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1

Znaczenie studiów historycznych dla planów zagospodarowania przestrzennego miast

100%

Krzyszkowski A.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1954

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issue 2

69-76

2

Z dziejów konserwacji zabytków na terenie Wieliczki

100%

Gaczoł A.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1992

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issue 4

341-353

EN

The 700th anniversary of granting civic rights to Wieliczka inspired a closer look at the history of protection and conservation of Wieliczka historical monuments. Conservation traditions in Wieliczka go back to the late 19th century, when St Sebastian's church, built in the 16th c. of larch wood, was renovated. The church was the only object, apart from the famous Salt Mine, which for centuries had been associated by the inhabitants of Wieliczka with the wealth and power of Poland from the times before partitions. The conservation was initiated and nearly completely financed by the citizens, organized in the Committee for the Protection of St Sebastian's Church. Extensive renovation works were supervised by Sławomir Odrzywolski, an architect and conservation specialist. One of the participants was Włodzimierz Tetmajer, a painter and writer, a wall-know representative of the artistic trend called „The Young Poland" (Art Nouveau). Between the world wars the management of the Salt Mine and the Cracow Voivodship Monument Conservation Office undertook a renovation and re-gothicization of the fourteenth-century defensive tower preserved near the Salt Mine Castle complex. The works were planned by an outstanding architect and conservation specialist, Zygmunt Hendel, and supervised by architect Henryk Jasieński. In the years 1 9 4 5 -1 9 8 0 the most important problem in Wieliczka in this field was to save the remains of the central wing of the mediaeval Salt Mine Castle, which for centuries had been the seat of the Mine managers. The so-called ,,House-in-the-Mine" was ruined by explosions of Soviet air bombs in January 1945. The initial plan was to leave the Castle's fragments as a socalled „permanent ruin", but in 1958 the voivodship monument conserver, Dr Hanna Pieńkowska, decided that it should be rebuilt. In 1966 Professor Alfons Długosz, a painter and photographer, the initiator of the Cracow Salt Mines Museum, proposed to adapt the Castle for a museum. Eighteen years after Dr Pieńkowska's decision (after overcoming numerous difficulties which are elaborated on in the article) Cracow conservation Workshop started the work. The reconstruction of the House- -in-the-Mine took 8 years. In 1985 three permanent exposition were opened in the Castle interiors: an archaeological one, a historical one and an exhibition of saltcellars from the Cracow Salt Mine Museum collection. After World War II several projects of a complete revival of the historical centre of Wieliczka were prepared. The arrangement of the „town at the Great Salt" goes back to the 13th c. The original oval arrangement around a market place was replaced in the times of king Casimir the Great (mid 14th c.) by the chessboard plan, which has survived until the present moment. In 1968 Wieliczka was included into the list of 17 most valuable urban complexes in Poland, which the then authorities wanted to reconstruct and bring back to the state of splendour. This action did not cause the expected results. After 1974, due to organizational chaos following the new administrative division of the country, new housing quarters in Wieliczka were built in the way that degraded the historical spatial arrangement. In the centre large and intrusive buildings such as a supermarket, a post office and a restaurant with a big parking place were situated. At the end of 70s a plan of the development of the Cracow urban complex was worked out and accepted. It assumed that Wieliczka would be incorporated into nearby Cracow. In the years 1980-1983 a very detailed study devoted to the history and conservation problems of Wieliczka, commissioned by the Voivodship Monument Conserver, was prepared. Its authors, Z. Beiersdorf and B. Krasnowolski, formulated some generals rules useful in creating new town plans and in the conservation of individual historical objects in Wieliczka. It is worth stressing that there are nearly 300 of such objects in the town. In the years 1 984-1986 architect A. Dobrowolski from the Office of the Development of Cracow, also commissioned by the Voivodship Monument Conserved, prepared a plan of conservation and adaptation of the Old Town in Wieliczka. The plan was based on historical studies and preserved most of the town's culturalł values. It also specified the criteria of its realization in the changing conditions of Polish social life and economy. The author of the article points out that the complicated process of full conservation of a historical urban complex requires long and costly work. It should be preceded by reconstructing the significance of the town as a synonym of a community with history-based structure. In the case of Wieliczka it means reconstructing the consciousness of a community living in a town with 700 years of history, a town which, thanks to the magnificent Salt Mine - included into UNESCO's first List of World Cultural and Natural Heritage in 1978 - attracts numerous visitors from Poland and from abroad.

3

Uwagi o urbanistyce dawnych miast biskupich na terenie obecnego województwa kieleckiego

84%

Morawski P.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1960

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issue 1-4

47-52

4

Prawna ochrona XX-wiecznych układów urbanistycznych na przykładzie Gdyni

67%

Hirsch R.

