Search results - CEJSH

1

Book review: Santana López, B. (2012). Lachen – Humor – Komik. Eine systematische Interkulturalitätsanalyse Deutsch und Spanisch. Berlin: Frank & Timme, 156 pp.

100%

Mueller R.

The European Journal of Humour Research

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2013

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vol. 1

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issue 3

EN

A book review of Lachen – Humor – Komik. Eine systematische Interkulturalitätsanalyse Deutsch und Spanisch. Berlin: Frank & Timme by Santana López, B.

2

Staropolskie i gwarowe świepioto na tle słowiańskiej terminologii bartniczej

63%

Kwaśnicka-Janowicz A.

Rocznik Slawistyczny

|

2015

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vol. 64

49-62

EN

This article discusses the semantics of the beekeeping term świepioto ‘a swarm of wild bees; the place where a swarm is staying’. The original meaning of this word ‘a swarm of wild bees’ is associated with the verb swepetati (Old Church Russian cвепетaти) ‘to swing oneself, to wobble’. The metonymic transfer ‘swarming of bees’ > ‘swarm of wild bees’ (there is a possibility of an etymological connection with the name of a bee slice, as a place of crowding for a swarm of bees) gave rise to the meaning ‘a place where the swarm is staying’, and even ‘wild honey’. These names were attested only in the lexis of North Slavs and their scope of usage is pointing to the North Slavic linguistic variant.

3

Terminologia nasycona kulturowo w przekładzie wietnamsko-polskim

54%

Nowicki B.

Investigationes Linguisticae

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2014

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issue 31

19-32

EN

This article is to explain the basic problems of interpreting Vietnamese culture-bound terminology. The author discusses terminology related to selected customs (including concluding marriages and funerals) as well as selected examples of culture-bound legal terminology. The aim of the apper is to make readers more sensitive to problems of interpreting Vietnamese texts in which words are composed of syllables which are separated with spaces. Therefore, it may be difficult to determine where one word ends, and the other starts in a sentence. The examples provided in the paper may serve as an exemple of potential problems encountered by Vietnamese non-native speakers.

PL

Artykuł dotyczy podstawowych problemów przekładu wietnamskiej terminologii zanurzonej kulturowo. Autor omawia terminologię dotyczącą wybranych zwyczajów (zawierania związków małżeńskich oraz pogrzebów). Celem pracy jest pokazania, że różnice językowe (fonetyczne i gramatyczne) oraz kulturowe w istotny sposób wpływają na proces przekładu, mogąc niedoświadczonego tłumacza zwieść na manowce. By móc skutecznie tłumaczyć teksty z języka wietnamskiego na polski konieczna jest dogłębna znajomość kultury i realiów obu obszarów językowych, gdyż bez niej poprawne zrozumienie komunikatu w wielu przypadkach jest niemożliwe.

4

Synonymie tzv. vodňanského lékařství

51%

Černá A.

Naše řeč (Our Speech)

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2013

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vol. 96

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issue 2

85-95

EN

The article deals with the manuscript called “Vodňany medicine” from the beginning of the 15th century. The text has specific language features, such as accumulation of lexical units relating to the same concept (especially in terms of plants, diseases, etc.). It examines whether these words are synonyms, and what words are used to connect them (the conjunctions točúš, tověz, nebo; the phrases to jest, druzí řiekají, slóve, etc.). It concludes by observing that the accumulation of synonymous words is significantly influenced by the fact that the text is based on the Latin original.

5

O konieczności relatywistycznego podejścia do oceny stopnia znormalizowania terminu

51%

Sztuk A.

Studia Translatorica

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2019

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issue 10

101-111

EN

The necessity to standardize terminology has recently become obvious. Positive aspects of applying standardized terms are emphasized not only by academic communities but also by business since it results in more effective communication and finally in life improvement in many aspects (e.g. free trade, free flow of goods and services). The main purpose of this paper is, however, not to highlight the advantages of terminology standardization per se but to answer the relevant scientific question related to it, namely, whether it is possible to estimate the standardization degree of a single term, and if so, what are the reference points of such an evaluation.

6

Apprivoiser la richesse des couleurs sur la palette du peintre, ou vers une liste terminologique des noms de couleurs

51%

Gostkowska K.

Romanica Wratislaviensia

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2016

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vol. 63

41-52

EN

Colour as a subject has led to numerous studies in various disciplines (such as physics, psychology, chemistry or history of art, to name a few). In the field of linguistics, the names of colours have been analysed from different points of view but all those works concerned mostly the words related to colours used in the general language. The aim of the present paper is to focus on the terms related to colours used in history of art texts, and to show the unexpected complexity of such terminology. After presenting the definitions of colour we will describe two different aspects of French terminology related to colour: firstly, the forms of terms from the point of view of their morphological and semantic motivation, and secondly, the cultural and historical reasons of such linguistic abundance and complexity of the colours’ terminology.

