Search results

1

Cancer of the gallbladder – own experience

100%

Gryko M., Dawidziuk T., Sawicka E., Cepowicz D., Kamocki Z., Masiulaniec P., Kędra B.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2014

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vol. 4

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issue 1

153-157

XX

Gallbladder cancer is a relatively rare cancer of the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly detected (approximately 95% of cases) in the most advanced clinical stage IV and burdened with high mortality rate. This is mainly due to the nonspecific symptoms in the early stages of the disease. The remaining cases of gallbladder cancer are usually detected after surgery due to gallstone disease. Gallstones, their size and pancreatic juice reflux into the gallbladder are risk factors in the development of gallbladder cancer. In this paper the authors carried out a retrospective research based on an evaluation of a group of 38 patients treated surgically due to the gallbladder cancer in the years 2005-2012 in the Second Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery in Białystok Medical University Hospital. In this group there were 29 women and 9 men, in age between 48-86 years. Although women suffered from gallbladder cancer more often than men, their survival rate was significantly better after the surgery. The research showed some benefits of extended surgical procedures even in patients with advanced stages of the disease, while the effectiveness of surgical treatment depends mainly on the possibility of radical resection of the primary lesion and, eventually, the resection of lymph nodes and other infiltrated tissues.

2

Business Model Adaptation and the Success of New Ventures

100%

Balboni B., Bartoluzzi G.

Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation

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2015

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vol. 11

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issue 1

119-140

EN

In this study, we explore the connections between business model adaptation and the success of new ventures. We do so by analysing in depth the business model evolution of three new Italian ventures throughout their first years of life. We try to understand if and how the evolution of these firms’ business models is connected to their success. Our analysis reveals that adapting their business models was crucial to enabling these firms to survive in extremely dynamic environments. However, it did not fully act as a catalyst for their processes of growth and did not increase their profitability.

3

Intercultural Dialogue as a way out of the present crisis.

100%

Ferrarotti F.

Academicus. International Scientific Journal

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2023

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vol. 14

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issue 28

9-28

EN

We live in a technical age. That is to say, modern societies have adopted technological innovation as a guide-principle. But technique is a perfection without an aim. It can only control its internal operations. It is the eternal return of the identical. Hence, a general feeling of social disorientation and anxiety. Moreover, in a nuclear age such as ours, there is no guarantee of survival for mankind. From a diachronic historical process, we are in a synchronic one. All cultures are to be considered at the same level. The only way out is dialogue, intercultural relations, based on a concept of «cultural co-tradition».

4

The financial situation, capacity to compete in the SMEs sector of the Hungarian construction industry in the crisis period (The lessons of an empirical study)

100%

Parragh B.

Zeszyty Naukowe ZPSB Firma i Rynek

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2017

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issue 1(51)

31-52

EN

In the last twenty-five years the Hungarian economy has been undergoing profound changes that companies have had to keep up with in order to survive. The rapidly changing economic environment, and the world crisis impacting Hungary as well, forced companies to make constant adaptation and radical changes. The pre-condition of effective activity and of the survival of Hungarian small- and medium-sized companies is the possession of a suitable and well-conceived financial strategy; for its implementation they have to be ready to make structural changes following a new way of thinking. The targeted goal is not limited to being cost efficient and technologically-orientated. The general financial crisis, which originated from the American mortgage credit cataclysm, must now be considered a global phenomenon, and the consequent uncertainty in the financial situation shows its multifaceted effects. This study examines the financial difficulties, the possibilities for growth, and the survival chances of the small- and medium-sized companies, and analyses their situations and problems with special regard to one of our industries in crisis, i.e. the construction industry.

5

PSUCIE MECHANIZMÓW HOMEOSTAZY W SYSTEMACH PRZYRODY I SPOŁECZEŃSTWA

100%

Sztumski W.

