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1

Rahvatantsu harrastamine ja suurpidudest osavotmine: pohjused ja seosed subjektiivse heaoluga

100%
Nemeržitski S., Zajedova I.
Mäetagused
|
2015
|
vol. 62
55-74
EN
Big festivals and folk culture events have been a centuries-old tradition in Estonia. Today, alongside the preservation of national traditions and being cultural events, these events have also become popular leisure activities. Leisure activities are known for their positive effect on humans’ subjective wellbeing through emotional, social and psychological effects. This article focuses on adults’ motivation, both in Estonia and abroad, to engage in folk dance activities and their possible impact on subjective wellbeing. The study was carried out among Estonians living in Estonia and abroad, and it was designed as a mixed methods research. The results indicate that social factors play an important role in motivating adults to engage in folk dance, but also educational aspects are involved, which contribute to the general wellbeing of a folk dancer.
2

Minu lapsepolve ‘onn’ ja ‘onnetus’ seoses hariduse ja oppimisega: uliopilaste malestusi kooliajast

75%
Soo K., Kutsar D.
Mäetagused
|
2019
|
vol. 74
99-124
EN
This article focuses on young adults’ autobiographical memories of childhood. The aim was to explore which lucky and unlucky events students recollected concerning school attendance, how they presented themselves and other important persons and which meanings these memories had for narrators. The data consisted of 70 memories. In 2015–2017, the undergraduate students, who participated in the course “Children and Childhoods”, were asked to write two recollections about lucky and unlucky experiences concerning education and learning, with the aim to re-connect them with their own childhood experiences. This cognitive exercise tried to overcome the childhood amnesia of young adults who are struggling with the creation of their own life career, leaving childhood behind (also called as quarter-life crisis by Arnett, 2007). We applied the method of thematic qualitative analysis. The following categories were revealed in the narratives: event considered as ‘happy’ or ‘unhappy’, self-description, description of others, emotions, assessment of the experiences, meanings of the experiences for the present life. In the ‘happy’ memories, the students mainly described supportive, encouraging, and motivating teachers and parents who were able to raise their interest in learning and attending school. Another source of happiness was getting good grades, participating in competitions, and gaining recognition by teachers and parents. Positive social relationships at school, including well-integrated classmates, understanding and caring teachers, and exciting school events, played an important role in ‘happy’ memories. Emotions and effects described in the ‘happy’ memories consisted of pride, high self-esteem, success, and desire to learn and have high academic achievement. Experience of school bullying was the prevailing topic memorised as ‘unhappy’. The narrators told stories from the positions of both the victim and the bystander. They mentioned the reasons of bullying, such as good grades and success in schoolwork, different appearance and ethnic background, and poor material conditions of the family. The bullies were mostly classmates and older pupils, in one case a teacher. The students narrated that bullying caused social isolation, feeling of hopelessness, and decline of self-esteem. Most of the stories about bullying came to positive solutions, but the teachers, as written by the students, were seldom the persons who provided help or even noticed the victim. The ‘unhappy’ memories included experiences with the teachers who depreciated pupils, treated them unfairly or were too strict and demanding. The unprofessional teachers caused disappointment and loss of confidence. The students wrote in the ‘unhappy’ stories that they were afraid of answering at the blackboard and disclosing a bad grade to their parents. The narrators described how they tried to hide the bad grade from their parents by falsifying it or parent’s signature in the school report. Parents’ supportive reaction to their wrong behaviour astonished the students. In the identity talks, they were studious, conscientious and active children. In the memories of ‘unlucky’ experiences, the students represented themselves as sufferers who, thanks to personal strengths or someone’s assistance, were able to resolve the unpleasant situation and achieve the desired goal (e.g., to finish school, to enter university). In sum, childhood autobiographical memories of school attendance were related to social relationships and important persons in children’s lives. Moreover, the cognitive exercise of re-connecting young adults with their childhoods opened a way to lively discussions in the course “Children and Childhoods”, and prepared students for in-depth understanding of children’s subjective worlds.
3
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WPŁYW BEZROBOCIA NA SUBIEKTYWNY DOBROSTAN OSÓB MŁODYCH W POLSCE

63%
Michoń P.
Polityka Społeczna
|
2017
|
vol. 44
|
issue 8(521)
41–47
EN
The purpose of this article was to examine how the experience of unemployment affects different dimensions of subjective wellbeing of young people in Poland. The paper analyzed: the cost of unemployment understood as the difference in the level of well-being of the unemployed and employed; employment premium, the difference between the level of subjective wellbeing of employed individuals who have experienced unemployment in the past and unemployed; scarring effect – the difference between the level of subjective wellbeing of employed who have been unemployed in the past and employed that have never been unemployed. The study results indicate that unemployment has a negative effect on: satisfaction with financial situation, relationships with friends, self-esteem, vitality, assessment of the prospects for the future, and satisfaction with leisure time.
PL
Celem tego artykułu było zbadanie jak doświadczanie bezrobocia wpływa na różne wymiary subiektywnego dobrostanu młodych osób w Polsce. Analizie poddano: koszt bezrobocia rozumiany jako różnica w poziomie dobrostanu między bezrobotnymi i pracującymi zawodowo; premię na zatrudnieniu – różnicę pomiędzy poziomem subiektywnego dobrostanu osób pracujących zawodowo, które doświadczyły bezrobocia w przeszłości a dobrostanem osób bezrobotnych; oraz efekt blizny – różnicę pomiędzy poziomem dobrostanu osób pracujących zawodowo, które były bezrobotne w przeszłości i tych, które bezrobotne nigdy nie były. Wyniki badania wskazują, że bezrobocie oddziałuje negatywnie na: ocenę sytuacji finansowej, relacje z przyjaciółmi, samoocenę, witalność, ocenę perspektyw na przyszłość, oraz zadowolenie ze spędzania czasu wolnego.
4
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Can Smog Make Us Unhappy? Effects of Perceived and Objective Air Quality on Subjective Well-being