7

Das polnische StGB und seine Übersetzung ins Deutsche

51%

Kudłaj A.

Lingwistyka Stosowana / Applied Linguistics / Angewandte Linguistik

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2012

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issue 6

99-114

EN

Polish Penal Code and its translation into German

8

English for Special Purposes: Specialized Languages and Problems of Terminology

51%

Nagy I. K.

Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica

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2014

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vol. 6

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issue 2

261-273

EN

This paper deals with some aspects of English for professional purposes. After a short historical overview of theories related to LSP (language for special purposes), we focus on some of the linguistic peculiarities of English for Specific Purposes. Our aim is to make a synthesis of the main theories and debates upon the issue of specialized languages, as the number of articles and writings on the topic is tremendous. We also wish to make a brief presentation of the most important contributions (still, we have to admit that the list of authors and articles is much longer, we had to make a selection, due to the editorial limitations of this article). We have gathered and synthesized what authors like Cabré, Celce-Murcia, Crystal, Croitoru, Motos, Strevens and others have said and we have also tried to make a comprehensive list of the names given to specialized language or language for specific purposes over time. Still, we have to state that it is not our goal to come up with examples or conclusions regarding our own personal ESP experience and/or previous research. The goal of this present study is to make a synthesis of the theories and writings on the topic of English for specific purposes (i.e. metaelemzés/metaanalysis in Klaudy's words or szekunder kutatás/secondary research in Fóris's words).

9

Теория дискурса 6 поисках собственной идентичности

51%

КАШКИН В. Б.

Stylistyka

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2014

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vol. 23

133-138

EN

Discourse studies háve grown into a vast and mullifaceted domain of academie research. Vacillating belween interdisciplinary and eclectic, discourse studies spin around a certain common denominator which seems to be related to the very essence of discursive phenomena. Saussure, Benveniste, Harris, Humboldt and olhers had pinpointed the opposition of process vs. product, or language as it is vs. language in sociál environment, the latter being considered, e.g. by Halliday as its most natural statě and form ofexistence. Discourse studies in Russia háve evolved from multiple roots: text linguistics, psycholinguistics, stylistics, lexicology, etc. An interdisciplinary and integrational approach admits viewing discourse from both similarly “opposing” sides. Technically it is concatenating words into utterances, utterances into chains, unities, fragments, texts, etc. Functionally and effectively it is leading to new meanings being bom. The ensuing discursive effecl is a result of combining elements into a whole at some point of lime and place, by someone possessing certain sociál and individual characterislics, to achieve certain aims, etc. Discursive practices form a foundation for human praxis in generál. They serve for organizing, categorizing, archiving and interpreting human behavior.The duál nátuře of discourse might suggest a basis for dialogue and reconciliation between systemie and anthropocentrical approaches in linguistics, or even between Sciences and the humanities, in generál.

10

The Terminological Conundrum of Translation Studies. Toward a Polish Dictionary of Translation Terms

51%

Bogucki Ł.

Zagadnienia Rodzajów Literackich

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2017

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vol. 60

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issue 3 (123)

25-36

EN

The aims of this paper are as follows: to provide an outlook on the current state of Translation Studies as an academic discipline, including literary and non-literary approaches; to advocate the need for a terminological revision and up-to-date taxonomisation within Translation Studies, in Polish, English, as well as other major European languages; to describe an ongoing project that may eventually be a small step toward accomplishing the above.

11

Дослідження галузевих терміносистем в українському термінознавстві (2000–2015)

51%

Kochan I.

Studia Ucrainica Varsoviensia

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2017

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vol. 5

73-86

PL

The article presents research results of the Ukrainian studies terminology material collected in the period between 2000–2015. The author reviews abstracts of the Ukrainian terminology dissertations. The subject of the review are termsystems description tendencies, criteria of their formation assessment, their lingual and spoken peculiarities, as well as scientifi c fi elds processing degree and language improvement criteria. The goal is to analyze the above-mentioned abstracts, to evaluate diff erent aspects of termsystem descriptions as well as to fi nd out the degree of the processed scientifi c fi elds outlining a prospect for further research. Each scientifi c fi eld has its own establishment history, peculiarities of termsystem construction in themes and structure as well as advantages of one or another scientifi c language construction concepts and models. The material is provided by scientifi c vectors: science and technology terminology, economic, medical terminology, etc. Scientifi c areas that attract Ukrainian researchers and perspectives of the term analysis are indicated. Since 2000 until today, there have been defended more than 100 dissertations which describe nearly 50 scientific vectors.