Eunomia – Rozwój Zrównoważony – Sustainable Development

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2019

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issue 2(97)

125-134

EN

The author draws attention to the low-profile phenomenon of disassembly of equilibrium mechanisms. Although it has accompanied the progress of civilization since the beginning of humanity and intensified in the Anthropocene era, it has become particularly visible and dangerous since the mid-twentieth century. More and more people tinker with homeostasis of nature and social systems with the help of increasingly better tools and technologies and spoil it in proportion to its possibilities and rapidly growing consumer needs. They do it unnecessarily on such a large scale, foolishly and irresponsibly. They do not care that future generations are increasingly reducing their chances of survival. In individual parts of the article, homeostasis is discussed and its importance for the existence and development of natural and social systems, and the dismantling of homeostasis mechanisms in the geobiosphere, sociosphere and economy. In conclusion, the author shows the dilemma faced today by humanity: whether to follow the path delineated by the calculating reason controlled by the ideology of consumerism and uncontrollable economic growth, and further weaken homeostasis, which threatens with extermination, or try to stop it for the benefit of future generations and for prolonging life humanity. The decision must be made by the present and next generation, because in a dozen or so years it may be too late.

6

Bariery uczestnictwa w surwiwalu jako jednym z typów zajęć outdoor

86%

Płoskonka P.

Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu

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2017

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vol. 57

82-90

PL

Cel badań. Celem ogólnym badań było poznanie uwarunkowań uczestnictwa w surwiwalu jako formie działalności turystyczno-rekreacyjnej oraz określenie ich wpływu na rozpoczęcie i kontynuację aktywności surwiwalowej. W prezentowanym artykule autor skupił się na jednym z celów szczegółowych badań, jakim było poznanie barier uprawiania surwiwalu oraz ich znaczenie w zależności od wybranych zmiennych społeczno-demograficznych i doświadczenia w tym zakresie. Materiał i metody. Badania przeprowadzono przy użyciu samodzielnie przygotowanego kwestionariusza ankiety. Podstawę opracowania stanowiły opinie 594 respondentów. Badano uczestników wybranych imprez surwiwalowych (wybranych członków stowarzyszeń i organizacji surwiwalowych oraz zarejestrowanych członków serwisów zajmujących się tematyką surwiwalu). Wyniki. Najliczniejsza grupa badanych za największą barierę uznała brak czasu wynikający z obowiązków zawodowych, szkolnych oraz rodzinnych. Indeks braku czasu uzyskał najwyższy wynik wśród sześcioczynnikowej skali barier. Barierami mającymi związek z płcią okazały się koszty, które istotnie większe znaczenie miały dla kobiet niż dla mężczyzn. Dla ogółu badanych (niezależnie od płci) stwierdzono wysoko istotną korelację ujemną pomiędzy barierą izolacja społeczna a wiekiem. Wnioski. Surwiwal jest silnie determinowany budżetem czasu wolnego, który związany jest ze średnim czasem trwania wszystkich zajęć w ciągu doby i w konsekwencji dostępnością czasu wolnego przeznaczonego na rekreację, a także dostępnością terenów uprawiania. Znaczącą barierę stanowi problem ze znalezieniem innych osób podzielających zainteresowanie surwiwalem. Koszty zakupu sprzętu i ekwipunku nie stanowiły istotnej przeszkody w podjęciu aktywności.

EN

Background. A growing interest in survival as a tourist and recreational activity raises the need for empirical research into this issue. Unfortunately, a vast majority of authors focus on the technical aspects of survival, ignoring the determinants of this activity. The few existing studies are usually based on observation and involve small samples. This paper will help complement the body of knowledge concerning this issue. Material and methods. Following a pilot study, the study proper was conducted with the use of a questionnaire prepared by the author. The analysis was based on the opinions of 594 respondents. The research was conducted during randomly selected survival events, among randomly selected members of survival societies and organisations and users of websites dedicated to survival. Result. The largest group of respondents identified lack of time resulting from professional, school, academic, and family duties as the greatest barrier. The lack-of-time index obtained the highest score in the six-factor barrier scale. Gender-related barriers were costs, which turned out to be of significantly higher importance for women than for men. For all respondents, and in the groups of men and women independently, a highly significant negative correlation was found between the social isolation barrier and age. Conclusions. Survival is strongly determined by the accessibility of leisure time and appropriate environment. The problem to find other people engaged in survival activity seems a significant barrier. The costs of equipment do not constitute a substantial barrier to participation.

7

Organisational Effectiveness and Customer Satisfaction

86%

Ambrož M., Praprotnik M.

