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1

The Nation and the Nation State in the Mirror of Czech and Polish Sociological Journals in the Interwar Era

100%

Janák, jr. D.

Central European Papers

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2016

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vol. 4

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issue 2

8–24

EN

The following text offers a comparison of Czech and Polish sociological journals of the interwar era related to the problems of the nation and the nation state. A combination of quantitative and qualitative content analysis is used for comparing formal characteristics (institutionalization, periodicity, types, number and size of articles), and thematic structure. Czech sociology had a closer relationship to nation-state politics, which was shown at the level of institutional (in)stability of the journals, at the level of personal involvement of journals‘ leading figures in politics as well as at the level of discourse, where different relevance and content were attached to the subject of nation in each country. Regarding this issue Czech sociology (represented in journals in the 1930s) was closer to public sociology while the Polish discourse to policy sociology.

2

THE THEORY ON THE STATE OF THE CHOSŎN RULING ELITES: HOW DID THEY PERCEIVE THE RELATIONS BETWEEN THEMSELVES AND THE STATE?

84%

LEE M. J.

International Journal of Korean Humanities and Social Sciences

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2018

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vol. 4

107-126

PL

Autorka zakłada, że próba analizy warstwy rządzącej za czasów panowania dynastii Chosŏn na przykładzie szlachetnie urodzonych munbŏl 문벌 (門閥) powinna być przeprowadzana przy pomocy analizy ideologicznej, zaś tożsamość warstwy rządzącej należy rozpatrywać w relacji do kraju. Artykuł stanowi analizę istniejących badań, które dzielą się na trzy główne grupy. Pierwsza z grup wysuwa tezę, że warstwa rządząca jest niezależna od kraju i rządu i w takim oderwaniu należy rozpatrywać jej tożsamość. Druga grupa wskazuje na to, że warstwa rządząca opanowała również tzw. sektor prywatny. Trzecia grupa pokazuje, że warstwa ta nie była w stanie odciąć się strukturalnie od rządów. Dalsza część artykułu skupia się na analizie pozostałych punktów charakterystycznych dla koreańskiej warstwy rządzącej.

KO

본 논문은 조선시대 지배엘리트의 정체성을 파악하기 위해서는 문벌(門閥)이라는 소재를 통해 사상적인 방법론으로 분석하는 것이 필요함을 주장한 논문이다. 조선시대 지배엘리트의 정체성은 국가와의 관계 속에서 고찰되어야 한다. 이를 위해 우선 논문의 전반부에서 조선의 지배엘리트와 국가의 관계에 대해 다룬 기존의 연구들을 세 가지 경향으로 나누어 고찰하였다. 첫 번째 그룹은 지배층이 국가로부터 자율성을 가지며, 국가 밖의 영역에 정체성을 두고 있다고 여기는 연구들이다. 두 번째 그룹은 역시 국가로부터 자율성을 가지는 지배층이 사적 영역으로 국가를 잠식하였다고 보는 연구들이다. 세 번째 그룹은 조선시대 지배층은 구조적으로 국가의 지배를 벗어날 수 없었다고 여기는 연구들이다. 각각의 연구들은 조선시대 지배엘리트의 성격을 파악하는 데에 중요한 지점을 지적하였으나, 그들의 정체성이 근본적으로 무엇으로부터 오는가에 대한 사상적 고찰을 결여했기 때문에 한계를 가진다. 논문의 후반부에서는 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위한 제안으로, 문벌이라는 소재를 통해 당시 지배층의 정체성을 국가와의 관계 속에서 살펴보기를 주장하였다.

EN

This paper argues that it is necessary to analyze the identity of the ruling elite in the Chosŏn Dynasty through the nobles munbŏl 문벌(門閥) using the ideological methodology. The identity of the ruling elite in the Joseon Dynasty should be considered in relation to the state. In the first part of this paper, we review the existing studies on the relationship between the ruling elite and the state in Korea. The first group gives a view that the ruling class has autonomy from the state and has an identity outside the country. The second group of the studies shows that the ruling autonomous governments have encroached on the private sector. The third group are studies showing that the ruling class of the Chosŏn Dynasty structurally could not escape the domination of the state. Each of these studies pointed out important points in characterizing the ruling elites of the Chosŏn dynasty, yet they had some limitations because they lacked an ideological consideration of what their identity is fundamentally from. The second part of the paper presents how to overcome these limitations by insisting that the identity of the ruling class should be examined in relation to the state at that time through the issue of civilization.

3

Jak a proč přemýšlet o české národní existenci?: poznámky na okraj dvou intelektuálních pokusů

84%

Hroch M.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2021

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vol. 69

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issue 2

297-321

EN

The author considers several texts that have recently been devoted to Masaryk’s book Česká otázka (The Czech Question), but the topic of the article revolves around the more general issue of “the Czech question,” and not the book itself. The intention is to find out what the contemporary forms and pathways are of the intellectual self-reflection on Czech national existence. On the one hand, there is a collection of philosophers and other experts in the humanities who are trying to determine the extent to which Masaryk’s book, dating from the end of the 19th century, is still important for the current state of the Czech nation (and thus “Czech questions”). On the other hand, another focus of the article is a set of twenty reflections on the current state of, and the degree of threat to, the nation’s uniqueness, written by a prominent Czech neurologist who also takes into account the more than century-long debate on the “meaning of Czech history.” Although a comparison of both approaches reveals some similarities in their awareness of a crisis in the current state of the Czech nation, significant differences in methodological starting points soon step into the foreground and from this emerge differences in the conclusions the different approaches reach, differences that touch on the future toward which the nation is maturing.

CS

Autor se zamýšlí nad několika příspěvky, které byly v nedávné době věnovány Masarykově České otázce, ale tématem je „česká otázka“ psaná s malým „č“. Záměrem je zjistit, jaké jsou způsoby a cesty intelektuální sebereflexe české národní existence v současnosti. Na jedné straně stojí sborník filosofů a dalších odborníků humanitního zaměření, kteří se pokoušejí určit, do jaké míry je pro současný stav českého národa (a tedy „české otázky) stále ještě významný Masarykův stejnojmenný spis z konce 19. století. Na druhé straně se předmětem zájmu stává soubor dvaceti zamyšlení nad současným stavem a stupněm ohrožení svébytnosti národa, jehož autorem je významný český neurolog, který svým způsobem rovněž bere v úvahu onu více než století trvající diskusi o „smyslu českých dějin“. Srovnání obou přístupů sice odhaluje některé shody ve vědomí krizovosti současné situace české národní existence, do popředí ale vystupují příznačné odlišnosti v metodologických východiscích a odtud vyplývající rozdíly v závěrech týkajících se národní budoucnosti, ke kterým dospívají.

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1 Central European Papers

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1 Hroch M.

1 Janák, jr. D.

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The Nation and the Nation State in the Mirror of Czech and Polish Sociological Journals in the Interwar Era

THE THEORY ON THE STATE OF THE CHOSŎN RULING ELITES: HOW DID THEY PERCEIVE THE RELATIONS BETWEEN THEMSELVES AND THE STATE?

Jak a proč přemýšlet o české národní existenci?: poznámky na okraj dvou intelektuálních pokusů