12

Koncepcja idealnego terminu w świetle Słownika terminologii lekarskiej polskiej z 1881 roku

51%

Jankowiak L. A.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2015

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vol. 22

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issue 1

81-90

PL

The paper demonstrates attributes of an ideal term on the grounds of nineteenth century Polish medical terminology (names of disorders) from a Dictionary of Polish Medical Terminology by S. Janikowski, J. Oettinger and A. Kremer (Kraków 1881). In the first part of this dictionary, approximately 20 thousand foreign language entries are gathered (Latin, German, French, English) together with their Polish equivalents – from one to several records. The sequence of Polish terms assigned to the entries is not random: from the most to the less recommended. It means that the best terms (I call them ideal terms) come first in the synonymic line. And they are (totally 940) the subject of analysis in this paper. It results from the analysis that ideal terms are mostly: 1) native (98.4%); 2) of simple structure (comprising two elements at most – 89.3%); 3) syntactical derivatives (55.1%); 4) of non-specified origin; 5) sometimes having many meanings (12.2%); 6) relatively long-lasting, that means they generally last in the scientific terminology (74.9%) and - a little bit more rarely (more than 58%) – they keep their position of the ideal term; 7) compared to other terms in a synonymic line, in terms of the structure - frequently (65.5%) identical, that is comprising the same number of elements; 8) most frequently (41.7%) of common root – compared to other terms (all of them or just some of them) in a synonymic line.

13

Terminology in the Azerbaijani Press of the Independence Period (Terminological process in the azerbaijani press during the years of independence)

51%

Mamedova S.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

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2011

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vol. 2

427-433

EN

The authoress researches terminologies existing in the Azerbaijani press of the Independence period. She pays special attention to the shaping of terms, the terminological norm. She takes into account loanwords, the existence or lack of their equivalents in the Azerbaijani language. Abuses of certain terms in the press have been indicated, a concrete solution to remove them has been suggested. While carrying out the analysis of the lexical-grammatical composition of the language of the contemporary newspapers and magazines, the authoress refers to the history of the Azerbaijani press. On the basis of the analysis of facts the authoress indicates properties of the contemporary means of mass information that contribute to the enrichment of the terminological basis of the literary Azerbaijani language and accelerate its structural-semantic development. The authoress emphasizes the fact that the process of forming terms in the literary language has an escalated character.

14

Middle and Early Modern English Medical Recipes: Some Notes on Specialised Terminology

51%

Sylwanowicz M.

Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies

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2018

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issue 27/2

89-101

XX

One of the text-type features of a recipe is a certain degree of technical lexicon (cf. Görlach 2004). The aim of the present study is to compare the use and distribution of selected group of terms, here references to medical preparations, in Middle and Early Modern English recipe collections. Particular attention will be given to the factors responsible for the choice of terms. Also, we will concentrate on the rivalry between native and foreign lexical units.

15

Polska terminologia na oznaczenie hebrajskich nazw ofiar

51%

Łach S.

The Biblical Annals

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1970

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vol. 17

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issue 1

5-11

PL

Dans les livres de 1’Ancien Testament il y a trois espèces de noms pour désigner les sacrifices. Une espèce de ces noms comme qorbān (c. a d. offrande), qodāšîm (c. a. d. objets sacrés), ʼiššeh (offrande brûlée par le feu) ainsi que rēaḥ niḥôaḥ (c. a d. odeur apaisante [pour Jahvé] désigne tout sacrifice et constitue leur essence. La deuxième espèce de noms comme ʽōlāh et zebaḥ šelāmîm, ḥaṭṭā’t et ʼāšām désigne les différents genres de sacrifices. Les deux premiers noms ʽōlāh et zebaḥ šelāmîm devraient être exprimés le plus justement par cérémonie, dont l’un doit être considéré comme holocauste et l’autre comme un repas rituel; les deux autres termes ḥaṭṭā’t et ʼāšām doivent être compris comme noms d’un sacrifice expiatoire pour le péché ou pour une faute. Le troisième nom minḥāh signifiait d’abord tout sacrifice et plus tard fut restreint au seul sacrifice de farine.

