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Wieki Stare i Nowe
|
2023
|
vol. 18
|
issue 23
1-14
EN
The aim of the article is to present the process of educating the future ruler shown in two humanistc pedagogical treatises. The first of them, De institutione regii pueri (1502/1503), was probably inspired by Elżbieta Rakuszanka, who was awaiting the birth of the firstborn child of her son Władysław Jagiellończyk. The treaty is a practical approach to educating the future ruler in terms of expected values, attitudes and behavior. In contrast, Institutio principis christiani (1516), by Erasmus of Rotterdam, was written for Prince Charles Habsburg, the future spanish king and emperor. His work shows the vision of an ideal christian ruler, difficult to achieve in reality.
PL
Celem artykułu jest ukazanie procesu wychowania przyszłego władcy przedstawionego w dwóch traktatach pedagogicznych okresu humanizmu. Pierwszy z nich, De institutione regii pueri (1502/1503), powstał zapewne z inspiracji Elżbiety Rakuszanki oczekującej narodzin pierworodnego dziecka swego syna Władysława Jagiellończyka. Traktat ten stanowi zbiór praktycznych uwag do wychowania przyszłego władcy z uwzględnieniem oczekiwanych wartości, postaw i zachowań. Natomiast Institutio principis christiani (1516) został napisany przez Erazma z Rotterdamu dla księcia Karola Habsburga, przyszłego króla hiszpańskiego i cesarza. W dziele tym zaprezentowano wizję idealnego władcy chrześcijańskiego, trudną jednak do zrealizowania w rzeczywistości.
EN
As is well known, the long-lasting influence in Poland of Hoffmanowa’s conservative pedagogical treatise "Keepsake of a Good Mother" (1819) was criticized by more progressive Polish women writers of the 19th century, such as Narcyza Żmichowska and Eliza Orzeszkowa. But the unexpected success of that book in other Slav countries later in the 19th century, especially in Bohemia, is less well known. Honorata Zapová born Wiśniowska (1825-1856), a member of the Galician Polish szlachta who moved to Prague after her marriage in 1841 to the Czech writer Karel Vladislav Zap, has been recently exhumed as a Czech writer by Czech and Polish literary criticism: apart from her essays in Czech journals on her native country, much emphasis has been laid on the value of her most important work, "Nezabudky, dar našim pannám" (published in 1859), which was the first book of pedagogy dedicated to the instruction of young women in Bohemia. In her preface to this book, Zapová mentions Hoffmanowa as being one of her many sources of inspiration. Wishing to know more about what exactly Zapová owes to Hoffmanowa, in this article I compare Hoffmanowa’s book of pedagogy with Zapová’s. I am astonished to discover that Zapová’s book is in fact an almost literal translation from Polish to Czech of "Keepsake of a Good Mother" – in other words, that it is a plagiarism of Hoffmanowa’s book. The main question I ask here is: why did no one until now, either in 19th-century criticism or in our contemporary criticism, mention this literary fraud before?
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