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EN
The influence of the Internet and of the newest information technologies on dissemination and development of literature is an indisputable fact. The Internet, by virtue of its omnipresence and the capacity to transfer information, is a modern place of popularization and promotion of literature, as well as the cheapest and the easiest form to publish. The more and more vividly discussed phenomenon of adaptation of the Internet for the needs of literature is the subject of the research presented in this paper, in which the author elaborates – on the example of selected German-language repositories, portals and literary magazines – on various forms and ways of dissemination of literature, literary criticism and publications on literature studies on the Internet. What is worth attention are the online literature repositories (e.g. Projekt Gutenberg-DE and Bibliotheca Augustana), portals devoted to individual eminent writers (Goethezeitportal and Kleist-Archiv Sembdner) and literary magazines (Literaturkritik. de and Berliner Literaturkritik), which are sites to publish reviews as well as academic texts. These projects are not only Internet-user-friendly and meant for laymen fascinated by the works of various writers but are also a new form for literary and academic publications. They prove that the Internet opens new prospects for popularization of literature, literary criticism and the discourse of literature studies
EN
Online virtual worlds are becoming important tools in foreign/second language instruction in view of the fact that they enhance learner motivation, promote autonomy and social presence in a 3D environment. Virtual worlds are a type of reality in which students can meet and communicate with other learners in the target language using text, voice or video as well as share ideas related to language learning. Furthermore, virtual worlds provide learners with the opportunity to take part in virtual language courses or lessons as well as visit places connected with the target language culture. The aim of the study reported in this paper was to investigate the effectiveness of using online activities and a browser-based virtual world in teaching the second conditional in English. The sample consisted of 27 Polish senior high school students who were randomly divided into two groups: the treatment group (N = 13) and the control group (N = 14). The data were obtained by means of a grammar test administered before (prestest) and after the treatment (immediate posttest and two delayed posttests), a background questionnaire as well as an evaluation sheet, were analyzed quantitatively. The results indicate that the treatment students benefited from the instruction with the benefits being visible not only immediately after the treatment but also after four and eight weeks later.
EN
The emergence of the Internet caused a significant simplification of interpersonal communication all over the world. True, the communication became fast, cheap and convenient and for people, who by nature are social beings, it enabled easy bonding, maintaining relationships and strengthened the feeling of belonging to one group or another. Along with development of the Internet social networking portals emerged becoming a popular means of communication and entertainment specifically dedicated to young people. The paper outlines the most important advantages and disadvantages of social networks especially with respect to security.
EN
The focus group interview conducted among students at Adam Mickiewicz University inPoznań who were born in the early 1990s indicates the students’ attitudes towards reality, aswell as approaches and methods of using modern information technologies used for communicationand obtaining information (mainly the Internet). Contrary to general opinionsof contemporary youth, the 1990s generation has not lost perspective and is able to makereasonable assessments. Young people consciously use technical goods and critically evaluatethe behaviour that exceeds social norms or common sense. They prefer personal contactwith other people rather than contact via telephone, SMS messages or the Internet. They seethe advantages of the Internet, such as access to information, knowledge and entertainment,facilitation of functional, professional and private contact, as well as noticing the hazardsresulting from excessive and mindless use of the Internet and other legal threats related tothe medium. For them, new communication technologies are a useful tool for communicating.However, young people have language problems consisting of a difficulty in expressingthemselves which results from abbreviated forms of expression used in the mass media.
PL
Artykuł jest prezentacją wyników badań eksploracyjnych, których celem było znalezienie odpowiedzi na pytanie o ocenę wpływu Internetu na działania realizowane przez przedsiębiorstwa w zakresie komunikacji marketingowej w opinii menedżerów średniego i wyższego szczebla. Skoncentrowano się na działaniach podejmowanych w ramach komunikacji marketingowej z odbiorcami wewnętrznymi (pracownicy) i zewnętrznymi (klienci, partnerzy biznesowi, konkurenci). Wyniki badań pozwoliły na sformułowanie podstawowych wniosków dotyczących zakresu wykorzystania Internetu w wybranych obszarach komunikacji marketingowej.
EN
The article presents the results of exploratory research aimed at finding the answer to the question about the impact of the Internet on activities carried out by companies as part of marketing communication in the opinion of middle-level and senior managers. It focuses on the actions taken as part of marketing communication with internal (employees) and external (customers, partners, suppliers, competitors) recipients. The results allowed for drawing basic conclusions regarding the scope of the use of the Internet in selected areas of marketing communication.
