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1

Prawa człowieka i środowisko

100%

Karski L.

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

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2006

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vol. 4

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issue 1

309-325

EN

There should be no doubt that human activities can cause serious environmental harm, or that those harms, in turn, often result in very grave consequences to human beings. Put positively, a clean and healthy environment is essential to the realization of fundamental human rights. Some advocates argue that the right to a clean environment belongs to the third generation of rights. Others noted that it is separated the fourth generation of rights. It is necessary to reflect on a source of environmental rights. It is important to search for the satisfactory meaning of the right to a clean environment.This article shows repeated and increasing recognition of a human rights-based approach to environmental protection. Such recognition demonstrates that environmental rights are emerging as an important component of international law and Polish law. At the national and international levels, the right to a healthy environment (or a related formulation) has played an important role in fostering connections between human rights and environmental approaches. The increasing practice of substantively upholding and encouraging respect for the right to a clean environment is important and should be recognized and strengthened.

2

Deconstructing the Topos of Poland as a Jewish Necropolis in Texts by Israeli Authors of the Third Post-Holocaust Generation

100%

Budzik J.

Polish Political Science Yearbook

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2018

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vol. 2 (47)

379–389

EN

The paper aims at recognizing and describing the ways of deconstructing the topos of Poland as a Jewish necropolis, a process that in the last decade appears more and more often in the works of Israeli authors of the third generation after the Shoah. The generation concept – as I argue – can serve here as a useful tool for understanding the shift which occurred in the specific national context of Israeli Holocaust discourse and strongly influenced the image of Poland in Israeli literature and culture. Poland depicted as a Jewish necropolis has become one of the central motifs present in Israeli literary as well as the artistic canon of Shoah representations. As the central space where the Shoah occurred, Poland was obviously perceived as a land marked by death and formed exclusively by the experience of the Holocaust. However, in the aftermath of two major shifts that have occurred in the last decades: a meaningful change in the Israeli Holocaust discourse and the new reality of Poland after 1989, and also as a consequence of the growing time distance separating yet another generation from the events themselves, numerous authors born in Israel mostly in the 1970s and in the 1980s began approaching the above-mentioned motif critically. This tendency, one of the few typical for the third generation, is demonstrated either through the motif ’s deconstruction and subversive usage or, more radically, by employing the genre of alternate history and changing the place’s identity (e.g. Tel Aviv by Yair Chasdiel). The topos of Poland as a necropolis has therefore been turned into a part – or even a starting point – of the reflection on collective memory patterns (e.g. Kompot. The Polish-Israeli Comic Book), stereotypes (e.g. Bat Yam by Yael Ronen), and on the authors’ own roots and identity (e.g. The Property by Rutu Modan). By analyzing the abovementioned texts, I will explore the process of constant interaction occurring between collective and the individual memory, between the Israeli national perspective and Polish landscapes, between an author and space and, finally – between the category of the third generation and its representatives themselves.

3

„Annehmen. Akzeptieren. Damit leben. Nicht vergessen. Sich erinnern.“ Subversive Erinnerungsverschiebungen der Post-Shoah-Generation in Mirna Funks Roman Winternähe (2015)

94%

Rutka A.

Tematy i Konteksty

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2017

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vol. 12

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issue 7

372-385

PL

The debut novel Winternähe by the young German-Jewish author Mirna Funk is a paradigmatic illustration of the post Shoah literature of the third, the grandchildren generation. The novel expounds on against background of the death of Shoah-survivors, the new ways of dealing with the family past and transnational Shoah memory in a complex relation to the globality and mobility as current conditions of the modern life. Funk’s novel also expounds on the subversive strategies, which are inherent in modern virtual communication media like Facebook or Instagram.

4

The meaning of Jewish culture of origin for Jewish women from the third generation

84%

Krawczyk A.

