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1
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Opinia w sprawie zasad wyznaczania początku kadencji członków Rady Polityki Pieniężnej

100%
Kubuj K.
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
|
2016
|
issue 2(50)
52-60
EN
According to the author, difference in opinions as to the method of determining the day of commencement of the term of office of members of the Monetary Policy Council (MPC), which appeared in the working practice of parliament, elucidates the discrepancy in interpretation of the regulations under which the dates of commencement of the term of office of individual members were determined. This fact creates an important reason for the need to regulate this matter by means of amendment of the Act on Narodowy Bank Polski [National Bank of Poland]. The solution, according to which the commencement of term of an MPC member occurs on the date of taking an oath before the appointing authority, would establish a rule for determining the date of commencement of the term to be applied in a uniform manner to all situations in which a new MPC member replaces his/her predecessor.
2
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Opinia prawna na temat utraty przez partie polityczne prawa do otrzymywania subwencji z budżetu państwa w myśl art. 38d ustawy z 27 czerwca 1997 r. o partiach politycznych

80%
Kubuj K.
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
|
2015
|
issue 2(46)
86-93
EN
The opinion emphasizes that the sanction of deprivation of the right to receive subsidies by political parties constitute an ailment resulting from the violation of legal standards concerning financial reporting of a political party for a calendar year. The Act on Political Parties provides for the possibility of different interpretations of Article 38d governing the reception of subsidies from the state budget by political parties. However, the author claims that a three-year period after which a political party loses the right to receive subsidies, runs irrespective of the termination or shortening of the term of the Sejm.
3
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Opinia prawna w sprawie odwoływania członków Rady Ochrony Pracy

80%
Czarny P.
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
|
2016
|
issue 2(50)
199-208
EN
The author argues that laconic regulation of the dismissal of members of the Labour Protection Council, in conjunction with the provisions specifying its composition and with the principle of personal discontinuation of parliament’s work, allows us to assume that the end of the term of the Sejm and the Senate may constitute a precondition for dismissal from membership of the Board of Deputies and Senators sitting in the chambers of previous term of office and for the appointment of their successors from among the members of parliament of a new term. The principle of rotation in the terms of office of the Labour Protection Council means that the Marshal of the Sejm may not dismiss its members at his/her own “discretion”. Because of such a flawed and unclear provisions of the Act on the National Labour Inspectorate, the existing law should, according to the author, be changed and supplemented.
4
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How long can the term of office of the Polish parliament last? A legal-constitutional analysis

70%
Litwin T.
Przegląd Politologiczny
|
2018
|
issue 3
155-165
EN
The main research aim of this article is an analysis of the length of the parliamentary term of office in Poland based on the analysis of legal rules. According to the art. 98 para. 1 of the Constitution, the parliamentary term of office starts on the day on which the Sejm assembles for its first sitting and ends on the day preceding the first assembly of the newly elected Sejm. Although the mentioned rule also expressly states that parliamentary term of office lasts 4 years, the length of the particular terms of office could be very different. If the parliamentary term of office is shortened, it could last even less than two months. If it is prolongated because of the introduction of the extraordinary measure, it could last approx. 5 years (in case of emergency state), or it maximal length can not be defined. Moreover, even in case of the “normal” terms of office they could have different length – slightly less than 4 years or longer than 4 years by even a few weeks. The presented considerations lead to the conclusion that there is need to make certain amendments of the rules of law concerning this area, which would ensure minimal 4 years length of the “normal” parliamentary term and regulate the organisation of the parliamentary elections after the termination of the extraordinary measure. Author analysed the legal rules basing on legal-dogmatic method and interpreted them by using such methods of their interpretation as: language-logical, teleological and systematic.
5
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Spór o tryb wyboru i kadencję Prezesa Trybunału Konstytucyjnego

