Search results

1

Komunia z Bogiem źródłem i owocem trzeźwości

100%

Kulbacki P.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

|

2010

|

vol. 19

105-116

EN

The paper concerns one of the most important issues of modern civilisation witch is an education for sobriety life and shows the rule of the liturgy in this process. The Bible preaching the praise of God’s gift witch is the wine at the same time calls for sobriety. From its beginning the Church was excluded tipsiness. Alcohol problems are often masked by alcohol use custom. The addicted treats somebody to alcohol for have a pretext for drinking themselves. An important witness for the new evangelisation are an abstinent habits witch are associated with the sacraments as the rites of passage. Those habits show that never alcohol, but Kyrios is the only source of joy and happines of Christians. A spirituality of communion for witch called John Paul II in Novo millennio ineunte is expressed in the responsilibity for education of adults and adolescents to a sober life.

2

Rodzina szkołą trzeźwości

100%

Kulbacki P.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

|

2011

|

vol. 20

117-128

EN

In this paper there are presented several elements of strengthening the educational role of the family, whitch concerns: social and religious socialization, as a basic function of the family; forms of education for sobriety in the family; institutions and social groups that support education to sobriety; problem of education to sobriety in a dysfunctional family. The education to sobriety can not be isolated from the whole process of social and religious education. Formation the virtue of sobriety, backed by a radical testimony of the parents, should penetrate all direct and indirect influences of education.

3

Wizerunek działacza antyalkoholowego w przekazie „Przyjaciela Trzeźwości” (1927-1939)

84%

Krasińska I.

Studia Gdańskie

|

2019

|

issue 44

205-224

PL

„Przyjaciel Trzeźwości” (1907-1914; 1927-1939) to jedno z popularniejszych polskojęzycznych czasopism abstynenckich. Celem tych pism było ukazywanie szkodliwego wpływu alkoholu, tytoniu, hazardu, pokarmów mięsnych oraz rozpusty, a po pierwszej wojnie światowej również narkotyków, na zdrowie jednostki i społeczeństwa. Na łamach omawianego periodyku odnoszono się do różnych abstynenckich kwestii. Redaktorzy i współpracownicy informowali czytelników o rozwijającym się ruchu antyalkoholowym w Polsce i za granicą, abstynenckim prawodawstwie czy leczeniu nałogu pijaństwa. Prezentowali też abstynencką literaturę naukową i fachową, a zwłaszcza beletrystykę. W „Przyjacielu Trzeźwości” możemy znaleźć ponadto interesujące informacje na temat osób, bez których polski czy światowy ruch antyalkoholowy nie mógłby się rozwijać. I właśnie te zagadnienia stanowią główny cel rozważań. Z uwagi na fakt, że „Przyjaciel Trzeźwości” ukazywał się również w czasach zaborów, ale ten okres w dziejach pisma został już dogłębnie opracowany, autorka ograniczyła się do zaprezentowania interesujących ją kwestii po wznowieniu w 1927 r. zawieszonego z powodu wybuchu pierwszej wojny światowej tytułu.

EN

“Przyjaciel Trzeźwości” [“The Friend of Sobriety”] (1907-1914; 1927-1939) is one of the most popular Polish abstinence magazines. The purpose of these writings was to show the harmful effects of alcohol, tobacco, gambling, meat foods and debauchery, and after the First World War also drugs, on the health of the individual and society. In the columns of the journal, various abstinence issues were considered. The editors and collaborators informed readers about the developing abstinence movement in Poland and abroad, abstinence legislation and the treatment of the various addictions. They also presented scientific and professional abstinence literature, and especially fiction. In “The Friend of Sobriety” we can also find interesting information about the people without whom the Polish and the global abstinence movement, especially the anti-alcohol movement, could not have developed. These issues are the main focus of the article. “The Friend of Sobriety” also appeared during the partitions, but since this period in the history of the magazine has already been thoroughly discussed, the author limits herself to presenting the issues of interest to her after publication of the journal was resumed in 1927 after suspension due to the outbreak of the First World War.

