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EN
The article presents new approaches to the integration of companies in the transport and logistics services market. The methods of integrating companies in Russia are very relevant today, as they allow uniting the efforts of organizations in this market. Integration of companies into unincorporated associations will allow not only reducing transaction costs, but also costs for the development of transport and logistics infrastructure.
EN
The paper explores the significance of the Chinese concept of harmony (he, xiehe) for establishing a stable and efficient global governance. The author assumes that to meet demands of the emerging global community this concept should be assessed in the context of two other important notions: “commonality” (yong) and “similarity” or “sharing” (tong). The merging of these concepts has been a real basis of the Chinese tradition and it can serve as a foundation of a new global order based on the principle of synergy.
PL
Communicology as a universal design is shown here as a phenomenon/process which can be accessed from a number of ‘portals’. Communicology as a design is defined as pluripotent and composed of five sphere-shaped components which contain universal and specific content. The content is assumed to embrace the totality of human communicative practices. The exposition of the content of the paper is presented in the form of summative schematics.
EN
Research background:  Interfunctional coordination (IFC) is a part of market orientation and at the same time an approach which helps to improve cooperation between different departments or functions in a company. Market orientation is an approach aimed at external and internal elements and activities leading to performance increase. Services offered by a manufacturer are activities complementing their products. Manufacturers can benefit from the service differentiation and use it to design alternative marketing strategies. Generally, IFC and services - contributes to higher positive effect on business performance. For this reason, it is interesting to know if synergy of IFC and services have a higher positive effect on business performance. Purpose of the article: This article aims to determine how IFC and services at manufacturing companies in the Czech Republic influence business performance. The research question is as follows: Does the synergy of IFC and services in companies producing electrical equipment and electronic components have a higher positive effect on business performance? Methods: Sixty SME?s filled in a questionnaire to gather information about IFC and services. For measurement of correlation for two variables, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was chosen. Regression analysis was used for measuring the synergy. Findings & Value added: The main finding shows that the synergy of the quantities observed has not been confirmed, although some of the following relations were approved such as a positive relationship between: a) some items of IFC and items of business performance, b) some items of services and items of business performance and c) items of IFC and items of services. The result of the paper shows further consequences of IFC and services in today's manufacturing companies.
EN
The purpose of the publication is to indicate the need for a well thought-out combination of quantitative marketing research with qualitative research. The result of this research approach should be a fuller understanding of the research problem and the ability to interpret results more closely, while maintaining the reliability of the whole research process. In the theoretical part of the article, the essence of quantitative and qualitative research, with particular emphasis on the limitations and strengths of both research approaches, is presented. The increasing popularity of qualitative research does not absolve researchers from the prudent attitude towards the whole marketing research process − including the need to verify hypotheses or research questions. Excessive simplification in the approach to qualitative research can distort the essence of marketing research. In the empirical part of the article, the authors presented an example of combining quantitative marketing research with qualitative research − for this purpose, the results of their research will be used (scientific grant from National Science Centre). The CAPI technique (n = 1103) was used in the quantitative study, and observation diaries (n = 110) were used for qualitative research.
EN
Although the subject of synergy has been explored for a long time, there are many indications that it is still gaining in importance, in the field of economics. The phenomenon of synergy seems particularly important in the field of M&A’s, alliances and the development of new organizational forms of enterprises. Synergy effects are most often evaluated from the operational and very rarely in the strategic, structural perspectives. The aim of the article is to identify and systematize the most important perspectives for synergy effect evaluation in the process of strategic analysis. The identified perspectives will be the starting point of the further research on criteria selection for synergy effects evaluation and will be one of the components of a more complex framework of the process of resource analysis. The research was conceptual, based on a literature review in the fields of methodology of strategic analysis, strategic management and Resource-Based View (RBV) approach. The identification of the structural conditions for synergy effect evaluation, requires focusing on: the subjective scope of the synergy effect analysis, key areas of strategy content and context, with the important role of strategic resources.
XX
Companies are currently producing and processing larger and larger amounts of data that they were not able to effectively process and subsequently use in the management of company pro-cesses in the past. There are several technologies and tools for the analytical processing and evaluation of diverse data, such as the Big Data technology. The Industry 4.0 concept (which is closely linked with the IoT) will bring an enormous growth of produced data into the company sphere. The information value of such data can signifi cantly affect managing and decision-making processes in a company. Here, we can see a synergy between man and technology where each infl uences the other. The purpose of this paper is to support the following statement: in the present business environment, we are facing the transformation of a company that, for effi cient management and decision-making, needs: a) to capture and process all available data; b) to implement new tools into strategic decisions; and c) to integrate data through a single system. This article describes the possibilities of deploying the effi cient use of new technologies (Big Data, Industry 4.0, and IoT) in management.
