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Nutritional status among boys and girls of a central Indian Town (Sagar)

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Thakur R., Gautam R. K.
Anthropological Review
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2015
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vol. 78
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issue 2
197-212
EN
The prevalence of undernutrition is a significant area of concern in many developing countries, where it is a major public health problem. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of undernutrition among school-going boys and girls of central Indian city Sagar, MP. A total of 612 individuals (312 girls and 300 boys) aged 5–18 years were examined and compared to the NCHS reference data. The nutritional status was assessed using following anthropometric indicators: body height and weight, body mass index (BMI) and composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF). It was found that girls were heavier (1 kg) and taller (2–5 cm) than boys up to 15 and 13 years of age, respectively. After that, boys became taller with 1 to 13 cm. The mean BMI of boys was higher to girls up to 10 year of age after that the trend was reversed. Comparison of the present findings with NCHS reference data revealed that Indian girls and boys were lagging behind. The difference in body weight between the reference data and the present sample was around 5 to 6 kg. The pattern of difference in body height revealed small amount during early childhood (6.6.cm and 9.6 cm in girls and boys 5 years of age). This difference more than doubled at the age of 14 years in girls 16.7 cm and in boys 17.5 cm (p<0.01). Similar pattern was found for BMI with 6.5 kg/m2 and 6.3 kg/m2 in 14 years old girls and 16 years old boys (p<0.01). Z-score values of weight-for-age, height-for-age and BMI-for-age revealed that that boys were more likely to be stunted than girls whereas girls were more likely to be underweight and undernourished than boys. In terms of CIAF 10.6% girls and 10% boys were undernourished. The results of the present study indicate that there is great need for implementation of health programmes to eliminate gender inequalities and improve children’s health.
2

Body Mass Index in elderly people - do the reference ranges matter?

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Babiarczyk B., Turbiarz A.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2012
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vol. 2
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issue 1
58-67
EN
Introduction: Changes in body composition have important implications for the health status and functional efficiency of the elderly. There are many different methods used to diagnose malnutrition, with BMI being used most frequently. Purpose: The objective of this research was to analyse the nutritional status of over 65 year olds using different BMI ranges and verify if the BMI cut-off values for the elderly are justified. Materials and methods: The study population consisted of people aged 65 years and over, hospitalized in selected medical and care institutions located within the Bielsko county. Information was compiled by a questionnaire and the research was conducted by a direct interview. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, BMI) were taken and clinical data were obtained from review of the participants’ medical charts. Results: In total, 202 people took part in the study. The majority of the study population were women (73.76%). The average age of participants was 77.59 ± 7.35 years. The average length of stay was 3.16 ± 2.48 days (hospitalized patients) and 66.17 ± 55.64 months (residents of care institutions). The majority of participants (86.63%) suffered from multiple diseases. The average BMI of the surveyed was 27.76±5.34 kg/m2. According to WHO recommendations, 24.75% of participants were classified as having a “desirable” BMI, whereas 71.29% of them exceeded the “desirable” BMI range. BMI analysis in accordance with criteria proposed by the Committee on Diet and Health classified 38.61% of participants as having a “desirable” BMI, 39.11% as overweight or obese and 22.28% as being underweight. Conclusions: Our study showed that BMI range for elderly were more effective in detecting of under nutrition in study population. However, more researches are needed to define specific BMI cut-off points for elderly and, once defined, these standards should be applied as international standards.
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Report on "anthropometric failure" among rural 2-6 years old Indian Bauri caste children of West Bengal

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Das S., Bose K.
Anthropological Review
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2009
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vol. 72
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issue 1
81-88
EN
This study was undertaken to determine the overall prevalence of undernutrition using the composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) among the Bauri caste rural preschool children of the Purulia District, West Bengal, India. A total of 347 children (185 boys and 162 girls) aged 2-6 years were measured. Stunting, underweight and wasting were used to evaluate the nutritional status of the subjects (compared with children of the United States NCHS reference sample) and CIAF for the total children. Among the studied Bauri children, 39.2% were stunted, 51.2% - underweight and 26.6% - wasted. The CIAF showed a higher prevalence of undernutrition, with a total of 66.3% of Bauri caste preschool children suffering from at least one type of "anthropometric failure". Among the studied children only 33.7% showed no failure. Valuable health and nutrition promotional programs can be formulated based on the CIAF findings with the ultimate objective of reducing childhood undernutrition in a population of India.
PL
Badania wykonano w celu określenia poziomu niedożywienia wiejskich indyjskich dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym, należących do kasty Bauri (kasta o niskim statusie, której przedstawiciele są głównie najemnymi pracownikami fizycznymi), w dystrykcie Parulia w Bengalu Zachodnim. Niedożywienie określano kompleksowym wskaźnikiem "fiaska antropometrycznego" (CIAF). Zbadano 347 dzieci (185 chłopców i 162 dziewczynki) w wieku 2-6 lat. Przypadki skrajnego niedożywienia rejestrowano w trzech kategoriach: "niedorastania", "wychudzenia" i "wyniszczenia" (układem odniesienia były normy rozwojowe dzieci ze Stanów Zjednoczonych z lat 60.-70.), z których powstają grupy składające się na wskaźnik CIAF. Wśród zbadanych dzieci kasty Bauri, 39,2% kwalifikowało się do kategorii "niedorośniętych", 51,2% - "wychudzonych" i 26,6% - "wyniszczonych". Wskaźnik CIAF, uwzględniający wystąpienie u dziecka co najmniej jednej ze wspomnianych wyżej kategorii, osiągnął wartość 66,3% - zaledwie 33,7% dzieci pod względem żadnej z badanych cech nie znalazło się poniżej progu, jaki stanowi wartość 5. centyla uwzględnionych norm.
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