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Proměna nobilitační politiky podunajské monarchie po roce 18481

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Županič J., Miller S.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
|
2019
|
vol. 117
|
issue 3
535-585
EN
After 1848, most of the noble privileges were cancelled in the Danube Monarchy and noble titles transformed into a special form of state honour, the character of which was exceptional in its form. Nobilitation ad personam never occurred, because it contradicted Hungarian law. The nobility was the appreciation of merit as such; the title, which in the previous centuries represented an important symbol of the social and power position of the individual and the family, was newly dependent only on the position honoured on the social ladder. In that, the state logically favoured civil servants (officials and officers). A slightly different aristocratic policy was practiced in Austria and Hungary. The extraordinary increase in nobilitations that occurred after the middle of the 19th century and the weakening of the position of the nobility as a result of the changes after 1848 resulted in the closure of the family aristocracy and it further deepened the already deep moat between the old and the new nobility. The failed policy of creation of the elites is one of the causes of the rapid abolition of aristocracy after 1918.
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