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EN
One of the leading models of successful aging is the life-span model of Selective Optimization with Compensation (SOC) developed by Baltes & Baltes (1990). SOC strategy outlines the best adapting mechanisms to age-related changes and its usefulness was proved in many empirical studies. For the first time the present study examines how SOC is associated with subjective indicators of successful aging in Polish seniors. Three variables served as outcome measures of successful aging: positive emotions (measured by PANAS), satisfaction of life (SWLS) and absence of feelings of loneliness (Loneliness Scale de Jong Gierveld). All scales used were in Polish version. Polish adaptation of the SOC Questionnaire was accomplished by the first author. 80 elders (between 64–85 years old) participated in the study. The results indicate that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between SOC strategy and widely used measures of successful aging which confirms the data of previous authors and means that SOC strategy does not depend of socio-cultural context.
EN
Traditionally aging research focused on the disintegration of social ties, however it has recently been observed that whom we contact has a larger impact on well-being (Cacioppo et al., 2009). The authors used data from the Social Networks II module of the International Social Survey Programme to investigate the role of social network components in successful aging. A factor analysis on 1221 Polish participants revealed 4 factors that were interpreted as: close, medium, and distant family, and friends. Well-being variables were most strongly related to contact with distant family, while SS variables were most strongly related to friends. Given SS was strongly related to distant family, while perceived SS was strongly related to close family. All family contacts decreased with age, though only distant family contacts were proactively managed. These results indicate the importance of distant family in Poland, in contrast to other countries.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przeanalizowanie międzypokoleniowych różnic dotyczących subiektywnych (potocznych) definicji pomyślnego starzenia się. Materiał empiryczny pozyskany został metodą wywiadu skategoryzowanego. Badanie przeprowadzono w 2016 i 2017 roku wśród 107 osób w wieku około 20 lat oraz 224 osób w wieku powyżej 60 lat. Dane analizowano z wykorzystaniem statystycznej metody – analizy skupień. Wyniki badania pozwalają stwierdzić, że wizerunek szczęśliwej osoby starszej z perspektywy młodych dorosłych jest zbieżny z promo- wanym w środkach masowego przekazu wizerunkiem „aktywnego seniora”. Z kolei subiektywna definicja, która wyłoniła się na podstawie odpowiedzi udzielonych przez osoby starsze, jest mozaiką takich pojęć, jak: integralność, duchowość i wspólnotowość.
EN
The aim of this paper is to explore intergenerational differences noted in terms of subjective definitions of successful ageing. Empirical material has been collected on the basis of a categorised interview. The study was conducted in 2016 and 2017 among two groups of participants. The first group was comprised of 107 respondents aged 20; and in the second group there were 224 individuals over the age of 60. The data were analysed using a statistical method, cluster analysis. The findings of the study revealed that the depiction of happy and satisfied elderly people from the point of view of young adults seems to coincide with the media’s portrayal of “active” seniors. On the other hand, the subjective definition, which emerged from the answers given by older people, involves concepts such as integrity, spirituality and a sense of community.
EN
In recent years we have observed rapid aging of societies. An important role in maintaining high quality of life as regards seniors is played by proper medical care as well as physical and mental activity. The aim of the present research was to determine the role of participating in organized forms of recreational activity in the process of successful aging. The conducted research was based on a questionnaire and it involved 64 participants of a recreational and sports event, Seniorada, addressed to seniors and their relatives. The findings have shown that recreational events play an important role in the process of integrating the seniors’ environment, promoting entertainment and physical activity and, moreover, they help the elderly acquire new skills and improve well-being.
PL
W ostatnich latach obserwuje się szybkie starzenie się społeczeństw. Istotną rolę w utrzymaniu wysokiej jakości życia seniorów pełni zarówno odpowiednia opieka medyczna jak i aktywność fizyczna i umysłowa. Celem badań było określenie roli uczestnictwa w zorganizowanych formach aktywności rekreacyjnej w procesie pomyślnego starzenia się. Zbadano 64 osoby – uczestników Seniorady – imprezy rekreacyjno-sportowej skierowanej do seniorów oraz ich bliskich. Do celów badań wykorzystano kwestionariusz ankiety. Wyniki badań wykazały, że imprezy pełnią ważną rolę w procesie integracji środowiska seniorów, sprzyjają rozrywce, aktywności fizycznej, zdobywaniu nowych umiejętności oraz poprawie samopoczucia.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wybranych koncepcji mądrości sformułowanych na gruncie psychologii w kontekście badań nad uczeniem się osób starszych i związanym z tym pomyślnym starzeniem się. Omówiono koncepcje, w których mądrość jest rozumiana jako: umiejętność zastosowania wiedzy w życiu codziennym, efekt rozwoju duchowego oraz układ kompetencji lub właściwości osobowościowych.
