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Perzister

100%
Uhlířová L. U.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
|
2021
|
vol. 104
|
issue 3
200-203
EN
A new microbiological term, persister, i.e., a bacterium persisting in the cell, is discussed. It is argued that of its several forms found in scientific texts, the inanimate noun perzister with the suffix -er is the (most) appropriate one.
2
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Haluzárna, bafačky a homokonec: Neologismy na webu Československé filmové databáze a relevance neologismů (nejen) pro popis slovotvorby

100%
Sláma J.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
|
2023
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vol. 105
|
issue 1
23-38
EN
Studies of Czech neologisms usually focus on neologisms found in standard texts or in a collaborative online dictionary including mostly expressive words, invented words and the like. The paper attempts to bridge the gap by focusing on less formal and standard, yet fully authentic texts, i.e., user reviews in the Czech-Slovak film database. Based on 2,006 novel lexical units found on the website, it is shown that while neologisms are mostly found among lexical words, some are also found among grammatical, supposedly closed-class words. It is illustrated that derivation by suffixes and prefixoids as well as compounding are the most productive processes, yielding some surprisingly productive types of new words. Finally, the paper focuses on three prominent patterns found among the neologisms (X-árna, V-ačka, and homo-N) and points out their relevance, thus illustrating that studies of neologisms do not need to be trivially descriptive and classificatory but can point towards more general issues, both theoretical and methodological.
3
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Name-based nickname formation among Japanese junior high school students:

80%
Barešová I.
Acta onomastica
|
2020
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vol. 61
|
issue 2
267-286
EN
This article provides an insight into contemporary Japanese nicknaming practices through an analysis of 989 nicknames formed by modifications of personal names reported by Japanese junior high school students. It identifies and describes the most common name-based formation methods used to create such nicknames. While those received at home are mostly traditional forms of endearment, those created in the school environment utilise either the given name or the surname or both, and with a wider variety of modifications, involving suffixation, reduplication, syllable inversion, different kanji readings or English, word similarity or playful associations.
CS
Příspěvek nabízí vhled do současných japonských způsobů vytváření přezdívek z osobních jmen. Na základě analýzy 989 přezdívek japonských žáků nižších středních škol identifikuje, popisuje a na příkladech dokumentuje nejčastější způsoby vytváření tohoto typu přezdívek. Zatímco v rámci rodiny jsou využívány především tradiční hypokoristické formy jmen, přezdívky vznikající ve školním prostředí vycházejí ze jména i příjmení, případně jejich kombinace, a vykazují různorodější tvůrčí postupy. Zastoupeny jsou mimo jiné reduplikace, inverze slabik, uplatňování anglických ekvivalentů či jiných variant čtení znaků, jimiž je jméno zapisováno, záměny na základě podobnosti slov a nejrůznější hravé asociace.
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