4

Cnota trzeźwości: indywidualna czy społeczna?

84%

Wojcieszek K.

Rocznik Tomistyczny

|

2018

|

vol. 7

255-269

EN

Contemporary societies suffer a lot from the Lack of moderation in the use of psychoactive substances, especially nicotine and ethanol. Traditional approach for regulating the use of ethanol was concentrated on the competencies of a single person, both in the case of sobriety and drunkenness. Saint Thomas Aquinas, in two issues of Summa Theologiae (2-2, qu. 149-150) took a similar position. Meanwhile, it seems that the sobriety and drunkenness have a more social character. It is much more difficult to develop sobriety in the societies in which there is a consent to the abuse of psychoactive substances.

5

Trzeźwość i abstynencja w nauczaniu Kościoła

59%

Bokun J.

Studia Gdańskie

|

2017

|

issue 40

89-102

PL

Celem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na trzeźwość i jej znaczenie w życiu każdego człowieka. Należy bowiem zdawać sobie sprawę, że właśnie trzeźwość odgrywa w ludzkim życiu dominującą rolę – wpływa na jego rozwój, prawidłowe funkcjonowanie rodziny i społeczeństwa. Związana z cnotą umiarkowania pozwala panować nad pożądaniami i przyjemnościami, głównie zmysłowymi tak, by człowiek potrafił kierować się nie tylko sercem i wyobraźnią, ale także rozumem. To właśnie trzeźwość otwiera na miłość, wolność, dojrzałość, odpowiedzialność względem siebie i bliźniego, kierując go ku najwyższej wartości, jaką jest Bóg. Temat trzeźwości towarzyszy człowiekowi już od samego początku jego istnienia. Mówi o tym już Pismo Święte Starego i Nowego Testamentu, które przestrzega przed nadużywaniem alkoholu, pisząc o jego zgubnym działaniu zamykającym człowiekowi drogę do zbawienia będącego celem każdej osoby. Toteż o trzeźwości, oraz zgubnych skutkach związanych z jej brakiem, Kościół mówi w swoim nauczaniu od pierwszych wieków istnienia. Już wielcy Ojcowie Kościoła, tacy jak: św. Klemens Aleksandryjski, św. Hieronim, św. Augustyn wypowiadali się na ten temat, a w średniowieczu św. Tomasz z Akwinu opisał cnotę trzeźwości w swoich pismach. Kościół, kierując się troską o człowieka i realizację jego powołania, nieustannie z całą mocą i siłą wspiera działania zmierzające do życia w trzeźwości. Realizuje to zadanie między innymi poprzez nauczanie,oraz dokumenty, w których mówi na temat trzeźwości.

EN

The starting point for writing the article was to draw attention to sobriety and what it is for every human being. One should be aware that sobriety plays a dominant role in human life - in its development and in the proper functioning of the family and society. The virtue of moderation can prevail over the desires and pleasures, especially sensual pleasures, enabling a person to be guided not only by the heart and the imagination, but also by reason. It is sobriety that opens the way to love, freedom, maturity and responsibility for one another, directing people to the highest value, which is God. The issue of sobriety has accompanied man from the very beginning of his existence. The Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments warn against the abuse of alcohol, writing about its pernicious effect in closing the way of salvation, which is the goal of every human person. Therefore Holy Church mentions sobriety, and the evils associated with its absence in her teaching from the first centuries of her existence. Even the great Fathers of the Church, such as St. Clement of Alexandria, St. Jerome and St. Augustine, spoke on sobriety, and in the Middle Ages St. Thomas Aquinas described the virtues of sobriety in his writings. The Church, guided by concern for the human being and the realization of his vocation, always lends her power and whole-hearted support to campaigns that encourage people to live in sobriety. She accomplishes this task by teaching, and by the documents which discuss matters of sobriety.

6

Koncepcje przeciwdziałania alkoholizmowi i narkomanii w Polsce okresu międzywojennego

48%

Nelken J.