EN
The aim of this article is to provide a theoretical ground about teacher self-construction that is in harmony with his/her capabilities, natural environment, and society. The article initially considers the Blondelian philosophy of action as a specific philosophical view that forms an approach for teacher education: the primary concepts of action and synergy help consider the ontological dynamism of human life and its unavoidable conditions. In particular, the work on teacher prejudgements, considered as a system of conditions, is central in teacher education, as it represents a central and unavoidable condition. This reference to "conditions" is then articulated, in the specific case of teacher education, as the need to study the phenomenon of prejudgements, which can be considered the first step towards a greater awareness of educational and cultural skills. The third step of the article consists in "translating" these main issues of the philosophy of action into the idea of a performative process in the education of the teacher. According to philosophy of action, the article shows the performative character of teacher education processes, which is based on the pursuit of goals by activating all personal capacities.
EN
One of the marketing's dynamically growing branches is the place marketing. More and more settlement realise the importance of it and use its instruments. The following research paper is about place marketing. Out of the three main target groups of the place marketing, we focus on tourists and examine their decision-making process and attitude.Purpose – The aim of this article is to recognize the psychological factors, mainly the decision-making process and the attitude which influence the tourist’s choice.Methodology – The main purpose is to compare three consumer decision-making models using own research theme. The authors go through the importance of attitude in the decision-making process, different definitions, functions and how they are linked to tourist behaviors. It is crucial to see these decision-making processes because it is indispensable to explore the present consumer needs for the development of the society.Findings – By the report, we gain an overview on the psychological factors behind the decision-making of one target group of the place marketing.Value – It can be noticed that it is necessary to constantly follow the changes of consumer’s decision-making process and attitude since they change from time to time as well as the travel behaviour. At the exploration of the potential tourist’s decision-making process, it is important to note that the information source has a decisive role in the process. This work gives an insight into a target group of settlement marketing and the psychological factors behind the decision-making of the tourists. Knowing this information is indispensable for any settlements wishing to develop.
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EN
Purpose – This paper aims to explore the main characteristics of the home cinema as well as to study the various influences on the choices regarding watching movies at home. All the while the paper also seeks the answer to find out what opportunities could be pursued for the sake of leading the consumers back to the legal territory.Methodology – Apart from the literature review, the study contains a secondary research that was conducted by collecting torrent tracker data from an aggregating website for a five-year period, from which the user base data was separated and highlighted.Findings – The paper presents an overview of some literature regarding movie consumption and points out the main classical behavior tropes that are also applicable to the case of watching movies as well as some potential alternative method – which could prove to be viable even with users who commonly tend to use illegal downloads to obtain movies – that could switch up the current ones.Research limitations – The goal is to expose the main theoretical correlations, while the primary research is not part of the paper, thus, further primary research is needed in the future to provide more insight into the thought process behind the choices of movie consumers.Value –  The paper explores the movie related decision making process as well as it tries to gain an understanding about the main mechanisms behind movie industry related phenomena.Classification – Conceptual paper.
EN
Purpose – Companies engage in various relationships with external stakeholders to create attractive offerings. The purpose of this study is to describe the most common business collaboration concepts, and compare their characteristics. The concepts are evaluated in terms of their implications for companies, particularly in innovation and NPD collaboration contexts.Design/Methodology/Approach – This study is based on the literature findings on common business collaboration concepts, analyses of their characteristics, and an evaluation of implications from a  company’s perspective.Findings – The main characteristics of business network, business cluster, triple helix, keiretsu, business ecosystem, and innovation hub concepts are identified in terms of members, goals, coordination, boundaries, change dynamism, the nature of relationships, the role of knowledge, and competitors. The key implications for companies with emphasis on innovation and NPD are provided.Research Limitations/Implications – This research is based only on literature findings and related analyses. Due to the nature of the study, many collaboration concepts are covered, which makes in-depth analysis difficult. Practical Implications – This study clarifies the characteristics of most common business collaboration concepts. The key implications for a  company include the need for interaction with various external stakeholders to enhance innovation, opportunities and access to important resources, and the need to prepare for network changes.Originality/Value – While many collaboration concepts are utilized in contemporary business literature, their use in scientific research varies, and the concepts have not been analyzed and compared together yet.
EN
The paper examines the ways in which business clusters contribute to an accelerated development of what are called problem regions. The author illustrates her theoretical analysis with examples of selected regions whose economic development has been accelerated by the establishment of production clusters. The adopted method of research includes an analysis of the selected aspects of economic theory and selected case studies of business clusters around the world. Specifically, the paper focuses on the American state of Arizona as a region with a developed market economy; the southern Indian state of Karnataka as a developing region; Scotland as a region excessively dependent on declining industry; and Slovenia as a region in the process of economic transformation. Business clusters are currently the most mature form of business organization that increases the probability of favorable economic effects in a problem region, the author says. Favorable economic effects generated by business clusters include economic cooperation and integration, external scale effects, internal synergy effects, as well as the multiplier and accelerator effects. All these effects improve the competitiveness of cluster members and consequently also of the host region, leading to accelerated economic development in the area.