Organizacija

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2008

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vol. 41

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issue 5

161-173

EN

This paper presents a test of the relationship between organizational culture as a crucial indicator of organizational effectiveness and customer satisfaction using service-unit data from two health resorts. Ensuring survival of the service organisation in the long run requires adaptations which are oriented towards achieving maximum customer satisfaction. This study intended to unveil the effect organisational factors have on customer service orientation from the customer and employee point of view within a two health resort service setting. The finding suggests that when trying to predict the comparative degree which organisational effectiveness factors have in satisfying customers' needs, performance, adaptability and mission can be of the highest importance. Some effects like performance were uniform for employees and customers, while others varied depending on the organisation and the customer or employee group. Furthermore, findings suggest that service performance and organisation mission of the service organisation predict customer satisfaction based on established and proven health services. In this context there is no room for innovation, despite the fact that employees and customers do not share similar views about the impact of organisational effectiveness. Developing an effective service organisation can provide a competitive advantage to the organisation. Critical for the success of the service organisation is that organisational agents have a clear view of the existing organisation effectiveness and a clear view of the customer expectations in this area.

8

Past and Present in Jorge Semprun’s "L’écriture ou la vie"

86%

Ferri G.

Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature

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2016

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vol. 40

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issue 2

DE

Der Band enthält die Abstracts ausschließlich in englischer Sprache.

EN

Being a survivor to the Buchenwald concentration camp may implythe inability to tell this tragic experience. Semprun tries to go beyond this difficulty by writing L'écriture ou la vie. His trauma and the camp’s omnipresence determine a noncoincidence between interior and exterior time and the fragmentation of the text. Chronological linearity makes way for a labyrinthic time caractherized by a continuous change of present into past tense and by several flashbacks and metatextual digressions. The latter are also the indication that the elaboration process is underway and this suggests that art in itself makes the evolution possible.

FR

Le numéro contient uniquement les résumés en anglais.

RU

Том не содержит аннотаций на английском языке.

9

The Religion (without Religion) of the Living (without Life): Re-reading Derrida’s “Faith and Knowledge”

86%

Leung K.-H.

Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture

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2021

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vol. 5

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issue 3

35-49

EN

This article offers a reading of Jacques Derrida’s account of “religion” and “life” in his seminal essay “Faith and Knowledge.” Applying Derrida’s aporetic structure of “X without X” to his remarks on religion and life in “Faith and Knowledge,” this article suggests that underlying Derrida’s endeavor to “think religion abstractly” is a radical re-conception not only of religion as “religion without religion” but moreover a re-imagination of life as “life without life” that breaks away from the traditional metaphysical understandings of life and religion.

10

Cardiovascular testing of seasickness in healthy volunteers on life rafts

86%

Molisz A., Ryk M., Rataj M., Kołaczyńska B., Nowicka-Sauer K., Przewoźny T., Sauer M., Gutknecht P., Trzeciak B., Siebert J.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2020

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vol. 33

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issue 4

467-477

EN

ObjectivesThe role of the cardiovascular system in the development of seasickness remains uncertain.Material and MethodsOverall, 18 healthy students (10 males and 8 females) aged 18–24 years volunteered in the project, spending 2–7 h on life rafts. The cardiovascular system was examined with impedance cardiography. Susceptibility and symptoms of seasickness were evaluated by the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire Shortform (MSSQ-Short) and the Motion Sickness Assessment Questionnaire (MSAQ). The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), ranging 0–10, was used to assess nausea, dizziness and mood. The parameters were assessed at 2 time points.ResultsDifferences in the heart rate (HR), the thoracic fluid content index (TFCI), the stroke index (SI) and the Heather index (HI) before launching the life rafts and after leaving them were observed (78.6, 20.8, 55.6 and 15.9 vs. 70.1, 19.7, 60.5 and 17.9, with p-values of 0.002, <0.001, 0.003 and 0.004, respectively). Females reacted with changes in SI and HR more vividly, whereas males regulated more HI and TFCI. In addition, HR correlated significantly with the central and peripheral symptoms in MSAQ, stroke volume (SV) with peripheral and sopite-related ones, SI with overall ones, and pulse pressure with overall, gastrointestinal and central ones (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient [ρ] was –0.478, –0.711, 0.476, 0.472, 0.525, –0.476, –0.579 and –0.584, respectively). As regards MSSQ-Short, it correlated negatively with sopite-related symptoms in MSAQ (ρ= –0.486). Mood in VAS correlated significantly with gastrointestinal symptoms, SI and the cardiac index (CI) (ρ = –0.752, –0.492 and –0.489, respectively).ConclusionsIt was found that HR correlated negatively, and SV/SI correlated positively, with the severity of seasickness symptoms measured with MSAQ. Gender is probably an independent factor influencing reactions to motion. Women react with SI increase whereas men react with increased heart contractility (HI rise). Negative mood in seasickness evaluated with VAS seems to be mostly determined by gastrointestinal symptoms assessed with MSAQ and diminished cardiovascular indices (both CI and SI).