EN
The aim of the article is to present some concepts of wisdom formulated in psychology. These concepts are described in the context of research on learning in later life and in the context of successful aging. The author discusses the concepts in which wisdom is defined as the ability to apply knowledge in everyday life, the effect of spiritual development and system of competences or personality characteristics.
EN
According to demographers, percentage of seniors who have a chance to live for a hundred years still increases. These predictions force us to the reflection about raising the quality of aging by promoting a model of successful aging. Experts in this area are certainly the oldest citizens who with their life prove that living in old age can be satisfying. The article presents studies conducted among centenarians. The research concerned the phenomenonof longevity. The life-extending factors were also analyzed. The frame for theoretical assumptions are statements of centenarians on the principles of successful aging. A case study method based on press sources was applied.
EN
The subject of this article is one of the Netflix’s series – Grace and Frankie (2015–2017). The show is a voice against the lack of elder women in social and media space and against discrimination and exclusion in terms of culture and dignity of the elders. The purpose of the topic is to attract attention to the role of media, including popular TV series, in presenting ways and possibilities to experience aging well promoting and supporting successful and positive aging, and counteracting the negative stereotypes of old age. The show in question can constitute appealing form of media’s social education which fits perfectly into the contemporary pro-elderly policy.
EN
In Poland, the aging process of the population is noticeably slower than in other European countries. The aging of Polish society concerns both municipal and rural areas. However, this process varies between these environments, both in terms of the pace and the scale of the problem. However, it is particularly significant that the forecasts indicate that rural areas will remain “younger” than urban areas in the future. The aim of the present paper was to attempt to answer the question whether the situation of elderly people from the rural areas of south-eastern Poland fit the concepts of successful aging. The paper is based on the results of a study conducted in 2017 among a group of 150 people aged 60+, living in the districts of Myślenice and Nowy Targ. On this basis, it is possible to state that the respondents are rather happy with their contacts with the environment, and express a moderately high degree of satisfaction with their health condition, are not very professionally active, and notice high shortages on the Polish market in terms of services and products aimed especially at elderly people. Thus we may assume that the subjective quality of the life of the respondents in the villages of the Małopolskie province is at an average level and that it creates the possibility of drawing conclusions on the moderate course of the process of successful aging in this environment.
PL
W Polsce proces starzenia się ludności przebiega zdecydowanie wolniej niż w innych krajach europejskich. Fakt ten może cieszyć. Ale jednocześnie nie należy zapominać, że systematyczny wzrost udziału osób starszych w społeczeństwie to aktualnie jeden z najpoważniejszych problemów demograficznych, społecznych i gospodarczych w naszym kraju. Starzenie się polskiego społeczeństwa dotyczy zarówno terenów miejskich, jak i wiejskich. Jednakże proces ten przebiega w odmienny sposób w obu tych środowiskach, zarówno pod względem tempa, jak i skali problemu. Jednakże, co szczególnie ważne, w przyszłości według prognoz wieś pozostanie „młodsza” od miasta. Celem prezentowanego opracowania była próba odpowiedzi na pytanie o to, czy sytuacja seniorów z obszarów wiejskich Polski południowo-wschodniej wpisuje się w koncepcje pomyślnego starzenia się. Podstawę stanowią tu wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w 2017 roku na grupie 150 osób w wieku 60+ z terenu powiatów myślenickiego i nowotarskiego. Na ich podstawie można stwierdzić, iż respondenci prezentują się jako osoby raczej zadowolone z kontaktów z otoczeniem, o umiarkowanie wysokim stopniu satysfakcji w odniesieniu do swojego stanu zdrowia, niezbyt aktywne zawodowo i dostrzegające duże braki na polskim rynku w zakresie oferty usług i produktów kierowanych specjalnie do seniorów. Można więc uznać, że subiektywna jakość życia badanych seniorów z małopolskiej wsi jest na średnim poziomie, a to przekłada się na możliwość wnioskowania o umiarkowanym przebiegu procesu pomyślnego starzenia się w tym środowisku.
EN
The ability to create dreams is an important part of the existential health of the elderly. Every man, regardless of age, must follow his dreams, which determine his state of mind. Dreams affect the quality of life, its creativity, prosperity. Dreams fully reflect human desires, wants, needs. In this article the following questions will be raised: What are dreams in a senior’s life? What is the nature and purpose of dreams? In addition, the conditions for the emergence of dreams in old age will be presented. Dreams give seniors energy to act, stimulate human motivation, integrate people, regulate sense of identity and sense of life, direct action, and relax.
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