63%
Rok J.
Studia Regionalne i Lokalne
|
2020
|
issue 2(80)
5-21
EN
The study aims to explore the interrelation of perceived air pollution and objective air pollution in the context of various subjective wellbeing (SWB) measures. An original survey data is used, and matched with exogenous levels of PM2.5 pollution in one of Warsaw’s city districts, to capture the short-term exposure and immediate SWB assessments. The log-linear analysis and the Two-Stage Conditional Maximum Likelihood estimations have found both the perceived and objective air pollution to have a negative effect on reported life satisfaction. Using the instrumental variable approach, the hypothesis of endogeneity of perceived pollution to SWB is rejected.
PL
Celem badania jest eksploracja związku między postrzeganym a obiektywnym zanieczyszczeniem powietrza w kontekście różnych miar dobrostanu. Dane z ankiety przeprowadzonej w jednej z dzielnic Warszawy zostały zestawione z wynikami pomiarów PM2.5 w celu uchwycenia krótkoterminowej ekspozycji na zanieczyszczenie oraz bieżącej oceny dobrostanu. Wyniki analizy log-linearnej oraz modelu dwustopniowej estymacji metodą największej wiarygodności wskazują na negatywny związek zarówno postrzeganego, jak i obiektywnego zanieczyszczenia, z deklarowanym poziomem satysfakcji życia. Wykorzystując metodę zmiennej instrumentalnej, odrzucono hipotezę o endogenności postrzeganego zanieczyszczenia względem subiektywnego dobrostanu.
5
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Measuring adaptation with immigrants' subjective wellbeing: evidence from European countries

63%
Brzozowski J., Sikorska J.
|
2023
|
vol. 68
|
issue 11
1-22
PL
Adaptacja społeczno-ekonomiczna imigrantów w Europie jest tematem, nad którym pochylają się zarówno eksperci, jak i decydenci polityczni. Tradycyjne podejście do pomiaru adaptacji cudzoziemców w kraju przyjmującym polegające na zastosowaniu takich wskaźników, jak zatrudnienie na pełny etat czy poziom dochodów uznaje się w literaturze przedmiotu za niewystarczające i zaleca się bardziej zróżnicowane i inkluzyjne podejście. Badanie omawiane w artykule odpowiada na to zapotrzebowanie, uwzględniając subiektywny dobrostan (ang. subjective wellbeing – SWB) jednostek, w tym ocenę satysfakcji z życia. Głównym celem badania jest empiryczna ocena adaptacji społeczno-ekonomicznej pierwszego pokolenia imigrantów oraz osób z pochodzeniem imigranckim (tj. mających co najmniej jednego rodzica imigranta) w krajach europejskich. Przeanalizowano determinanty SWB na podstawie danych z Europejskiego Sondażu Społecznego przeprowadzonego w 2018 r. w 29 krajach Europy na populacji w wieku powyżej 15 lat. Opracowano model uwzględniający przynależność do wyznania religijnego i stopień religijności badanych osób jako dodatkową miarę tożsamości kulturowej, a obecność na rynku pracy, wykształcenie, stan cywilny i niepełnosprawność jako zmienne kontrolne. Posłużono się metodą najmniejszych kwadratów, powszechnie stosowaną w takich analizach. Wyniki badania wskazują, że status imigranta w pierwszym pokoleniu nie wpływa bezpośrednio na SWB, czyli że poziom satysfakcji z życia osób urodzonych za granicą i członków lokalnej społeczności jest podobny. Natomiast istotna jest przynależność imigrantów do wyznania religijnego: najmniej zadowoleni z życia są muzułmanie, jednak satysfakcja z życia w tej grupie znacząco wzrasta w przypadku imigrantów w drugim pokoleniu, tj. osób mających co najmniej jednego rodzica urodzonego za granicą. Z badania wynika, że pokolenie muzułmanów urodzonych w europejskich krajach przyjmujących jest lepiej przystosowane do warunków społeczno-ekonomicznych niż pokolenie ich rodziców i niż muzułmanie bez rodowodu imigranckiego.
EN
The socio-economic adaptation of immigrants in Europe is the source of great concern both to experts and policy-makers. The literature on the subject regards the traditional approach to measuring the adaptation of foreigners to the host country, invloving the use of indicators such as full-time employment or income level, as insufficient, and advocates a more diversified and inclusive approach. Our study answers this call by taking into account the subjective wellbeing (SWB) of individuals (life satisfaction scores) while researching the socioeconomic adaptation of immigrants in Europe. The main aim of the study is to empirically assess the socio-economic adaptation of firstgeneration immigrants and persons with immigrant background (i.e. those who have at least one immigrant parent) in European states. To this end, we analyse the determinants of the SWB based on the data from the European Social Survey conducted in 2018 in 29 European countries on the population aged 15+. In our model, we use the religious affiliation and religiosity of individuals as an additional measure of cultural identity. We also take into account control variables such as labour market participation, education, marital status and disability. We apply Ordinary Least Squares regression, a method commonly used in analyses of this type. We find that the first-generation immigrant status does not impact directly on the SWB, i.e. the life satisfaction scores of foreign-born persons are similar to those of the local community. What has a more significant influence is the immigrnats’ religious affiliation: Muslims are the religious group dissatisfied with life to the largest extent. Yet, their life satisfaction increases considerably among the second-generation immigrants, i.e. persons who have at least one foreign-born parent. Therefore, our results confirm that the new generation of Muslims with immigrant background born in European host countries is better adapted to the socioeconomic conditions than their parents’ generation or native Muslims.
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