EN
This article briefly discusses some of the selected open-source intelligence methods on the Internet, which may be utilised to support activities of the armed forces. The paper examines this issue in two particular dimensions. On the one hand, it overviews some of the most popular means allowing supporting conventional operations, for instance, by geolocating hostile military infrastructure or troops. On the other hand, it explores some of the selected methods allowing to support cyber warfare. It concludes that open-source intelligence offers increasing capabilities, for instance, in detecting targets for offensive cyber operations or geolocating hostile troops. Nevertheless, it also has considerable limitations, particularly in terms of susceptibility to disinformation.
EN
The paper aims to determine how information and communication technology influences contemporary culture and examines the nature of this relationship. The analysis is based on socio-cultural research combined with socio-metric and humanistic studies, along with an eclectic approach. The author uses qualitative methods, in addition to system analyses, discourse analyses, secondary analysis, and participant observation. Digital and communication technology is changing the nature of interpersonal relations in today’s world, Wassilew says. Social networking sites on the internet make it possible to strengthen old and create new interpersonal ties, and they also contribute to the development of an information society. Technology used in interpersonal communication changes the way in which people look at the world around them. This eventually leads to new lifestyle patterns, in addition to economic, political and cultural changes, Wassilew says. According to the author, the paper’s findings can be used in business, marketing, logistics, organization and management strategies, and in the design of IT and communications systems.
EN
The history of musical performances is also the history of space in which they take place. This space is associated with the development of digital technologies. The article presents situations in which musicians perform or take other artistic actions relying on these technologies. This is an attempt at drawing attention to the fact that cyberspace does not replace traditional performance space (like concert halls, opera houses etc.) but rather, leads to cooperation of musicians in that space.
XX
The identity is one of the key issues of modern society and when we take into account the influence of media and information technologies on the livelihoods of individuals then it becomes clear how fast identities have been changing and how qualitative transformations they suffered. In the post modern times computers present an unavoidable decor of present but simultaneously they entice with their utilities all users of this scientific and technical paradigm. Social identity is not what it used to be and its relatively loose structure comprises a sequence of even non consistent characteristics of the structure of identity that have not even been imaginable, until recently, in a such configuration they exist today. New technologies and the way people spend their time at work or their free time determine the development and establishing of the identity structure whilst new specific identities have appeared due to free access to information with the whole latitude of using new media. This phenomenon often reflects on what we refer to as generation gap and additionally on everything that democratic and neo-liberal environment supports in terms of certain behavioral patterns acceptance. Computers, mobile phones of new generation and the Internet, as the totality of informational domain, have offered the post-structural multiversity pandemic of a new world that changed in as much it conceived the pluralism of identities and brand new assemblies of values and attitudes. The onset of a new world was possible due to the concept of a new human that appeared, who has a general common denominator in information technologies.
EN
Christ’s Great Commission: Go out to the whole world; proclaim the Good News to all creation (Mk 16,15) sets before the theologian the question about the place of proclaiming God’s Word and the forms of this proclamation. One of the major places of evangelization today is the virtual world. The aim of the article is an analysis of the content of Internet portals in the Poznań archdiocese. Research makes us realize that 25% of parishes still do not have their own portals. The author draws attention to the need to implement a thoroughly considered visual strategy of the parish, in which an essential role will be played by a presentation of the parish community during liturgy and evangelization activities. The article postulates a constructive communication based on building a message that would shape the conscience of the recipients, but also warns against fi lling the Internet with religious kitsch. The pastor should not treat the portal as a private blog of which he is the author but rather as a platform for pastoral suggestions that can be lived out by the faithful. The overriding goal is to enthuse the potential recipients while proclaiming the Good News to all creation.
PL
Nakaz misyjny Chrystusa: „Idźcie na cały świat i głoście Ewangelię wszelkiemu stworzeniu” (Mk 16,15), stawia przed teologiem pytanie o miejsce głoszenia słowa Bożego i formy przepowiadania. Jednym z ważnych miejsc ewangelizacji jest dziś świat wirtualny. Celem artykułu jest analiza treści portali internetowych parafi i w archidiecezji poznańskiej. Badania uświadamiają, że nadal 25% parafi i w diecezji nie ma własnego portalu. Autor zwraca uwagę na konieczność wdrożenia przemyślanej strategii wizualnej parafi i, w której istotną rolę odgrywa ukazanie wspólnoty parafi alnej podczas liturgii i działań ewangelizacyjnych. Artykuł postuluje komunikację konstruktywną, opartą na budowaniu przekazu kształtującego sumienia odbiorców, przestrzega także przed zapełnianiem Internetu religijnym kiczem. Duszpasterz nie powinien traktować portalu jako prywatnego, autorskiego bloga, ale raczej jako platformę pastoralnych propozycji do realizacji w życiu wiernych. Wszystko po to, by zarazić entuzjazmem potencjalnych odbiorców, niosąc Ewangelię „wszelkiemu stworzeniu”.