Kultura i Wychowanie

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2019

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vol. 15

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issue 1

173-185

PL

Prezentowany artykuł ma charakter badawczy. Powstał na podstawie czterech swobodnych wywiadów z elementami narracji, które przeprowadziłem z przedstawicielami „trzeciej generacji” osób pochodzenia żydowskiego mieszkających w Łodzi. W moim tekście nawiązuję do wiedzy (i braku wiedzy) badanych kobiet na temat ich korzeni. Rozróżniam też dwa stworzone modele rodzinne. Co więcej, umieszczam żydowską kulturę i religię w kontekście ich codziennych doświadczeń.

EN

This article draws on four free-form interviews with elements of narration, which I conducted with representatives of the “third generation” of people of Jewish origin living in Łódź. In my text, I refer to the knowledge (and lack of knowledge) of the surveyed women as to their roots. I also distinguish two family models they have created. I place Jewish culture and religion in the context of the women’s everyday experiences.

5

Trzecie pokolenie Palestynek po Nakbie. Postpamięć jako balansowanie "pomiędzy" komunikacją indeksalną i symboliczną.

67%

Kościańczuk M.

ER(R)GO: Teoria – Literatura – Kultura

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2020

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issue 40

187-205

EN

The article presents the findings of research carried out in Palestine with the use of the tools of visual anthropology. The analysis demonstrates the potential of the application of the concepts of “the third generation” and “post-memory” to describe the experience of young Palestinian women. The argument focuses upon the strategies resorted to by women who, in the course of the study, agreed to present the key values that they profess, and consented to share them publicly in the form of a photo-interview. Their narratives are presented in the context of the reinterpretation of the events of the Nakba.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań wykonanych z użyciem antropologii wizualnej w Palestynie. Analiza prezentuje możliwość wykorzystania kategorii trzeciego pokolenia oraz post-pamięci do doświadczeń młodych kobiet palestyńskich. Ze względu na ograniczone ramy artykułu przedstawione są strategie kobiet, które zaprezentowały w czasie badań swoje kluczowe wartości i zgodziły się na ten temat opowiedzieć za pomocą fotowywiadu. Ich narracje są odnoszone do reinterpretacji wydarzenia Nakby.

6

Wojna, Ukraina i literatura – Jonathana Safrana Foera wyprawa w głąb środkowoeuropejskiej niepamięci

59%

Cobel-Tokarska M.

Edukacja Humanistyczna

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2015

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issue 2

73-87

PL

W artykule analizuję bestsellerową amerykańską powieść wydaną po polsku przez wydawnictwo WAB: Wszystko jest iluminacją Jonathana Safrana Foera. Chcę przyjrzeć się temu, jak autor konstruuje swoją narrację, w jaki sposób dotyka problemu Zagłady i poszukiwania własnych korzeni przez przedstawicieli kolejnych pokoleń potomków ocalonych. Powieść jest ważnym przykładem nowego sposobu mierzenia się literatury z tematem Zagłady. Konteksty interpretacyjne zaczerpnęłam między innymi z pracy Kai Kaźmierskiej Biografia i pamięć na przykładzie pokoleniowego doświadczenia ocalonych z Zagłady, która analizuje zjawisko powrotu do miejsca urodzenia jako spełnienia przymusu biograficznego badanych, oraz z prac Marianne Hirsch, twórczyni pojęcia postpamięci.

EN

In the article I analyze a bestseller American novel published in Polish by WAB publishing house: Everything is Illuminated by Jonathan Safran Foer. I want to look into the way the author constructs his narration, how he addresses the issue of Holocaust and the issue of searching for one’s roots by members of next generations of the descendants of survivors. The novel is an important example of the new literary way of dealing with the topic of Holocaust. The interpretation contexts were drawn from, among others, work by Kaja Kaźmierska entitled Biography and Memory. The Generational Experience of the Shoah Survivor, in which the author analyses the phenomenon of returning to one’s place of birth as a biographical compulsion of the subjects of the study, as well as works of Marianne Hirsch, the creator of the term ‘postmemory’.

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