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EN
The aim of the paper is to present the assumptions of the project titled “Subsumption of education”, which has been implemented in the Institute of Education, Szczecin University since December 2013. In the first section, we draw attention to the need to reflect on the social, political, and ethical dimensions of the subordination of educational processes. Then, outlining theoretical perspective, we present the goals of our project. The final section indicates the research areas, topics discussed by the participants of the seminar. In conclusion, we present the expected results of work of the team involved in the project.
EN
Based on Hardt and Negri concept I analyzed function of the bioproductive university. The bioproductive university have three function: creating, détournement and management of subjectivities, social relations and commons. I analyzed those function in context of social capital.
3
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Dialektika mezi neidentitou a imanencí

63%
EN
This study discusses the limits of Marx’s reinterpretation of Hegel’s conception of dialectics as a self-mediation of the fundamental by way of historical reality: we will show Marx’s disessentialisation of the (already quite monistic) Hegelian absolute spirit, and the consequences of Marx’s conception of consciousness as of a conscious being for the concept of culture, reduced that is to interest-conditioned, “ideological” praxis and its self-reflection. The study thus subjects to criticism the reduction of objectivi¬ty to totality in György Lukács, the founder of modern western Marxism; it points to the residuum (in no way objectively unlicensed) of self-positing subjecti¬vism in his “class-consciousness”; and it compares this immanentist conception with, on the one hand, the utopian conception of Ernst Bloch, foreshadowing Derrida’s stress on the auto criti¬cism of Marxism as a philosophy of the historicity of categories (as Lukács himself theo¬retically understood it!), and, on the other hand, with the dialectical non identity of the possible of Theodor W. Adorno. By reflecting on Marx’s concept of (historical) consciousness (of conscious Being) through critical insight into its most (in our view) signi¬ficant interpretations of the 20th century, the study attempts to capture the limi¬ts of the monistically-conceived dialectic for democratic social pra¬xis, preserving the “principle of hope” in the openness of the unsubsumable individual.
EN
The application of law is typically associated with the resolution of legal cases by courts and other public authorities, which are empowered by law to authoritatively hear and decide disputes and legal matters of various kinds. From a methodological point of view, the application of law is most often associated either with a logical-deductive procedure in the form of subsumption or with the application of rational argumentation in the form of the proportionality test. My intention will be to delineate not only the nature and differences of these two procedures, but also to examine the common features that can be attributed to them under certain conditions.
CS
Aplikace práva je typicky spojována s řešením právních případů ze strany soudů a jiných orgánů veřejné moci, které jsou zákonem zmocněny k autoritativnímu projednávání a rozhodování sporů a právních věcí různého druhu. Z metodologického hlediska je poté aplikace práva nejčastěji spojována buďto s logicko-deduktivním postupem v podobě subsumpce, nebo s uplatňováním racionální argumentace v podobě testu proporcionality. Mým záměrem bude vymezit nejen podstatu a odlišnosti obou těchto postupů, ale také zkoumat společné znaky, které jim mohou být za určitých podmínek připisovány.
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2018
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vol. 28
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issue 3 English Online Version
101-127
EN
The article presents issues concerning the legal qualification of a criminal act by the prosecutor, including the public prosecutor, the legal qualification of the fact, and the significance of this procedural act for the defendant’s ability to defend himself effectively. The relationship between the limits of accusation and the limits of examination of a criminal case and the scope of defence were presented. The author discusses the indication of changes in the legal qualification to the suspect or defendant and the court’s authorisation in this respect, with particular emphasis on the regulation provided by Article 399 § 1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. Doubts about the application of Article 80 of the Code are discussed as well as its influence on the use of the institution of obligatory defence.
EN
Triumphant technique. Destructive nihilism. Cutting-edge topic. The scholarship describes the proportionality test in various ways and, undoubtedly, does so frequently. Nonetheless, discussion of how the proportionality test stands within legal methodology remains rather underrepresented. In particular, it is not clear how the proportionality test relates to traditional methods of interpretation, to subsumption and to legal syllogism. Does the proportionality test replace these tools? Does it complement them? And what role does it play in the application of the law? The article addresses these questions. First, I complement a traditional Czech legal scholarship by distinguishing two different contexts of the application of law: discovery and justification. In this context, I describe the proportionality test as an instrument of so-called internal justification which requires further external justification by its very nature (especially external justification by traditional methods of interpretation, case-law and legal doctrine). Third, I show that the proportionality test can be integrated into a legal syllogism and that the proportionality test both requires the subsumption and results in the subsumption. The article is analytical and normative. As analytically based, the article illuminates the role and status of the proportionality test. The normative dimension of the article is directed towards legal practice and can be summarized in one essential claim: the proportionality test cannot be used without other tools of the application of law, especially without subsumption and traditional methods of interpretation.