11

Człowiek jako niemożliwość. Antropologia fenomenologiczna

86%

Wetz F. J.

Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne

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2012

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issue nr 19

247-269

EN

Blumenberg’s phenomenological anthropology replaces the traditional question: what is human being? by the question: how is human being possible at all? The last question expresses a huge skepticism against “life-ability” in a manner of human existence. According to Blumenberg man can survive only if he distances himself – in a direct and in a metaphorical sense – from the overwhelming power of reality. As an animal that has eyes and moves on two legs man can secure himself from dangers and set traps for what he desires. In the metaphorical sense he distances himself from all-powerful reality through creating myths, religions, sciences, technique, art and culture. They are proven forms of to get over with anxieties and dangers human being faces in the terrible and anonymous world.

12

Factors influencing the survival of recipients after heart transplantation: a five-year retrospective study

86%

Milaniak I., Wierzbicki K., Przybyłowski P.

Państwo i Społeczeństwo

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2022

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issue 1

55-70

PL

Wprowadzenie: Przeszczepienie serca pozostaje standardem postępowania w leczeniu schyłkowej niewydolności serca. Ocena wyników przeszczepu serca, w tym śmiertelności i jej czynników prognostycznych, jest bardzo ważna dla ośrodków transplantacyjnych. Celem pracy jest zbadanie możliwego wpływu jakości życia, objawów depresyjnych, optymizmu, poczucia własnej skuteczności oraz danych medycznych na przeżycie wśród biorców serca w 5-letnim okresie obserwacji. Materiał i metody: Badaniem objęto 131 biorców przeszczepu serca. Funkcjonowanie psychologiczne i jakość życia oceniano za pomocą samoopisowych skal (Inwentarz Depresji Becka, Test Orientacji Życiowej, Skala Uogólnionej Własnej Skuteczności oraz Jakość Życia Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia). Dane kliniczne uzyskano z elektronicznego rekordu pacjenta. Wyniki: W okresie obserwacji o medianie 5 lat zmarło 24% pacjentów. Wystąpienie choroby naczyniowej graftu dwukrotnie zwiększało ryzyko zgonu w badanej populacji (HR = 2,17 [1,066, 14,446], p = 0,032). U pacjentów z rozpoznaną niewydolnością serca w skali NYHA II–IV ryzyko zgonu pacjentów było dwukrotnie wyższe (HR = 2,18 [1,043, 4,578], p = 0,037) w porównaniu z oceną NYHA I. Wnioski: Ani jakość życia, ani czynniki psychologiczne nie były związane z 5-letnim przeżyciem. Jedynie waskulopatia tętnic wieńcowych i wyższa skala NYHA po przeszczepieniu serca były niezależnymi predyktorami 5-letniej śmiertelności wśród biorców serca.

