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EN
The estimation of growth indicators of physical readiness of children engaged in combat sports, at the stage of initial training is produced. For estimation of physical readiness testing was conducted on the physical qualities of children in accordance with the state program on physical education for secondary schools. Among 53.85±4.41 % of persons five-year-old registered low power capabilities, while the share of the investigated six- (38.0±4.29 %) and seven-year-old (34.0±4.19 %) with a low level is significantly lower, (p<0.05). Among the children, who began to engage in combat sports at the age of five, reliable changes of physical readiness are observed only in the development of flexibility (+1.37±0.41 cm, p<0,001). Among six- and seven-year-old children increase of strength abilities that characterize the special physical fitness at the stage of initial training is +3.0 ±0.85 times and +2.92±0.43 times, p<0.001, respectively, and is higher than rates growth of five-year-old contingent (+1.05±0.64 times, (p>0.05). Among this group positive changes in the development of speed-power abilities have been noted that are an important component of physical readiness of wrestlers in achievement high sports results. Their absolute increase of +2.92±1.11 cm and +3.36±1.60 cm, (p <0.001). The analysis of initial indicators of physical readiness of young athletes and their changes under the influence of specific physical activity identified favorable age to start regular exercise of combat sports, which is 6 – 7 years. Early sports specialization and increase in physical activity at the stage of initial training can be one of the key factors results in cessation of growth stages of sports perfection and higher sport craftsmanship. Prospects for further research are the development of measures of optimization of training process of children who are engaged in Combat Sports at the stage of initial training.
EN
ObjectivesThe authors formulated a hypothesis that, on completion of the training program by cadets, their vestibular habituation would increase, measured by the time of the duration of the test on the unlocked looping, in contrast to the initial values and the control group.Material and MethodsThe research involved 35 male cadets, first-year students of the Polish Air Force Academy in Dęblin. The examined persons were on average 20 years of age. They were divided into 2 groups. Group A (N = 25, tested) continued training on Special Aviation Gymnastic Instruments (SAGI). The cadets were a homogeneous group of participants in the jet pilot course, selected by the Military Aeromedical Board. Group B (N = 10, control) conducted the standard physical military education program. Groups A and B were tested on the unlocked looping before and after the training process. In the training process, the groups had heart rate (HR) monitored.ResultsThe cadets in group A on the test in the unlocked looping, at the beginning of the training period, had an average score of 468.5±96.6 s, and on completion of the training period 575.6±47.9 s, which is a statistically significant difference at p < 0.000001. Similarly, the examined individuals in group B received an average score of 396.2±31.8 s, and at the end of the training period 473.4±72.0 s, which is a statistically significant difference at p < 0.01. In group A, a statistically significant decrease in the average HR value was observed. In group B, there was a statistically significant increase in the average HR value.ConclusionsThe exercises on SAGI have a beneficial impact on improving the habituation of the vestibular organ in training cadets in examination II, as opposed to examination I and the control group.
UK
У ході проведеного дослідження авторами вдосконалені комплекси спеціальних підготовчих вправ з урахуванням особливостей фазової структури ударних дій юних таеквондистів з урахуванням необхідності використання тренажерів. Дослідниками виявлена структура атакуючих ударів в змагальних двобоях юних таеквондистів. Експериментально обґрунтована методика застосування комплексів спеціальних підготовчих вправ при навчанні юних таеквондистів ударам ногами на етапі початкової підготовки з урахуванням доцільності використання тренажерів. Доведена ефективність застосування спеціальних підготовчих вправ для навчання основним технічним діям на етапі початкової підготовки юних таеквондистів.
EN
In the course of study the authors developed a set of special preparatory exercises with consideration of the phase structure peculiarities of young taekwondo sportsmen’s attacking actions, considering the need for training apparatuses. Researchers discovered the structure of attacking strokes in competitive duels of young taekwondo sportsmen. The technique of using the complex of special training exercises in teaching young taekwondo sportsmen kicks during initial training, taking into account the feasibility of using training simulators is experimentally grounded. The effectiveness of special preparatory exercises for teaching basic technical actions during the initial training of young taekwondo fighters is proved.
UK
У статті авторами вирішені актуальні наукові завдання: 1) проаналізована база наукових досліджень в сфері управління підготовкою таеквондистів; 2) виявлені особливості виконання складно-координаційних технічних дій в таеквондо; 3) визначені закономірності зв’язків і стосунків між елементами системи рухових дій таеквондо в безопорному положенні; 4) обґрунтована специфіка фізичної підготовки до виконання безопорних складно-координаційних технічних дій таеквондо.
EN
The article addresses the topical scientific problems: 1) the research base in the field of management of taekwondo sportsmen training are analyzed; 2) the features of hard-coordination technical actions performance in taekwondo are revealed; 3) the patterns of connections and relationships between the elements of motor actions in taekwondo unsupported position are defined; 4) the specificity of physical fitness to perform unsupported hard-coordination technical actions in taekwondo is substantiated.
UK
У статті авторами переконливо доведена теза про те, що підвищення спортивної майстерності курсантів-єдиноборців Національної академії Національної гвардії України можна добитися шляхом вдосконалення їх підготовки в річному циклі за рахунок оптимальної структури тренувального процесу. Використання розроблених авторами моделей підвищення спортивної майстерності і формування і закріплення навичок маневрування і просторово-часового орієнтування дозволяє удосконалити систему спортивної підготовки і сприяє підвищенню спортивної майстерності курсантів-єдиноборців.
EN
The author convincingly proves the thesis that improving sports skills of students-combat of the National Guard National Academy of Ukraine can be achieved by improving their preparation in the annual cycle through the optimal structure of the training process. Using the model developed by the authors for improving sports skills and the formation and consolidation of skills and manoeuvring space-time orientation allows to improve the system of sports training and promotes sportsmanship of cadets combat.
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