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EN
In order to ascertain that law plays its assumed functions properly, a number of conditions have to be fulfilled. The first of them is to apply law in a manner ensuring its axiological and instrumental consistency. The second one is to create conditions for the proper functioning of law. The third one is a certain level of social acceptance for the existing law. The condition of the tax law in Poland is clearly unsatisfactory. A quite precise diagnosis of the status quo has been conducted in the available literature. Directives concerning the actions meant to lead to its substantial improvement have been formulated. However, studies on this issue have not met with any response from the decision-making centres in the country. The present article is an attempt to synthesise all the aspects covered by the topic of the article.
Path of Science
|
2016
|
vol. 2
|
issue 3(8)
2.74-2.81
UK
У статті узагальнено наукові підходи та практичний досвід щодо теоретично-організаційних основ податкового регулювання промислових підприємств. Виявлено основні проблеми в системі податкового регулювання, досліджено методи податкового регулювання великих платників, та обґрунтовано можливість стимулювання діяльності підприємств за напрямами диференціації податкових ставок, застосування податкових пільг та податкового кредиту.
EN
This article summarizes the scientific approaches and practical experience in theoretical and institutional framework of fiscal management industry. The basic problems in the fiscal management system, the tax regulation methods of large taxpayers are shown. Opportunity is grounded to stimulate the enterprises activity in the directions of tax rates differentiation, tax exemptions and tax credit.
EN
The Supreme Administrative Court in the judgment discussed raised an important issue of the duration of a tax inspection at a microenterprise. The judgment clearly states that the tax authorities may not conduct such inspections that exceed the statutory time limits. Thus, the duration of an inspection with a taxpayer who is a microenterprise may not go over 12 working days consecutively. The inspection activities should be carried out in a continuous system. The duration of a tax inspection should also include the time when the inspectors are not actually present at the inspection site. An analysis of the law in force was carried out in preparing this commentary.
PL
Naczelny Sąd Administracyjny w glosowanym wyroku poruszył istotną kwestię czasu trwania kontroli podatkowej u mikroprzedsiębiorcy. Wskazano w nim jednoznacznie, że organy podatkowe nie mogą prowadzić kontroli u przedsiębiorców, przekraczając ustawowo wskazane limity czasu. Tym samym czas trwania kontroli u podatnika będącego mikroprzedsiębiorcą nie może przekroczyć kolejno następujących po sobie 12 dni roboczych. Czynności kontrolne winny być prowadzone w systemie ciągłym. Do czasu trwania kontroli należy wliczać również czas, gdy kontrolerzy faktycznie nie przebywali w miejscu kontroli. Przy sporządzaniu glosy autor wykorzystał metodę prawnodogmatyczną.
EN
Tax obligations use special protection of law security in order to guarantee carrying them out. Such a protection in Polish law is secured by an institution of carrying out obligations which is based on civil law. Its basic aim is to decrease the risk of a creditor, which is connected with not carrying out or not proper carrying out loads by a debtor. Tax law, taking as a role model solutions from civil law, uses its own securing institution which is regulated in the act of Tax Regulations. The securing performs accessory function according to execution itself, securing proceedings are proceedings special to executive proceedings. Tax regulations constitutes four possible forms (modes) of securing of carrying out tax obligations: securing tax payer's property in the form of executive proceedings regulations in administration, tacit mortgage, fiscal pledge and valid from 1 September this year form which is implemented by accepting by the tax organ, due to a motion of a party, securing of carrying out obligations described in a decision of a securing. The circumstances of establishing the securing will be certain activities of a person obliged to fulfill services. They can be established both before the deadline of tax paying (if the tax payer permanently does not pays demanded tax obligations or disposes the property in such a way that execution can be made difficult or impossible to carry out) and when the deadline of tax paying is already missed i.e when there is tax arrears.
PL
Podatek majątkowy to podatek którego wartość wylicza się na podstawie posiadanego majątku, czyli inaczej niż w większości innych podatków gdzie opodatkowany jest przyrost majątku. Na masę majątkową mogą się składać m.in. nieruchomości gruntowe, budynki, przedsiębiorstwa, nieruchomości rolne lub leśne. Przez taki podział majątku możemy wyróżnić miedzy innymi następujące podatki majątkowe: podatek rolny, podatek leśny, podatek od nieruchomości, podatek od środków transportowych, podatek od spadków i darowizn.
EN
Property tax is calculated on the basis of owned property. It is different from most other taxes where the increase in wealth is taxed. The property may consist of, among others, land properties, buildings, enterprises, agricultural real estate or forest properties. Due to such division of property type there are following property taxes: agricultural tax, forest tax, property tax, vehicle tax, and gift and inheritance tax.
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