EN

Introduction: Cardiac transplantation remains the standard procedure for patients with end-stage heart failure. Assessing the outcomes of heart transplantation, including mortality and its predictors, is highly important for transplant centers. The aim of this study is to explore the possible influence of the quality of life, depressive symptoms, optimism, self-efficacy, and medical data on survival among heart transplant recipients over a five-year observational period. Material and methods: 131 heart transplant recipients were included in this study. Psychological functioning and quality of life were assessed using self-reported measures (Beck Depression Inventory, Life Orientation Test, General Self Efficacy Scale, and World Health Organization Quality of Life). Clinical data were obtained from an electronic health record. Results: During a median follow-up of five years, 24% of patients died. The occurrence of vascular graft disease increased the risk of death twofold in the population studied (HR = 2.17 [1.066, 14.446], p = 0.032). In the patients diagnosed with heart failure on the NYHA scale, the risk of death for patients with a NYHA rating of II–IV was twice as high (HR = 2.18 [1.043, 4.578], p = 0.037) compared with a NYHA rating of I. Conclusions: Neither the quality of life nor psychological factors were associated with five-year survival. Only coronary artery vasculopathy and having a higher NYHA scale rating following heart transplantation were independently predictive of five-year mortality among heart transplant recipients.

13

Шаблоны выживания: брачная миграция женщин из стран СНГ в Южную Корею

86%

Yem N.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

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2018

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vol. 1

143-152

EN

The paper is based on the theoretical assumption that the use of the word ‘survival’in the context of international migration can characterize the main problems associated withsettling and adapting to life in Korea. The author pursues the goal to reveal social representations,processes of psychological nature, the changed states of consciousness of women who aremarriage migrants from the countries of the post-Soviet space to South Korea. To realize thisgoal, the author conducted an analysis of the content of the Internet forum of Russian-speakingwomen. The information blocks which predetermine the perception of the surrounding realityand cultivated stereotypes were identified. The research was carried out within the frameworkof interdisciplinary analysis using historical-cultural and comparative-typological methods, aswell as methods of cognitive linguistics, semiotics and statistical analysis.

14

NIEZRÓWNOWAŻONY ROZWÓJ CYWILIZACJI POSTINDUSTRIALNEJ ZE WZGLĘDU NA RYZYKO I SZANSĘ NA PRZEŻYCIE

86%

Sztumski W.

Eunomia – Rozwój Zrównoważony – Sustainable Development

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2020

|

issue 2(99)

9-18

EN

The article includes the author's considerations on risk of survival and chance to survive of \ individual persons and the human species in conditions of progressive environmental degradation because of the progress of post-industrial civilization, especially the Western one. The development of this civilization is driven by the rapid advances in knowledge and technology, but above all by activities for maximum economic growth and its derivatives - unlimited growth in production, sales and consumption. So, naturally, it is accompanied by excessive destruction of natural resources and degradation of the natural environment, as well as of degradation of the social, cultural and spiritual environment. On the one hand, the consequence of the progress of Western civilization is the growing threat to human health, and thus the increasing risk of survival. On the other hand, thanks to this progress, they improve living conditions and comfort as well as the possibilities of curing many diseases; thus, they increase the chances to survive. The problem, however, is that this increase in risks and chances is not equivalent as they appear many more threats than chances. As a result, this imbalance is getting bigger. Political and economic decision-makers, who can hardly be suspected of a lack of knowledge about environmental threats, are primarily driven by profit maximization and therefore they ignore the appeals from environmentalists. Therefore, since the last decades of the twentieth century, it progress the development of "economic society". It is made up of individuals called "Homo oeconomicus" - fanatical followers of God Mammon. There are serious concerns that it will soon end either with the extinction of humanity or with the collapse of Western civilization. And what happens depends on whether further social evolution will follow economic or other (cultural or ecological) criteria, whether the most important goal will be to improve the quality of life and enrichment, or to delay the extinction of humanity as a result of the transformation of "economic society" into "Cultural society"

15

“My Monster Self”: Violence and Survival in Margaret Atwood’s Moral Disorder

86%

Fakhrshafaie N., Bahremand A.

Text Matters: A Journal of Literature, Theory and Culture

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2021

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issue 11

263-278

EN

Margaret Atwood’s novels are usually celebrated for their blunt feminism. However, in Moral Disorder-a series of interconnected stories that forms a novel-feminist concerns are replaced with worries about territory and survival. The protagonist is an insider whose sole concern is to survive and to protect her territory. The confrontation between the narrator as the insider and the outsiders does not occur directly but could be inferred by her cruelty toward other characters and her violence against the animals under her care. The present study argues that this cruelty, which abounds in the novel, could be viewed as a substitute for violence against the outsiders. The narrator’s gaze at the Indian boy who entered the protagonist’s territory manifests a garrison mentality. The frequent references to axes in the novel are compared to the use of axes in “Wilderness Tips,” a short story by Atwood in which axes also have a metaphoric significance. The beheading and dismemberment of domestic animals could be the punishment awaiting the intruder. The novel establishes a division between the insider/outsider, here/there, self/other and civilized/barbaric to call for action and awareness about the importance of protecting one’s territory.