16

Centre of Expertise for Dutch Terminology: A Digital Platform for Professional Language

51%

Steurs F.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

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2021

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issue 13

315-324

EN

When it comes to terminology, the Dutch-speaking regions have a long tradition of collaboration. Since the eighties there have been several partnerships and committees, all lead by the Dutch Language Union. There was a growing awareness that a central point was needed to bring together all information concerning Dutch terminology and to make it generally accessible. Since 2016, the Dutch Language Institute (INT) in Leiden manages and develops all Dutch language materials. The whole spectrum of language, including professional language, regional languages and dialects, is now given attention, making it no more than logical for the INT to accommodate the Centre of Expertise for Dutch Terminology (ENT). The main task of the ENT is to offer information, facilities, products and services in the field of terminology. Apart from that, research is done into the professional language of three specific fields: legal language, medical language and the language of higher education. In this article I will go deeper into the wide range of information supplied by the ENT, including specific software tools for terminological tasks. I will also describe several of the terminology projects that are being conducted at the Dutch Language Institute.

17

Collocations terminologiques et extraction automatique : une étude pilote dans le domaine du commerce électronique

51%

Calvi S.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

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2021

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issue 13

75-82

EN

This article concentrates on the automatic extraction of collocations, defined by the Explanatory and Combinatorial Lexicology as phraseological units composed by two elements – the base and the collocate. The aim of this article is to propose a methodology to follow in order to automatically extract collocations from a terminological corpus. This method takes into account different measures: the syntactic dependences between the items of the collocation, their frequency, their tendency to co-occur (PMI) and their specificity to the e-commerce domain. After having explained the theoretical framework, the methodology is illustrated using a pilot study of the French terminology of e-commerce. In the pilot study, data were extracted from a corpus made up of e-commerce texts, which are drawn from a larger corpus called DIACOM-fr, a corpus in the process of being built at the University of Verona within the project Digital Humanities Applied to Foreign Languages and Literatures. Data extraction was primarily done using two tools: Stanza a Python natural language analysis package developed by the Stanford NLP group and TermoStat an automatic extractor tool developed at the Observatoire de Linguistique Sens-Texte of the University of Montreal.

18

W poczuciu obywatelskiego obowiązku. Rzecz o gramatyce Antoniego Morzyckiego

51%

Decyk-Zięba W.

Poradnik Językowy

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2023

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vol. 802

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issue 3

99-111

EN

A study titled Rys grammatyki języka polskiego (Outline of the Polish grammar) was published in 1857. Antoni Morzycki, the author of the grammar book, was not a philologist by education, he wrote his study out of a sense of civic duty. He founded his concept on the dogma of the speech originating from the Word, as John the Evangelist wrote: “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.” The man received the Word as a gi from God. The author divides grammar into three sections: phonetics and phonology, the science of the word and clause, and spelling. He adopted parallelism of parts of speech and clause as one of the rules organising the grammatical description. The book evoked an intense reaction of his contemporaries.

19

The Relationship between Students’ Motivation for Studying Business English and Their Knowledge of Business English and Its Terminology

51%

Włosowicz T. M.

Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition

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2023

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vol. 9

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issue 2

1-26

EN

The study investigates the relationship between English Philology students’ motivation for studying Business English and their actual knowledge of business terminology, some underlying economic concepts and basic rules of business correspondence. It is hypothesized that students who have higher motivation also possess more extensive knowledge of Business English, yet motivation alone is not enough but must be accompanied by a real effort put in studying the language. The study consisted of a test focusing on business terminology, the correction of errors in a business letter, and a test of selected economic concepts, followed by a questionnaire. As the results show, both the students’ motivation and knowledge of Business English are varied. In particular, their knowledge varies between years of studies and areas of terminology or skills. In fact, some of the terms proved difficult even for relatively advanced students. Thus, even though motivation does play a role, its role does not seem to be decisive, as Business English is a complex field whose mastery requires extensive study and a lot of sustained effort. However, their awareness of their language needs is quite high, so they are likely to remain motivated and to attain a high level of competence in Business English.

20

Udział medycznych terminów zapożyczonych w XIX-wiecznych synonimach głównych (na materiale nazw chorób ze Słownika terminologii lekarskiej polskiej)

51%

Jankowiak L. A.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2014

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issue 11

159-167

EN

The ordering of the Polish medical terminology in the 19th century resulted in the release of the Dictionary of Polish Medical Terminology (Polish: Słownik terminologii lekarskiej polskiej) in 1881. The publication collected, among other things, synonymic series of Polish medical terms following the rule that the best term was listed as the first one, which in this paper, is referred to as the main synonym. The aim of the article is to present the frequency of instances when the main synonym is a borrowing. The analysis of 940 synonymic series concerning the names of diseases reveals that borrowings are rare in the analysed material (only 57 out of the 2,469 terms in the synonymic series). A borrowing (mainly from Greek and Latin) constitutes the main synonym only 15 times. The authors of the Dictionary preferred native terms despite the fact that foreign ones are usually more "economical" (e.g. with regard to their structure).

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