Archiwum Kryminologii

|

1987

|

issue XIV

201-225

EN

The birth of the independent Poland in 1918 activated a social movement against alcoholism and drug addiction. In 1919, the Polish Society for Fighting Alcoholism ,,Trzeźwość'' ("Sobriety'') was established which operated nationwide and which in the period between the two wars became the main factor of fighting alcoholism. In the light of the Statute of "Trzeźwość" and resolutions of the Polish anti-alcoholic congresses, as well as the postulates of psychiatrists, the ideas of how to fight alcoholism included three spheres: a. anti-alcoholic legislation and its practical enforcement; b. anti-alcoholic propaganda and education; c. treatment of alcoholics. In 1919, a draft was submitted to the Diet that proposed a total prohibition of production and sale of alcoholic beverages. It was referred to a Diet commission which subsequently changed its contents. Then. The Diet passed an Act of 23 April 1920 on restrictions in sale of alcoholic beverages. The Act, based on a concept of partial prohibition. Introduced considerable restrictions in sale of beverages containing over 2.5 per cent of pure alcohol, and a total prohibition of sale of beverages with over 45 per cent alcohol. Moreover, the sale of alcohol was prohibited to workers on paydays and holidays, as well as at markets, fairs, church fairs, pilgrimages, on trains and at railway stations. According to the Act, each rural or urban commune could introduce on its territory a total prohibition of sale of alcoholic beverages by voting. The Act limited the number of places where alcohol could be sold or served to one per 2,500 of the population all over the country. A licence issued by administrative authorities was required to sell or serve alcohol. The statutory instrument to this Act created commissions for fighting alcoholism of the 1st and 2nd instances which were to supervise the compliance to the Act of 1920 and to impose penalties provided for the infringement of its provisions. The commissions consisted of representatives of the State administration and social organizations engaged in fighting alcoholism. Moreover, the Act of 2l January 1922 introduced a penalty of fine or arrest for being drunk in public. A person who brought another person to the state of intoxication was also liable to these penalties. The complete execution of the anti-alcoholic Act met with obstacles: for instance, alcohol was secretly served on the days of prohibition (e.g. during fairs). The Act of 31 July 1924 established the Polish Spirit Monopoly (P.M.S.). The production of spirit and pure vodka thus became a State monopoly' Production and sale of the P.M.S. beverages increased gradually as it constituted an important source of the State revenue. For this reason. a new anti-alcoholic Act of 21 March 1931 was passed which greatly reduced the restrictions in the sale of alcohol as compared with former regulations. A further reduction in these restrictions resulted from Acts of 1932 and 1934. The P.M.S. Board of Directors argued that a growth in production was necessary to suppress illegal distilling of alcohol the products of which were imperfectly rectified and threatened the health of the population. Instead according to the conception of "Trzeźwość’’ and other social organizations engaged in fighting alcoholism. illegal distilling of alcohol should be detected and suppresed by the police while it was in the interest of the health and morals of the population to curtail greatly the sale of alcohol and for this reason it was necessary to reintroduce the anti-alcoholic Act of 1920 However, in consideration of the State's fiscal interests. the Act was not reintroduced and the other Acts that extended the production and sale of the P.M.S. products were only replaced after World War II. According to the ideas of ,,Trzeźwość'' and other organizations fighting alcoholism, anti-alcoholic propaganda and education should be made by professionals and have a wide range, since it is impossible to fight alcoholism without informing the population of the harmful effects of alcohol. Guidelines for this activity were worked out at the Polish anti-alcoholic congresses of which there were seven in the period between the wars. Besides, in 1937 the 21st International Anti-Alcoholic Congress took place in Warsaw during which the Polish draft of an international anti-alcoholic convention was Supported. The draft provided a considerable limitation of alcohol sale, a regulation of penal liability for offences and transgressions committed in the state of intoxication, and lectures on alcohology in schools. The states signatories to the convention would be called upon to pass acts consistent with the content of the convention. The work on this draft was stopped by the outbreak of the war. The resolutions of the Polish anti-alcoholic congresses demanded lectures on alcohology in all types of schools, at teachers courses and at specialist courses for employees of various departments, the Ministry in of Communication particular. The