16

Survival and ontology: a tentative genealogy of survival in gaming and contemporary philosophy

86%

Janoščík V.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2023

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vol. 71

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issue Special_issue_1

156-178

EN

In the popular computer game with the succinct title Raft one continually recovers items and material from the ocean in order to adapt a makeshift vessel, building it to unseen dimensions. As in many other games, survival is experienced as casual and amusing gameplay. In desperate isolation, one is flooded with an overabundance of stuff, mirroring our present consumerist capitalism. This can be taken not only as a symptom of the current atmosphere of dystopian realism and mainstreaming of the survival genre, but also as a productive hint or allegory for philosophy. The seemingly inhuman and desolate ocean is full of things and potential. This is a potential that should of course be extended beyond the primitive accumulation of the Raft, because survival is prevalent not only in pop culture and gaming; we can find it to a similar degree also in contemporary philosophy. We can also categorize the poetic survivalism of new materialist thinkers (Donna Haraway, Rosi Braidotti), “thirst for annihilation” (Nick Land), theorization of current situation as a form of civil war (Alliez and Lazzarato), the (cosmic) pessimism of other speculative thinkers (Quentin Meillassoux, Ray Brassier, Eugene Thacker) or even the pop catastrophism of some ooo proponents (Timothy Morton). In gaming as well as in contemporary thinking, the demand to address the dystopian contours of our time are demands for ontology. Rather than presenting a criticism of these games and theories, we can frame them within such an economy and demand for ontology.

17

Emotions in Narratives of Holocaust. The Example of "The Journey" by Ida Fink

72%

Jaskóła E.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio N – Educatio Nova

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2017

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issue 2

EN

The author of this article analyses I. Fink’s novel The Journey, using the methodology of cultural analysis, to be precise: one of its subfield – emotion research by A. Wierzbicka. This literary interpretation was inspired by cultural linguistic research, which shows that the way people express emotions depends on one’s cultural as well as language background. Those research gave the author of this article an idea to see how to interpret certain emotional situations in Fink’s novels: how they are articulated and what are the consequences of some “games” in life-threatening situations during the time of Holocaust. The article leads to the conclusion that there is a necessity of teaching students (starting from the primary school to higher levels of education) that the way emotions are expressed and experienced depends on one’s culture, language, and culturally-shaped existential experience.

PL

Autorka przedstawiła analizę powieści I. Fin pt. Podróż w kontekście kulturowych badań emocji prowadzonych przez A. Wierzbicką. Podstawę dla refleksji literaturoznawczej stanowią kulturowe badania językoznawcze, które pokazują zależności między sposobem artykułowania emocji a kulturowym zapleczem ludzi mówiących danym językiem. Badania te podsunęły autorce artykułu pomysł oglądu sytuacji emocjonalnych zapisanych w powieści I. Fink, sposobu ich artykulacji i konsekwencji wynikających z podejmowania swoistych „gier” w sytuacji zagrożenia życia w czasach Zagłady. Konkluzją opracowania jest stwierdzenie konieczności uwrażliwiania młodzieży szkolnej na zjawisko, które można by określić mianem „językowego obrazu emocji”, który jest uzależniony od kultury, w jakiej wychowują się użytkownicy danego języka oraz związanymi z nią doświadczeniami egzystencjalnymi.

18

IMPACTOS DE LA MODERNIDAD: LOS EXCLUIDOS DEL PROGRESO

72%

CATTA L. E.

