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K organizaci venkovského zázemí středověkých měst

100%
Žemlička J.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2013
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vol. 111
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issue 4
681-727
EN
There exists a long tradition of research into relations between the medieval town or city and the village, at present primarily linked with the names of Jindřich Tomas and Jaroslav Bakala. The dynamic development of the study of urban issues in the past thirty years and simultaneously the entry of archeology and other disciplines into the field of urban research (the work of Jan Klápště about the transformation of the Czech Lands in the Middle Ages being of especial importance) offer new opportunities to capture the role of the medieval town and its rural environs in new dimensions. Undoubtedly, there is no need to emphasise that the relationship between the town and village was one of the determining factors of both economic and social development in the „Czech“ and also European Middle Ages.
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Šosovní, nebo poddanské vesnice? K interpretaci pozemkového příslušenství zeměpanských měst ve středověku

67%
Lhoták J.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2013
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vol. 111
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issue 3
517-562
EN
This contribution attempts to clarify the concept and legal position of the so-called borough (= šos) villages attached to free Royal boroughs in the pre-Hussite period. He deals with the notion of town property tax (šos in Czech), its earlier interpretations in Czech historiography and defines its meaning by analysing the system of fiscal duties in free Royal towns (feu duty, property taxes). He then pays attention to the legal relationship between borough villages and the sovereign and to the rights the latter exercised on their territories (patronage rights, consent for land transactions). The author provides a survey of possible options in which municipal law penetrated into the countryside (weichbild, the nobility granting the option that municipal law might be used, etc.). In its conclusion he argues against the usage of the concept of borough landed estates for the period prior to 1420.
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