Ochrona Zabytków

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2010

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issue 1-4

263-278

EN

In 2007, the urban layout of the city centre of Gdynia, shaped and built in the 1920s and 1930s, was entered into the register of monuments of the Pomeranian Voivodeship. The area concerned covers about 91 hectares, i.e. more than 0.9 square km. The entire area is very densely built-up. There are about 450 different buildings, most of which are five- to six-storey tenement houses. The area includes 24 complexes and buildings entered into the register of monuments, on the basis of separate decisions. It is therefore an area of the greatest concentration of significant architectural works in Gdynia. Including the city centre layout in the register has inspired numerous activities related to this unique – still rather young and very extensive – historic area. The Gdynia Commune has taken up works on creating and implementing local development plans for the entire area. Conservation decisions and arrangements in development plans are prepared in cooperation with planners, monument conservators, residents and users, among others. Such plans include detailed and precise regulations concerning spatial issues, such as the height and type of new developments, as well as the protection of and possible changes to the existing buildings. The plans also contain a division of the preserved houses into groups of different historic value and the scope of protection is dependent on this value. In accordance with international trends, the protection also covers some valuable buildings from the 1960s and 1970s. The regulations of the development plans constitute the local law – they are enacted by the City Council and are accessible to all interested parties. By the end of 2011, around 95% of the historical area will be included in the local development plans. After including the layout of the city centre in the register of monuments, a funding system for conservation works has also been introduced for all the buildings in the area that were built before 1989. Every year, more than 1 million PLN is allocated for this purpose from the City of Gdynia’s budget. The funding may cover 30% to 75% of renovation costs, depending on the building’s historical value. In the last 3 years, owners of about 30 buildings, mainly private tenement houses, have taken advantage of the funding scheme. Public financial support for the works enables better control and provides a broader scope of possibilities of restoring historic solutions or using more complicated technologies. It also creates a good basis for communication and long-term cooperation with monument owners. The inclusion of the city centre of Gdynia in the register of historical monuments has also been a symbolic recognition and an official acknowledgement of the cultural value of this part of the city. Many people have found a new interest in modernism and the history of Gdynia, and the unique architecture of the 1930s has gained more enthusiasts. The City of Gdynia widely implements research and popularising works related to modernist architecture. In the scientific and conservation circles, academic conferences under the theme of “Modernism in Europe – Modernism in Gdynia” have become well-known. They were held in 2007 and 2009, and the next one will take place in September of 2012. Apart from events for specialists, open mass events dedicated to getting to know and visiting the city’s monuments have been taking place since 2010. Each of them has attracted hundreds of people. The tourist Trail of Modernism of Gdynia, where people can buy folders and souvenirs related to modernism, has been functioning for almost a year. Activities related to the protection and conservation of modernist Gdynia have aroused interest throughout the country and have provoked positive comments also among international specialists. In the German newspaper, Der Tagesspiegel, Berlin columnist Thomas Flierl published an article on the history of Gdynia and discovering the city’s value in contemporary times, as well as the protection of the city centre. German monuments conservator, Professor Jörg Haspel, has suggested that Gdynia should apply for inclusion in the Heritage Label list that is being created by the Council of Europe.

5

Formowanie się ram przestrzennych i instytucjonalnych gminy miejskiej w średniowiecznym Lublinie (XIII i XIV w.)

67%

Okniński P.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio F – Historia

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2017

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vol. 72

EN

This article deals with the formation of institutional structures and spatial frames of the late medieval urban settlement, which developed throughout the 13th and 14th centuries on the Old Town-Hill in Lublin. Author reinterprets the findings of previous studies on Lublin’s history in the light of Max Weber’s concept of Western-European model of the urban community. Town of this type is characterized as an autonomous administrative unit, having its own communal government and jurisdiction system, as well as a territorial entity of defined boundaries. Author distinguishes three steps of the urban development in Lublin: 1) establishment of an early urban settlement along today’s Grodzka Street, in the neighborhood of St. Michael the Archangel’s church in the 13th century, 2) implementation of municipal law and the creation of new urban layout by Ladislaus the Elbow-High and Casimir the Great, 3) rapid acceleration of institutional and spatial development after Casimir’s death.

PL

Artykuł dotyczy formowania się struktur instytucjonalnych i ram przestrzennych późnośredniowiecznego osadnictwa miejskiego, które rozwinęły się w ciągu XIII i XIV stulecia na Wzgórzu Staromiejskim w Lublinie. Autor reinterpretuje ustalenia wcześniejszych badań nad historią Lublina w świetle koncepcji Maxa Webera o zachodnioeuropejskim modelu miasta komunalnego. Miasto tego typu jest charakteryzowane jako autonomiczna jednostka administracyjna, posiadająca własny samorząd gminny i system sądownictwa, jak również jako podmiot terytorialny z określonymi granicami. Autor wyróżnia trzy etapy rozwoju miejskiego w Lublinie: 1) powstanie wczesnomiejskiego osadnictwa wzdłuż dzisiejszej ulicy Grodzkiej, w sąsiedztwie kościoła św. Michała Archanioła w XIII w., 2) wprowadzenie prawa miejskiego i stworzenie nowego układu urbanistycznego przez Władysława Łokietka i Kazimierza Wielkiego, 3) gwałtowne przyspieszenie rozwoju instytucjonalnego i przestrzennego po śmierci Kazimierza.

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Znaczenie studiów historycznych dla planów zagospodarowania przestrzennego miast

Z dziejów konserwacji zabytków na terenie Wieliczki

Uwagi o urbanistyce dawnych miast biskupich na terenie obecnego województwa kieleckiego

Prawna ochrona XX-wiecznych układów urbanistycznych na przykładzie Gdyni

Formowanie się ram przestrzennych i instytucjonalnych gminy miejskiej w średniowiecznym Lublinie (XIII i XIV w.)