Revista del CESLA. International Latin American Studies Review

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2012

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issue 15

189-228

ES

La ciudad de Foz do Iguaçu, ubicada en el extremo oeste del Es¬tado de Paraná, tuvo un rápido proceso de transformación entre los años de 1975 y 1992. Procurando incluir aquella lejana localidad al territorio nacional, así como ejercer el control absoluto en la llamada “triple frontera” (Brasil, Paraguay y Argen¬tina), los gobiernos militares impusieron una serie de proyectos de modernidad, como el de la construcción de la Represa de Itaipu, la apertura y fomento de un intenso co¬mercio en la zona fronteriza con Paraguay y apoyo al desarrollo del turismo. Estos proyectos producirían grandes impactos en la ciudad, principalmente en el área urbana que fue remodelada desde las perspectivas técnicas, sin tomar en consideración la opinión de los habitantes, atrayendo a miles de personas que creían encontrar allí em¬pleo y mejor calidad de vida. Este trabajo procura exponer el desorden que se instauró en Foz do Iguaçu, sobre todo la emergencia de un gran número de gente pobre, que se instalaba en el centro de la ciudad, adoptando muchas estrategias para sobrevivir, al mismo tiempo que se concebía por la clase dominante como “clase peligrosa”.

EN

The city of Foz do Iguaçu, located in the far west of the state of Paraná, went through a rapid process of transformations between the year of 1964 and 1992. The military governments, in the search to include the remote area into national territory and exercise absolute control over the so called Tri-Border Area (Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina), imposed a series of modernity projects, among which the construction of the hydroelectric power plant of Itaipu, the opening and encouragement of intense commerce at the Paraguayan border, and the support of the development of tourism. Such projects caused significant impacts on the municipality, principally in the urban zone which was remodeled according to a primarily technical approach and disregarding the local population. The modernization also attracted thousands of people in search of jobs and better quality of life in the area. The present study aims to show the disorder established in Foz de Iguaçu, and particularly the worrying situation of a si¬gni¬ficant poor population that, adopting innumerous survival strategies, has occupied the central parts of the city while being considered a “dangerous class” by the dominant local social classes.

19

THE PRINCIPLE OF BALANCE BETWEEN TRUST AND SUSPICION. (SOZOLOGY OF FAITH IN STRUGGLE FOR SURVIVAL IN ENDANGERED ENVIRONMENT)

72%

Sztumski W.

Eunomia – Rozwój Zrównoważony – Sustainable Development

|

2020

|

issue 2(99)

163-176

EN

Recently, people are more aware of the horrible consequences of environmental threats. Therefore, surviving in an increasingly dangerous environment has become a priority. One can it explore in various aspects, among others from the point of view of faith, believing and mistrust. This is what environmental philosophers should deal with. In the article, the author, the founder of social sozophilosophy, presents his reflections on the role of faith in saving the environment from a rapidly progressing destroying, which, if not be stopped or at least limited, will inevitably lead to the collapse of the human species. Degradation of the environment is not the only cause of the end of humanity. There are several other causes: world war, the use of weapons of mass destruction, collisions with celestial bodies, pandemics, lack of drinking water, global warming etc. The author understands faith in a broad sense2 - in religious dimension as faith in God as well as in the secular dimension as trust in people. In faith, he sees one of the important factors, which could help to the survival of humanity in the conditions of unrestrained degradation of the natural, social and spiritual environment, powered by the system of "inhuman capitalism". (Francis 2017) This system has lead to the depreciation of faith and mutual trusting. He sees a possible way out of this terrible situation in the development of re-evaluation of religious faith, the restitution of mutual trust and the implementation of the sozology of faith. Finding a way to stop further degradation of environment and thus to ensure the survival of our species has become an urgent challenge for the present and the next generation. One says they are to be the last ones that can yet effectively act to protect the environment and extend human existence on Earth. Otherwise, irresponsible and unsustainable development of knowledge, technology and economy will accelerate the decline of the humankind. In the introduction, the role of faith in the life and functioning of individuals and communities is indicated. The first chapter contains comments on the concept of faith and the change of its manifestations because of biological and social co-evolution. The second chapter is devoted to the analysis of the state of the environment, mainly social and spiritual, because ecologists are much more interested in the state of the natural environment. The third chapter concerns the ecology of faith and the sozology of faith. The author justifies the need to undertake more intensive research and activities to protect faith in the religious and secular dimension. Above all, he calls upon religious economic and political decision-makers to be guided by religious and church dictates in making their decisions concerned the environment. In the final reflection, he emphasizes the importance of faith and its potential in preventing violations of the social order and spoiling the homeostasis of social mechanisms. The point is to stop the development of a civilization of hypocrisy, lies and distrust. Religious faith must be appreciated and confidence in other people and institutions restored as they help people survive in times of environmental disasters, armed conflicts, economic crises, neoslavery and pandemics.

