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Erich Wasmann a jeho přínos k teorii evoluce

100%
Krumpolc E.
Studia theologica
|
2017
|
vol. 1
45-59
EN
The aim of this paper is to examine the life and work of the Austrian priest, Jesuit and biologist Erich Wasmann (1859–1931) and specifically his contribution to a deeper understanding of the theory of evolution and its reception by Catholic theology. The biography of the person of Erich Wasmann is presented first, followed by his work, biological research, concept of evolution, the possibility of its application to man, its philosophical and sociological consequences and the controversies between Erich Wasmann and Ernst Haeckel, a protagonist of monism and materialism, are described. In conclusion it is argued that Wasmann was a resolute supporter of biological evolution, and also open to the possibility of its extension to man, as far as it concerns the evolution of the human body, if this would be confirmed by paleontological findings. He emphasized, however, the essential differences between man and animals in the mental and spiritual region that could not be spanned by evolution, but which would require a certain ontological leap, as it has been recognised by contemporary theological anthropology.
2
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Biblista F. E. Gigot (1859−1920), Augustin z Hippo a evoluční vznik člověka

84%
Pospíšil C. V.
Studia theologica
|
2018
|
vol. 2
169-183
EN
This paper is part of a larger scholar project focused on Catholic theologians and scholars between 1871 and 1910 who accepted the evolutionary origin of the human body in accordance with the so called Mivart theory, or rejected it. The author presents the life and writings of the French theologian and biblical scholar F. E. Gigot, who was active mainly in the USA. He then analysed the relevant parts of the first section of his special introduction to the Old Testament (1901), where he interprets the first and second chapter of the book of Genesis and demonstrates a more or less open attitude to the theory of the evolutionary origin of man. The name of this biblical scholar, internationally recognized in his day, is not recalled in contemporary literature in connection with the reception of the evolutionary origin of humankind in Catholic theology at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. The discoveries help to correct the rooted conviction that the Catholic theologians of this period had an exclusively negative attitude towards the fact of evolution and the evolutionary origin of the human body. The study also includes an analysis of one passage of Augustine’s writing De Genesi ad litteram, where the author finds formulations which look like an offered hand across the ages to those who in 1871−1910, and also later, sought to theologically adopt the theory of the evolutionary origin – creation of man.
3
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Norbert Peters – svědek postoje katolických biblistů k hypotéze evolučního vzniku člověka na přelomu 19. a 20. století

84%
Pospíšil C. V.
Studia theologica
|
2017
|
vol. 2
91-104
EN
The study is part of a research project focused on Catholic theologians and scholars who either accepted the evolutionary origin of the human body in accordance with Mivart’s thesis or denied it in years 1871–1910. The author presents the Padernborn exegete Norbert Peters (1863–1938) and a critical analysis of his book Glauben und Wissen im ersten biblischen Schöpfungsbericht (Gen 1:1–2:3), Paderborn: Verlag von Ferdinand Schöning, 1907. The above-mentioned author reacts to both the academic and popular writing of E. Haeckel. He argues as a biblical scholar that the description of the creation of man, as it is found in the first chapters of Genesis, is not an obstacle to openness to an evolutionary origin – the creation of the human body. Being a specialist in the Bible, however, he does not dare state whether this hypothesis is actually viable. The issue of the means of creation of the human body is, in his view, only a marginal question in theology. A methodologically highly disciplined approach can be observed, however, which is in many respects similar to the approach of contemporary Catholic theologians.
4

Prometeo come il simbolo dell’interminabile sfida

84%
Grzelak-Krzymianowska A.
Roczniki Humanistyczne
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2017
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vol. 65
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issue 3: Filologia klasyczna
5-22
PL
Artykuł ma na celu ukazanie, że mit o Prometeuszu może być uznany za źródło i efekt nieustających wyzwań świata, którym człowiek przez wieki musiał stawić czoła. Opierając się na tradycji starożytnej i różnych wersjach i interpretacjach mitu o tytanie autorka dowodzi, że postać Prometeusza może być postrzegana jako pewnego rodzaju bodziec, zarówno pozytywny, jak i negatywny, który wpływał na historię ludzkości oraz że tego typu wizja Prometeusza przetrwała i jest nadal obecna w kulturze współczesnej i jest ciągle wykorzystywana w celu podkreślenia najbardziej znaczących momentów cywilizacyjnych przemian.
EN
The article aims to describe the myth of Prometheus seen as the source and result of a continuous challenge that people have been forced to cope with through centuries. Basing on the ancient tradition and various versions and interpretations of the mythical story of the Titan the author draws conclusion that the figure of Prometheus may be perceived as the stimulus, in positive as well as negative way, of the history of human kind and that such an image of Prometheus survived and is still present in contemporary culture and is used and reused to underline always significant moments of civilization change.
IT
L’articolo mira a descrivere il mito di Prometeo visto come la fonte e il risultato di una sfida continua che la gente è stata costretta a far fronte con i secoli. Basandosi sull’antica tradizione e sulle varie versioni e interpretazioni della mitica storia del Titano, l’autore trae conclusione che la figura di Prometeo possa essere percepita come stimolo, in modo positivo e negativo, della storia del genere umano e che tale immagine di Prometeo è sopravvissuta ed è ancora presente nella cultura contemporanea e viene utilizzata e riutilizzata per sottolineare momenti sempre significativi del cambiamento della civiltà.
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