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2013
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vol. 20
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issue 3
25-30
PL
Coraz więcej sieci detalicznych w branży spożywczej decyduje się na rozszerzenie dystrybucji o kanał elektroniczny, upatrując w tym szansy na osiąganie efektów synergicznych. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie, w jaki sposób integracja sieci detalicznej z kanałem e-commerce w obszarze działań logistyczno-marketingowych, systemu informatycznego oraz infrastruktury może przyczynić się do osiągania tych efektów, tworzyć nową wartość dla konsumentów i tym samym podnosić konkurencyjność sieci.
EN
There has been a common practice recently, that food retailers decide to go online, in order to achieve synergy. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate advantages of integrating traditional food retail chains with e-commerce channel, forming so called “e-groceries”. The synergistic effects are observed in many areas of integration, such as logistics, marketing, technological infrastructure, etc. This paper explains how these effects can result in creating new value for customers, which leads directly to the higher competitiveness of the integrated chains.
EN
The goal of the paper is to explicate the role of ensuring synergy in crisis management from the perspective of management theory and practice. It highlights the role of non-governmental organisations – such as Volunteer Fire Departments – within the crisis management system, and their impact on ensuring synergy effect in rescue operations undertaken by the National Firefighting and Rescue System. Based on the research findings obtained, an attempt was made to identify the negative factors that may limit the activity of the Volunteer Fire Department operations, which may translate into a reduction of the synergy effect in the functioning of the executive subsystem, and thus limit of the possibilities to provide assistance in emergency situation that threaten life, health, property and the natural environment.
PL
Celem artykułu jest wyjaśnienie – z perspektywy teorii i praktyki zarządzania – znaczenia zapewnienia efektu synergii w zarządzaniu kryzysowym. Wskazano na rolę organizacji pozarządowych, jakimi są Ochotnicze Straże Pożarne, w systemie zarządzania kryzysowego oraz ich wpływ na zapewnienie efektu synergii w działaniach ratowniczych podejmowanych przez Krajowy System Ratowniczo-Gaśniczy. W oparciu o wyniki przeprowadzonych badań podjęto próbę zidentyfikowania czynników mogących prowadzić do ograniczenia aktywności Ochotniczych Straży Pożarnych w działaniach ratowniczych, co może się przełożyć na zmniejszenie efektu synergii w funkcjonowaniu podsystemu wykonawczego, a tym samym – na ograniczenie możliwości niesienia pomocy w stanach nagłego zagrożenia życia, zdrowia, mienia i środowiska.
EN
The article analyzes the dissipative system of music education in the context of science synergy. The basic principles of synergetic music education, in general, coincide with the principle of self-actualization of humanistic pedagogy, when the synergetic approach to education and the person is understood as a holistic phenomenon, as a “return to oneself”.The attractors of synergy of music education are determined. The researcher examines the musical consciousness as a particular form of activity of the individual, society, culture and education. New educational concept of asymmetry of hemispheres of the human brain, where synergetics of education is the basis for the development of creative thinking is analyzed.It is proved that the development of music education, at the creative level,forms new horizons, creates new trends, influences understanding of scientific world through synergetic methodology, and promotes awareness of the personality changes. Pondering attractors of synergy of music education we singled out the theoretical modeling of the evolution of the world, the development of which is carried out by sequential changes creating its systems: society – culture – art – music, where culture is the attractor of society, art – of culture, and music is an attractor of art together with superattractor of evolutionary world. Interpenetration is reflected in the system of the comprehension of musical consciousness. Musical consciousness as a dissipative structure, synergetics is a special form of activity of the individual, society, culture, education. The research directed at the individual led to the analysis of the new educational concept of the asymmetry of the hemispheres of the human brain. We revealed the results of the hemispheres’ analysis, which leads to the unity of passive and active behavioral strategies, in a synergetic system of education which is the basis for the development of creative thinking. Hence the synergy does everything a flexible, open, multi-valued. Synergistic effect is a stimulating effect that comes from its own education, its own forces, and potencies.
EN
The important aspect of effective teaching of sport games is the use of such forms of teaching that accurately reflect real environment of a player in natural conditions of this game. Therefore, a need appears for an accurate diagnosis of competition conditions in action sport game. The aim of the study was to observe offensive group actions (assessment of synergies) creating situations to score. Football players` performances were observed in 45 games including UEFA Champions League and Europe League. Their actions were observed in the following situations: certain, uncertain and risky. The following conclusions can be drawn from the obtained results: 1. A high level of synergy dominates when the highest purposes of attacking are involved. 2. A high level of synergy increases with the difficulty of situational tasks. 3. Because of multi-subjective nature of a team game, the training process of a player should also affect his mental sphere.