EN
The subject matter of the paper lies on the borderline of two important social problems i.e. Internet addiction and suicide. The problem of suicide is still treated as a social taboo in contemporary world. Those who have attempted to kill themselves as well as their families are discriminated and ill-treated by their immediate environment and driven into inferiority complex. Every so often the only option left to such people is the Internet that offers an attentive ear and consolation because the access to professional help in the real world may be limited in a given place and in a given moment. On the Internet one may talk and exchange information on any topic at any time of night and day. The Internet is a cheap and widely available platform offering websites, chat rooms, forums and support groups for people experiencing the same problems. It should be emphasized however, that there are dark corners on the Internet which should not be visited by wide audiences. Some online contents are just not well-adjusted to the development age of young Internet users. This paper is a discussion of a metaphoric and literal aspect of suicide on the Internet and a call for more scientific research, educational campaigns and psychoprophylaxis related to the subject matter of suicide and self-destruction. The author emphasizes the necessity to raise awareness to the issue of suicide which is still a social taboo and subject to social myths. Although many specialist facilities, associations and institutions are already involved in addressing the problem, the number of suicide attempts has not been reduced mainly because the activities undertaken are scattered and badly coordinated. The effects of these efforts are not satisfactory neither for theoreticians nor for practitioners.
EN
It is an uncontroversial statement to say that we live in an age of the enormous influence of information technology. The Internet in particular has been instrumental in shaping and reshaping modern reality. It harbours millions of communities and social networks, where people interact with each other on a daily basis. What are we to think of them? Do they represent a new Renaissance of social interactions or rather a demise of the traditional community? In the following article I argue that it is something entirely different. The Internet, I propose, should be viewed as a new, different environment for communities to form and thrive. Not only are those communities formed online, they also display a wide range of features, which make them legitimate communities, and not entities impoverished in the social sense. Those communities have a profound effect on the identity of their participants.
EN
In the context of information technology development of a society requirements to professional training of teachers and forming of their competencies are increasing. The need for provision of media education consistent with challenges of an information society, organization of pedagogues’ in the field of media education training, based on media needs of the youth, development of innovative approaches and implementation of effective media education models into all the segments of education has been emphasized. Informatization is becoming a leading trend in education modernization that causes the need for advancing a level of teachers’ training, as the latter should possess information technologies. Thus, special attention should be paid to implementation of new learning forms that presuppose the use of computer resources. Ukraine requires an intensive informatization of the education system. Quite urgent for Ukrainian education system is the implementation of new multimedia technologies into the educational process of primary, secondary, high schools and higher education institutions. So, teachers’ training for the use of multimedia technologies is a topical task of teacher education. Based on the analysis of native and foreign works dedicated to the problem of use of computer technologies it has been concluded that in different countries the potential of multimedia technologies has been used since the 1970s and 80s. The experiment on the implementation of multimedia technologies into the educational process was conducted; computer programs, textbooks and methodical recommendations for teachers were developed; main directions of school informatization were outlined; the staff problem was being solved; people’s adaptation to life in an information society was launched. In the 1990s education projects were realized, the need for education informatization was reflected on subject programs; general and specific trends in the development of education informatization in different countries were emphasized.
EN
The article deals with identifying and studying factors influencing the formation and development of digital business according to correlation analysis in order to simulate its development. It proves the relationship between digital business, imports of goods and services and employment rate. The model of digital business development is created. Excluding factors with low correlation based on Pearson’s coefficient and multicollinear factors, the authors create a two-factor model of digital business development. Using trend forecast values of the chosen factors, digital business development forecast is carried out. Autocorrelation of residuals is detected and the simulation modelling is performed.