range of alcohology taught at schools should be conformed to the type of school and the general knowledge or students. The postulate of teaching alcohology in schools was partly realized and courses were organized for railway employees by the Abstainer Railwaymen League. At the State School of Hygiene in Warsaw a several days course in alcohology was organized every year in which 200--300 persons participated, mainly teachers, physicians and clergymen of various denominations. Besides, ,,Trzeźwość'' organized travelling exhibitions that made tours of towns to show the harmful effects of alcoholism. The Abstainer Railwaymen League organized, an exhibition in a railway carriage which was visited by many thousands of persons at railway stations in different parts of the country. A lecturer on alcohology was employed to have talks during the exhibition. In early February every year a nationwide Sobriety Propagation Week was organized. Various publications were also brought out which demonstrated the harmful effects of alcohol and the ways of fighting alcoholism, both scientific and those for general use. Treatment of alcoholics was postulated; it was carried out in closed hospital wards or in out-patient clinics. The former was more effective; however it was less frequently applied as compared with the out-patient treatment since there were no provisions which would legalize compulsory treatment of alcoholics and drug addicts and it was easier to obtain the patient's consent to treatment in a clinic than in a hospital. Compulsory treatment was only possible if the court applied medical security measures in cases of offences connected with abuse of alcohol or drugs. (Art. 82 of the Penal code of 1932). The mental hygiene, movement, initiated in Poland in the early thirties, resulted in a growth in the number of clinics engaged in prevention and treatment, that is in a development of treatment of alcoholics in specialized anti-alcoholic clinics. The necessity of taking the children of alcoholics under educational and medical indicated. An important part is this field fell to social nurses attached to the clinics whose task was among other things to bring the alcoholics children to the clinic and see to their medical treatment if necessary. The organization of special schools for mentally deficient and morally neglected children, whose parents were frequently alcoholics, was also initiated. Psychiatrists demanded an elaboration and introduction of an act on compulsory treatment of alcoholics and drug addicts, organization of special wards for notorious alcoholics in mental hospitals, prolongation of treatment from 6 to 12 months (which was considered particularly necessary in the case of chronic alcoholism), a joint alcoholism and psychiatric treatment if required, in the case of alcohol psychosis in particular, and check-up of the cured alcoholics and drug addicts. In Poland drug addiction has never reached the proportions of alcoholism. Its most frequent forms were morphinism and cocainism. Its fighting was facilitated by the passing of an Act of June 23, 1923 which prohibited production, processing, export. import. storage of and any trade in all drugs. For infringement of the Act, penalties of fine and up to 5 years deprivation of liberty were provided. However, there was no act to legalize compulsory treatment of drug addicts. They could only be treated in closed hospital wards since in the case of drug addiction, out-patient treatment was considered to be ineffective. In 1931, the Polish Committee for Drugs and Prevention of Drug Addiction was set up as, an advisory body attached to the Minister of Health and Social Welfare, which consisted mainly of physicians and chemists. In order to fight drug addiction effectively, increased detection of export and sale of drugs was postulated as well as supervision of prescriptions and of obtaining drugs on prescription at chemist's. Chemists were compelled to keep a special book of in- and out-goings of drugs which could only be sold on prescription for therapeutical purposes. Attenton was drawn to the necessity of an instruction, to be passed by the Minister of Internal Affairs, according to which the production of doctors seals and forms would only be possible on presentation of the identity card, since drug addicts used to order seals and forms bearing names of famous practitioners. Medical check-up of released prisoners who had been cured of drug addiction when serving their sentences was also postulated. In consequence of the spread of ether drinking in the Upper Silesia in 1936, a wide-range operation was carried out which consisted in a vigorous fight against smuggling and sale of ether (which was mainly smuggled from Germany) and in informing the population as to the harmful effects of ether drinking.

Refine search results

2 Studia Gdańskie

2 Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

1 Archiwum Kryminologii

1 Rocznik Tomistyczny

2 Kulbacki P.

1 Bokun J.

1 Krasińska I.

1 Nelken J.

1 Wojcieszek K.

1 2019

1 2018

1 2017

1 2011