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Polskie frazeologizmy w słoweńskich przekładach wierszy Wisławy Szymborskiej

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Baran K.
Przekłady Literatur Słowiańskich
|
2012
|
vol. 3
|
issue 1
200-215
SL
Frazemi so pogosto uporabljeni v poljski poeziji. Zaradi svoje ekspresivnosti in sprejemljivosti za pesniške operacije, postajajo objekti besednih iger. Szymborska pogosto uporablja frazeološke modifikacije, kot so: kontaminacija, odstranitev člena, substitucija. V njeni poezji so frazemi ali frazeološke modifikacije nosilci ironije in humorja, omogočajo intelektualno distanciranje in čustveno zadržanost. Prevod frazemov je problematičen zaradi njihove ekspresivnosti, simboličnosti in večpomenskosti. V frazemih je skrita jezikovna podoba sveta določene kulture, ki zahteva od prevajalca odkritje in interpretacijo. Večina frazemov in njihovih modifikacij, ki se nahajajo v poeziji Szymborske, ima svoje ekvivalente. Ko jih ni, prevajalci lahko izbirajo eno izmed naslednjih prevajalskih metod, kot so: uporaba svobodne besedne zveze, dobesedni prevod, amplifikacija. Ta sredstva povzročajo leksikalne in stilistične spremembe, ki ne vplivajo na kakovost prevoda. Te spremembe so povezane z dejstvom, da zaradi konfrontacije med poljsko in slovensko kulturo nastajajo jezikovne in kulturne ovire. Jezikovne ovire se nanašajo na sistemske razlike med jeziki, vidni so zlasti v leksiki in sintaksi. Kulturne ovire so povezane z raznovrstno stopnjo vpliva nemške in francoske kulture na poljsko in slovensko območje in tudi z načinom izražanja ironije. Vloga prevajalca temelji na posredovanju med dvema kulturama. Prevajalec mora ugotoviti, kako naj premaga jezikovne in kulturne ovire.
EN
Idioms are often used in polish poetry. Due to their expressiveness and vulnerability for linguistic operations they are subject to different language games. Szymborska often uses transformation of idioms such as: contamination, removing of element, substitution. In her poetry idioms and their modifications are carriers of irony and jokes, they allow to preserve the intellectual and emotional distance restraint. Translation of idioms is problematic because of their expressiveness, symbolic recognition of world and ambiguity. In idioms is hidden a linguistic picture of world, which requires discovery and interpretation by an translator. Vast majority of idioms and their transformations occurring in the poems of Wislawa Szymborska has its own equivalents. In the case they doesn’t have their own equivalents, translators uses following techniques: free combi¬nation of words, tracing, amplification. These techniques causes changes in vocabulary and style, but they doesn’t affect the quality of translation. These changes are related to collision of Polish and Slovenian culture, which causes language and cultural Barriers. Language barriers relate to systemic differences between the languages, are especially noticeable in vocabulary and syntax. Cultural barriers are associated with different degree of influence of German and French culture into Poland and Slovenia, and the expression of irony. The role of the interpreter is to mediate between two cultures, and establish methods to overcome cultural and linguistic barriers.
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