70%
Szmyt A.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2016
|
issue 2(133)
9-28
EN
The article discusses procedures for election and term of offi ce of the President of the Constitutional Tribunal. The election procedure is discussed especially in the context of relations between the Constitutional Tribunal and the President of the Republic of Poland. The term of offi ce of President of the Tribunal is examined from the perspective of both the existing legal framework and the interruption of the current term. An analysis is based on constitutional regulations (constitutional acts of Polish People’s Republic since 1982, the Constitution of 1997), statutes (1985, 1997, 2015), draft amendments to existing regulations, appropriate proposals submitted to the Tribunal and the Tribunal’s judgments.
6

W sprawie dopuszczalności zakazu reelekcji wójta (burmistrza, prezydenta miasta) po piastowaniu urzędu przez dwie kadencje

51%
Skotnicki K.
Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne
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2018
|
vol. 24
7-17
EN
Te principle of direct election of mayors (presidents of cities) has been in force in Poland since 2002. At the same time, the idea of limiting the possibility of holding office for two terms has started. The analysis leads the author to the conclusion that in view of the laconic nature of the constitutional regulation of local elec­tions, such solution cannot be considered as contrary to the Constitution. The decision about who will act as the executive body of the commune should, however, belong to the inhabitants of the local government.
7
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Prawny wymiar ograniczenia kadencyjności organu wykonawczego gminy

51%
Kozłowski K.
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
|
2017
|
issue 1(53)
41-58
EN
In 2002 Poland introduced the principle of direct elections of executive bodies of municipalities. Currently there is a discussion regarding the possible limitation of holding this office to two terms. This article describes the legislative issues related to adoption of such a solution. The main part is devoted to the compliance of such a proposal with international standards, including the European Union law and the European Charter of Local Self-Government. Besides the author discusses national constitutional standards regarding election of local government bodies. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the proposed restriction is compatible with both all the above-mentioned legal orders.
8

Stosunki organizacyjne w obrocie

51%
Petraniuk J.
|
2016
|
vol. 26
|
issue 4
89-116
PL
Autor w artykule analizuje następujące zagadnienia: 1) organ jako element konstrukcji osoby prawnej; 2) umowa jako wyłączne źródło stosunku organizacyjnego; 3) charakterystyka umów rodzących stosunki organizacyjne oraz 4) ustanie stosunków organizacyjnych. Mandat i kadencja, zawarte w treści umów organizacyjnych, są pojęciami uniwersalnymi, które mogą zostać wyprowadzone z art. 369 kodeksu spółek handlowych. Nie oznacza to jednak możliwości stosowania nawet odpowiednio pozostałych przepisów kodeksu spółek handlowych do innych, niż spółki, typów osób prawnych.
EN
The Author in the article analyzes the following issues: 1) organ as part of the structure of a legal entity; 2) contract as the source of organizational relation; 3) characteristic of the contracts resulting in organizational relations and 4) cessation of the organizational relations. The mandate and the term of office, situated in the content of organizational contracts, are universal definitions, which can be derived from Article 369 of the Code of Commercial Companies. However, it does not mean the possibility to use, even adequately, other provisions of the Code of Commercial Companies concerning other than companies, types of legal entities.
9

Kadencja i mandat członka organu spółki kapitałowej

51%
Jugrew K.
Rejent
|
2023
|
issue 4 (384)
38-50
EN
The article is devoted to the functioning of a member of the governing body of a capital company. In particular, the issue of the term of office and the mandate held by him. These issues are regulated by the Code of Commercial Companies. Undoubtedly, the concepts of term of office and mandate are closely related. They are forms of the same phenomenon, which is the performance of duties and the exercise of the rights of a member of the management board. It should be emphasized that a person appointed to the management board begins his term of office and is granted the powers to perform the function of a management board member (mandate). In Polish law, the term of office of the management board is not always obligatory (e.g. in a limited liability company it is possible to appoint a member of the management board for an indefinite period). The mandate of a member of the management board arises when he or she is appointed to the composition of the management board in the manner specified in the articles of association. However, in the light of the views of the judiciary, it is permissible to renew the mandate per facta concludentia. The mandate expires as a result of death, resignation will also be dismissal of a member of the management board. The work also discusses disputes regarding the method of calculating the term of office of a member of the management board of a limited liability company. The dismissal of members of the management board is governed by the relevant provisions of the Commercial Companies Code.
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