20

Demography of small and medium enterprises in Belarus

72%

Kolesnikova I.

Nierówności społeczne a wzrost gospodarczy

|

2021

|

issue 67

71-83

PL

Demografia biznesu to ważna podstawa informacyjna do podejmowania strategicznych decyzji biznesowych. Pozwala organom instytucjonalnym na optymalne dostosowanie polityki w zakresie rozwoju przedsiębiorczości w gospodarce narodowej w takich obszarach jak rozwój regionalny, zatrudnienie, bezrobocie, edukacja, źródła finansowania małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw, polityka innowacyjna, uproszczenie procedur biurokratycznych, itp. Wskaźniki demografii przedsiębiorstw, odzwierciedlając dostosowywanie struktur gospodarczych do zmieniających się warunków rynkowych, charakteryzują dynamikę rozwoju gospodarczego. Ponadto pozwalają ocenić możliwy wkład, jaki mogą wnieść nowo utworzone przedsiębiorstwa w rozwiązanie problemu bezrobocia poprzez tworzenie nowych miejsc pracy. Jednocześnie organizacja jest postrzegana przede wszystkim jako wspólnota ludzi, a optymalizacja kapitału jest prezentowana jako element uzupełniający do optymalizacji zatrudnienia. W opracowaniu oprócz analizy klasycznych wskaźników demografii biznesu, takich jak aktywność przedsiębiorstw, „narodziny”, „śmierć”, „przetrwanie”, zaproponowano nowy wskaźnik: naturalny wzrost liczby organizacji na Białorusi, liczony zarówno ogółem, jak i według rodzaju działalności gospodarczej. Wykorzystano model regresji, który ujawnił zależność między zmianami demografii biznesu a zatrudnieniem. Badanie pozwala na wypracowanie rekomendacji dla działań w zakresie rozwoju przedsiębiorczości. Zestaw działań wspierających przedsiębiorczość staje się integralną częścią polityki gospodarczej kraju, ważnym czynnikiem zwiększającym poziom „przetrwania” przedsiębiorstw i zwiększającym udział organizacji „szybko rozwijających się”. Przyczynia się to do osiągnięcia celów zrównoważonego rozwoju. Stymulowanie rozwoju i wspieranie małego biznesu, który potrafi szybko reagować na zmiany warunków rynkowych, pomoże zapewnić gospodarce „koronawirusowej” niezbędną elastyczność, co jest szczególnie ważne w kontekście COVID-19.

EN

Business demography is an important information basis for making strategic decisions in the business area. This allows institutional bodies to optimally adjust their policies regarding the development of entrepreneurship nationally in such areas as regional development, employment, unemployment, education, sources of financing for small and medium-sized businesses, innovation policy, simplification of bureaucratic procedures, etc. Business demographic indicators characterise the dynamics of economic development through the adaptation of economic structures to changing market conditions. In addition, they assess the potential contribution that new start-ups can make to the important employment problem through job creation. At the same time, the organisation is primarily seen as a community of people, and capital optimisation is presented as an addition to the optimisation of people. In the study, in addition to analysing the classic indicators of business demography such as the activity population of enterprises, “birth”, “survival” (up to five years after birth), “death”, etc., a new indicator was proposed for implementation: the natural increase rate in the number of organisations in Belarus calculated both for the economy and for the types of economic activity. The study will help to develop recommendations for developing measures in the field of entrepreneurship development using a regression model that identifies the relationship between changes in business demographics and employment. A set of measures to support entrepreneurship are becoming an integral part of national economic policy, a powerful factor in increasing the level of “survival” of enterprises and increasing the share of “fast-growing” organisations. This contributes to the achievement of sustainable development goals. Stimulating development and support for small business, with the ability to quickly respond to changes in market conditions, will help provide the “coronavirus” economy with the necessary flexibility, an especially important factor in the context of COVID-19.

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