17
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Content available

M&A market in current conditions

63%
EN
The article is devoted to the researching and estimation of the forms of enterprise integration such as Merger and Acquisition (M&A). Also the tendencies of M&A market are analyzed, and particularities of their realization for national companies are noticed.
PL
Artykuł jest poświęcony badaniom i ocenie form łączenia przedsiębiorstw takich jak: fuzja, nabycie (M&A). Zawiera także analizę tendencji na rynku M&A, z uwzględnieniem specyfiki realizacji wyżej wspomnianych połączeń w odniesieniu do spółek państwowych.
EN
Purpose – Emerging customer needs are calling for companies to quickly create new solutions in business front-end e.g. in sales situation. However, bypassing predefined product development processes and thus product definition turns to be problematic and leads later problems in product management. The main objective is to study what kind of special issues is related on defining product data when rapidly productising products.Design/methodology/approach – This is a  qualitative case study including three descriptive company cases. The study is conducted to show special characteristics that occur when rapidly defining products and their product data.Findings – The results indicate that the practices to carry out rapid productisation (RP) are very company specific. However, three common forms for RP can be recognised. It can be concluded that product data management needs in the productisation process are dependent on product structure and an original customer order point (COP) of the products. This study analyses the link between COP and the type of module added in rapid productisation and how it affects the product data handled.Practical implications – By focusing the relevant product data companies can hasten rapid productisation and ensure sufficient product management during order-delivery process.Originality; The concept of rapid productisation itself is quite novel although acute issue in practice. This research gives empirical insight about essential product data aspects when rapidly productising a  new item.
PL
Proces komunikowania się pomiędzy ludźmi ma decydujące znaczenie dla określenia wszystkich procesów wpływających na zachowanie społeczne. Komunikowanie jest potrzebą wynikającą ze współdziałania nie tylko osób tworzących organizację, ale także całego społeczeństwa. Rozwój nowych technologii, a także nowoczesnej organizacji pracy, wynika z powstawania zarówno nowych przedsiębiorstw, jak i spółek. A zatem wzrasta zapotrzebowanie na pracowników, których cechuje umiejętność dostosowania do zaistniałych wymagań na rynku. Jedną z podstawowych umiejętności niezbędnych do prawidłowego i skutecznego funkcjonowania wszystkich form organizacji jest komunikacja, która determinuje sukces człowieka zarówno w życiu społecznym, jak i zawodowym.
EN
Communication is the most important and crucial to identify all of the processes influencing social behavior. Communication is the need arising from the interaction of not only people in the organization, but society in general. Development of new technologies and modern work organization result from the development of new enterprises and companies. Therefore, demand for workers, able to adapt to the changing requirements of the market, is increasing. One of the basic skills, needed for appropriate and effective functioning of all types of organization, is communication. It determines man’s success, both in social and professional life.
EN
The subject of the article is a study of epistemological synergy in the realm of the semiotics of a linguistic sign as exemplified by selected aspects of semiotic dimension of the work of linguists, which tends to be foreshadowed by their more spectacular achievements in formal linguistics. The study inscribes in the canon of linguistic semiotics, developed for many years in the research of Zdzisław Wąsik (e.g. 1996, 2017). The paper contains two types of research avenues: on the one hand, the study of some aspects of the work of linguists who are less popular among Polish-language academia (for example, Yishai Tobin, Julia Kristeva) and on the other, thoughts of well-known scholars, but considered here from an unusual perspective of their less cited works (Ferdinand de Saussure (1878-79) or Roman Jakobson (1973). Epistemological synergy, the analytical rotor for the presented discussion is understood as the way in which research conducted in one field can foster the development of related paradigms.
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest studium synergii epistemologicznej w domenie semiotyki znaku językowego na przykładzie niektórych aspektów semiotycznego wymiaru dzieła językoznawców, często przesłanianego przez ich bardziej spektakularne teorie językoznawstwa formalnego. Badanie wpisuje się w kanon semiotyki językoznawczej, rozwijany od wielu lat w pracach Zdzisława Wąsika (np. 1996, 2017). Do bazy analitycznej wybrałam omówienia dwojakiego rodzaju: zarówno przykłady dzieł językoznawców mniej popularnych wśród polskojęzycznej akademii (na przykład Yishai Tobin, Julia Kristeva), jak i przykłady myśli naukowców bardzo znanych, ale rozważanych z nietypowej perspektywy ich mniej cytowanych dzieł (Ferdynand de Saussure (1878-79), Charles Morris czy Roman Jakobson (1973). Główną tezę artykułu ‒ synergię epistemologiczną ‒ rozumiem jako uwypuklenie sposobu, w jaki badania prowadzone w jednej dziedzinie wspierały rozwój pokrewnych paradygmatów.
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