue 3
197-209
EN
The aim of the article is to describe some semantic and argumentative mechanisms of Internet discourse processes whose role is to objectify the subjective evaluative judgments contained in the text so as to impose them as conforming to the socially accepted norm. The analyses are based on examples from French news websites available on the Internet.
8
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Narzędzia diagnostyczne w badaniach nad systemem wartości i orientacjami życiowymi przyszłych pedagogów. Podstawy teoretyczne i analiza porównawcza stosowanych metod

63%
Halian I.
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio J – Paedagogia-Psychologia
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2015
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vol. 28
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issue 2
EN
The article investigates the issue of methodical approaches to the research of the value-semantic sphere of the personality. It is noted that the choice of research methods is made on the basis of the analysis of methodical approaches which are used in the sphere of planning, organizing and conducting empirical research of values and meaning of life and phenomena close to them. On the basis of certain criteria there appear some approaches which can be applied to an empirical study of the level of development of the value-semantic sphere of future teachers. The author marks a fundamental difference and similarity between the peculiarities of using experimental, psychometric, projective, psycho-semantic, phenomenological, narrative and biographical methodical approaches. Based on the presented theoretical considerations it is concluded that the desire to synthesize different approaches creates a combined qualitative and quantitative approach to the empirical study of the value-semantic sphere where drawbacks of some methodical approaches are balanced with benefits of others.
PL
Autor artykułu przedstawia problem wyboru podejść metodycznych do badań wartościowo-znaczeniowej zawartości osobowości. Podkreślono, iż wybór metod badawczych odbywa się na zasadzie analizy strategii metodycznych, stosowanych w zakresie planowania, organizacji i przeprowadzania badań empirycznych wartości i sensu życia oraz fenomenów z nimi spokrewnionych. Przedstawiono podstawowe podejścia do empirycznego badania poziomu rozwoju wartościowo-znaczeniowej zawartości osobowości przyszłych nauczycieli. Zauważono podstawowe różnice i podobieństwa w osobliwościach stosowania eksperymentalnego, psychometrycznego, projekcyjnego, psychosemantycznego, fenomenologicznego, narracyjnego oraz biograficznego podejścia metodycznego. Na podstawie zaproponowanych dociekań teoretycznych wyciągnięto wniosek, że dążenie do systematyzacji różnorodnych podejść generuje wspólne podejście jakościowe i ilościowe do empirycznego badania zawartości wartościowo-znaczeniowej, w którego ramach wady jednych podejść metodycznych zostają zrównoważone przez zalety innych.
9
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On Suprasubjective Existence in Mathematics

63%
Krajewski S.
Studia Semiotyczne
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2018
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vol. 32
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issue 2
75-86
EN
The professional mathematician is a Platonist with regard to the existence of mathematical entities, but, if pressed to tell what kind of existence they have, he hides behind a formalist approach. In order to take both attitudes into account in a possibly serious way, the concept of suprasubjective existence is proposed. It involves intersubjective existence, plus a stress on objectivity devoid of actual objects. The idea is illustrated, following William Byers, by the phenomenon of the rainbow: it is not an object but can be said to possess a subjective objectivity.
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