EN
Aim. Extraordinary circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic have led to new ways of learning and teaching, with students and teachers facing many challenges. The aim of the research was to examine attitudes and to determine the impressions and experiences of respondents regarding online teaching as well as to investigate and evaluate learning goals with regard to the SARS-COV-2 virus pandemic. Methods. The research was conducted in the Republic of Croatia on a sample of 1533 university students. A survey questionnaire designed specifically for the purposes of this research was used.Consisted of three independent variables and ten dependent variables related to online teaching. Results. The data obtained show that in online teaching, the respondents mostly used programs such as Zoom, Microsoft Teams and Merlin, while the least of them used Skype. Regarding testing and assessment, i.e. the grading of success in online teaching, respondents stated that teachers had mostly used colloquia (20.6%) and written exams (19.8%) for grading, while live exams had been used the least. The largest number of research participants, 61.9% of them, expressed the opinion that the criteria and grading procedures were clear and published before individual teaching units Conclusion. Faculties should design different syllabuses for conducting online classes. Centres should be provided/established with the task of collecting digital teaching materials, processing, and storing them, and making them available to teachers and students.
Prace Etnograficzne
|
2013
|
vol. 41
|
issue 1
29-41
EN
The Lemkos are an antagonized internally ethnic minority. The beginning of the division dates back to midnineteenth century, when almost simultaneously began to form the Ukrainian national identity and the Lemko separatism. It is also explicitly on the basis of the Lemko organizations created on the wave of democratic changes in Poland. Using of virtual ethnography methodology to analyze the content of websites of three of them: the Lemko Association, the Lemkos Federation and the Association of Ruska Bursa in Gorlice enables to capture significant, not shown explicitly, the differences in outlook, orientation of identity, construction of arguments, embarking strategy, the language used to simultaneous reference to the common universe – the Lemko Land. The Lemko Federation promoting Ukrainian national identity and the Lemko identity is recognized in terms of the regional identity. Two other one associate people with Lemko identity, emphasizing membership to the group of Carpatho-Rusyns. In their e-transmission they show a background of internal conflicts, formulate evaluative judgments and reveal strong emotions.
EN
The Internet, as a social medium has a wide spectrum of applications. In general, the cyberspace serves as a provider of services, a commercial platform and the arena of social networking. On one hand, the Internet offers unlimited possibilities with respect to the access to all sources of information but, on the other hand, it can generate a series of threats to the established social and legal order. The threats may pertain to systems, data security, computer programs, users' privacy and intellectual property. Although the problem is important socially as well as politically, until recently the Polish literature on the subject did not address the issue of counteracting and punishing offences related to electronic data processing widely enough. The motivation behind this paper was recent social discourse on the free flow of information on the Internet and the multiplicity of controversies accompanying this topic.
EN
New technologies transform modern societies and create new threats related to anonymity on the Internet. The aim of the present paper is to outline the history, functioning and current scope of application of The Onion Router. The paper analyses the issue of anonymity on the Internet which triggered a number of international, social and political problems and became the driving force for the development of TOR network. The author discusses the significance of TOR network for free flow of information and freedom of social communication and shows the wide thematic range of its resources. Other issues presented in the paper include: the payment system used in TOR network which is based on Bitcoin, a cryptocurrency which proved to be an ideal form of payment in illegal transactions; the most frequently committed cybercrimes and new, previously unknown forms of illicit cyberbehaviour based on anonymizing technologies which pose a challenge for law enforcement agencies and the judicial systems. TOR network by offering full anonymity to the world of crime, considerably contributes to the development of cybercrime and takes the illegal activity in an entirely new dimension. TOR network although originally created with good intentions, has turned into a global threat.
EN
Living in the contemporary world the man adapts his knowledge and capabilities to various technological forms which are imposed on him as a result of technological progress and development. Younger and younger generations use technological innovations more and more smoothly, living with them almost round-the-clock. The topic of this paper is media consumption by the students. The paper describes surveys of the consumption of TV, internet and other media (e.g. mobile telephony) by the Polish and Russian students and analyses the purpose of their use in their private lives and in student work. In young generations the borderlines between real and virtual worlds tend to become more and more blurred because of growing consumption of spare time. Media consumption has its numerous advantages and disadvantages. The technological development is made at the expense of addictions of young people and lower labour efficiency. This issue is addressed by more and more European countries. On the other hand, smooth consumption of new media creates a lot of interesting opportunities and allows to tap hidden potential of the worker to the benefit of the company he works for. It turns out that Poland and Russia have a lot in common. The surveys show that a lot of similarities are in media consumption, since both Polish and Russian students tend to spend more of their spare time with the media. Some differences are driven by various degrees of individual media consumption and by their popularity.
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