CS
Triumfální technika. Destruktivní nihilismus. Téma číslo jedna. Odborná literatura charakterizuje test proporcionality různě, v každém případě hojně. Přesto však zůstává spíše stranou pozornosti otázka, jak si test proporcionality stojí v rámci právní metodologie. Zejména není jasné, jak se test proporcionality vztahuje k tradičním metodám interpretace, k subsumpci a k právnímu sylogismu. Nahrazuje test proporcionality tyto instituty? Doplňuje je? A jakou roli při aplikaci práva vlastně hraje? Předloženými otázkami se zabývám v tomto článku. Nejprve doplňuji českou doktrínu tím, že s odkazem na německé autory rozliším dva odlišné aspekty aplikace práva: nalézání a zdůvodňování rozhodnutí. V tomto kontextu následně představím test proporcionality jako nástroj tzv. interního zdůvodňování, jenž ze své povahy nutně předpokládá další, tzv. externí zdůvodňování (zejména externí zdůvodňování prostřednictvím metod interpretace, judikatury a doktríny). Ve třetím kroku ukazuji, že test proporcionality vyžaduje subsumpci, ústí v subsumpci a že jej lze integrovat do tradičního právního sylogismu. Článek je analytický a normativní. Analytičnost spočívá v tom, že článek objasňuje postavení testu proporcionality. Normativní rozměr článku míří k právní praxi a lze jej shrnout jednou základní tezí: test proporcionality nelze užívat bez dalších nástrojů aplikace práva, zejména bez subsumpce a interpretačních metod.
EN
This theoretical article explores four main contradictions of the contemporary higher education subsumed under capital. It does so basing on author's previous research results and with the use of general Marxian and Autonomist Marxist theoretical frameworks developed by authors like Michael Hardt, Antonio Negri and Gigi Roggero, and applied recently to critical higher education research. The contradictions are divided into two main categories: the apparent contradictions (the public vs. the private; academic oligarchy vs. capital) and the real contradictions (corrupted form of the common vs. the common; the common vs. capital). They are discussed respectively with reference to contemporary higher education reality. The final part of the article shortly discusses the already existing preconditions for establishing of a post-capitalist university regulated according to the logic of the common.
PL
W niniejszym artykule badamy szczegółowo cztery główne sprzeczności współczesnego szkolnictwa wyższe podporządkowanego kapitałowi. Robimy to oparciu o zarówno wcześniejsze wyniki badań, jak i przy wykorzystaniu marksistowskich i autonomistycznych ram teoretycznych rozwiniętych przez autorów takich, jak Michael Hardt, Antonio Negri czy Gigi Roggero i stosowanych niedawno w krytycznych badaniach nad szkolnictwem wyższym. Sprzeczności zostały podzielone na dwie główne kategorie: sprzeczności pozorne (to, co publiczne i to, co prywatne; oligarchia akademicka i kapitał) oraz sprzeczności realne (poddana rozkładowi forma tego, co wspólne i dobro wspólne; dobro wspólne i kapitał). Zostały one omówione w odpowiednio w odniesieniu do współczesnej rzeczywistości szkolnictwa wyższego. W ostatniej części artykułu zwięźle omawiamy istniejące warunki wstępne dla ustanowienia post-kapitalistycznego uniwersytetu regulowanego według logiki dobra wspólnego.
8
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Śmierć intelektualisty. Nareszcie!

38%
PL
Intelektualista to figura związana z wieloma jeszcze do niedawna żywymi mitami. Karol Marks porzucający karierę mieszczańskiego akademika i dziennikarza, by na całe życie zostać politycznym wygnańcem (uchodźcą?), György Lukács po upadku Rewolucji Węgierskiej oddający pióro, gdy oficer KGP prosi go o złożenie broni, Kuroń i Modzelewski piszący List do partii, za który spędzą lata w więzieniu, Sartre rezygnujący z nagrody Nobla… Dziś ta figura jest martwa, nie ma nic bardziej odległego od przywołanego toposu niż współczesny polski akademik, konformista i karierowicz produkujący teksty w sposób zbliżony do tego, w jaki robotnik fabryczny przy taśmie produkuje towary, w przeciwieństwie do tego ostatniego niezdolny jednak tak do refleksji, jak i do walki o cokolwiek, nawet o samego siebie. Wbrew jednak przekonaniu burżuazji, która sądzi, że „historia ongi istniała, ale dzisiaj historii już nie ma” i chętnie by poprzestała na obróceniu intelektualisty w swojego płatnego, najemnego robotnika, historia dopiero się rozpoczyna. Totalna alienacja, jaką jest podporządkowanie władz umysłowych akumulacji kapitału, wymaga totalnej rebelii.
EN
Until recently, the “intellectual” was a figure associated with many myths. Karl Marx abandoned a career as a bourgeois academic and journalist to become a permanent political exile; György Lukács gave a pen to a KGB officer, after he had been asked to lay down arms; Kuroń and Modzelewski wrote a “Letter to the Party,” and as a result they spent years in prison; Sartre declined the Nobel Prize… Now the figure of the intellectual is dead. The contemporary Polish academic could not be more distant from this topos. The contemporary Polish academic is a conformist and careerist producing articles in the same way a factory worker produces commodities. However, in contrast to the latter, the former is unable either to reflect on or to fight for anything, even himself. But although bourgeois economists believe that “There has been history, but there is no longer any” and will be content to convert intellectuals into wage labourers, history is only just beginning. Total alienation, the subsuming of the faculty of thought to the accumulation of capital, demands total rebellion.
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