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History takes place. Neuere Forschungen zur Geschichte multiethnischer Städte Zentralund Osteuropas im 20. Jahrhundert

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Koeltzsch I.

Střed. Časopis pro mezioborová studia Střední Evropy 19. a 20. století. / Centre. Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies of Central Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries.

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2015

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vol. 7

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issue 1

131-149

EN

Since the debate on the past and present of Central Europe among emigré writers and intellectuals in the 1980s the urban history of Central and Eastern Europe has become a vivid research fi eld in the German and English historiography. It also went alongside with the ‘spatial turn’ in historiography which claims an importance of space in historical analysis. The review essay discusses three books by two German and one American scholar representing three diff erent perspectives on urban history in the ‘age of extremes’: the city as a space of experience (Lviv), the city as a palimpsest (Grodno) and the microhistory of a city through the lens of a tenement and its residents (Warsaw). All three books demonstrate that urban history beside or even because of its methodological eclecticism off er important insights into the history of society. It illuminates processes of integration, exclusion and annihilation on a local level and integrates them into a macrohistorical analysis as well as into the history of modern social, cultural and political identities and loyalities, emphasising their situativity and fl uidity.

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New Urbanization of the Steppe. Astana: A Capital Called the Capital

100%

Gawęcki M.

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae

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2013

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vol. 31

35-56

EN

Relocating the capital of Kazakhstan from Almaty to Akmola (then renamed Astana) in 1997 has been the subject of an intense debate, particularly within media. The process of creating the new capital of Kazakhstan should consider the broader perspective of historical, political and ideological, social, climatic and geographical factors, and finally to put the matter in terms of architecture and urban planning. The author considers this very broad perspective, finally expressing the hope that the project of “the city of the future” analyzed in the article, will become a permanent part of the Kazakh reality.

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Quarters in the Municipal Authority System in Late Medieval Prussian Towns

88%

Czaja R.

Acta Poloniae Historica

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2019

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vol. 119

PL

The article seeks to comparatively analyse the functions implemented in the Late Middle Ages by quarters in the main towns or cities of Prussia, including Rechtstadt Danzig (Main City of Gdańsk), Altstadt Königsberg (Old Town of Königsberg [today Kaliningrad]), Braunsberg (Braniewo), Altstadt Thorn (Toruń), and Kulm (Chełmno). Special attention is placed on answering the question of how the quarters participated in the municipal authority structures and the relationships between town councils and the commons. Quarters in Prussian towns developed since the fifteenth century, somewhat later than in East Central European towns. Establishment of these units was based on several premises: organisation of fiscal accountancy, fire safety concerns, military purposes, and town councils’ strivings to reinforce control over the dwellers. Influenced by the city revolts at the beginning of the fifteenth and in the sixteenth century, town councils took efforts to create a system of mobilisation and communication with the inhabitants that would work without the intermediation of guilds (as in Elbing [Elbląg], Danzig, and Thorn). Subordination of the older quarters to the municipal authorities caused, moreover, that in the face of internal or external threat, the community appeared as a community ruled by town councillors.

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Changing Social Roles in a Polish-German Border Town: The Case of Międzychód/Birnbaum

88%

Lorenz T.

Acta Poloniae Historica

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2014

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vol. 109

EN

In this article I focus on the questions of how the social roles of Germans and Poles changed after Międzychód/Birnbaum came back to Poland on January 17, 1920; what were the stages in the process of change the town went through; and, what factors were responsible for this change. I begin with a broader introduction presenting, first, the situation in the early modern times, pointing to what it meant to be ‘Polish’ in a ‘German’-dominated urban society in the Greater Poland region; and, second, the change which occurred during the nineteenth century. With the examples of individual biographies, I show the variety of role perceptions in a mixed Polish-German setting. The main section analyses the ways in which the role reversal was enforced in favour of Międzychód’s Poles in the arena of local politics, which is preceded by a glance at the impact of an international conflict between Germany and Poland on the lot of German ‘optants’ – i.e. those who had opted for keeping the German citizenship and who later on were forced by the Polish authorities, in most cases, to leave Poland. My argument is that the role reversal in Międzychód/Birnbaum was a protracted process, which began with the onset of nationalism and was facilitated by economic and social change.

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Města a vojáci v oblasti Opolska za třicetileté války

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Kilián J.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2018

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vol. 73

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issue 3

37-72

EN

The article will focus on various aspects of the coexistence of urban residents from selected Silesian cities (in the area of today’s Opole) with soldiers of domestic and enemy armies during the Thirty Years’ War. Particularly, it will concentrate on the injustices and violence perpetrated, but also on the duties of the townspeople towards soldiers. However, it will also try to investigate the extent to which the experience of the cities was only negative or to trace the basis of possible cooperation between the cities, or further convergence. It also outlines the standard defence mechanisms cities developed over the long years of war to face the military burden.

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"Nechť Třebíč se stane moravským Kladnem!" Veřejný prostor, politika ulice a dělnické hnutí v Třebíči na přelomu 19. a 20. století:

63%

Šmejkal B.

Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)

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2020

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vol. 28

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issue 2

85-101

EN

In this article, based on his bachelor thesis, the author deals with the role of the working-class movement in the public space in late 19th and early 20th century Moravia. The key study the author examines is of a city of Třebíč, one of the centers of the shoe industry and working-class movement in late Habsburg Moravia. The author made a spatial analysis of the city, determining different areas and their development over the time. Based on that, he additionally carried out an analysis of various ways the working-class movement was entering the public space and communicating within, such as strikes, demonstrations, riots and meetings.

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Przypadek miasta „pomiędzy”: architektura i urbanistyka Opola w pierwszych latach powojennych

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Szczepańska B.

Facta Ficta. Journal of Theory, Narrative & Media

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2021

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vol. 7

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issue 1

111-130

EN

The end of the Second World War and subsequent change of European borders were important demarcation lines in the history of many cities. That was also the case of Opole – a city that had been a part of Germany until 1945, became incorporated into Poland, co-creating so-called „Recovered Territories”. New Polish authorities had to rebuilt the city destroyed by war’s aftermath, discover and understand it, as well as create new narratives about Opole as an indigenously Polish city, brought back to its „Motherland” after Second World War. The city’s post-war identity was to be based on changed interpretations of preexisting heritage (such as architecture) as well as certain events in Opole’s post-war history. The aim of those actions was to create a brand new identity, alligned with the politics and propaganda of that period, and to foster the proccess of acclimating new inhabitants with the city. The issues relating to Opole’s post-war architectural and urban development have not yet been researched by art and architecture historians. The aim of the chapter called The case of a city „in-between”: architecture and urban planning during first postwar years is to fill this gap by presenting on a group of examples the issue of Opole’s development in the first five years after the end of Second World War (1945-1950) as a byproduct of tensions and tractions occuring between antagonistic pursuits, ideas and attitudes. Among those aformentioned binaries, which affected the city’s image and development, are: Wrocław and Katowice; Lower and Upper Silesia; big and small city; Polishness and Germanness; interruption and continuation; negation and acceptance. Tensions rising between those oppositions, which can be seen in Opole’s post-war history, turned Opole into a curious case of a city „in-between”.

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Elbing vs. Elbląg. From contested land to decolonial representations

63%

Hiemer E.-M.

Czytanie Literatury. Łódzkie Studia Literaturoznawcze

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2023

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issue 12

95-113

PL

Zmiany terytorialne po II wojnie światowej pociągnęły za sobą istotne zmiany demograficzne: w Elblągu wysiedlono Niemców, a osiedlono Polaków z dawnych ziem wschodnich. Nie tylko narodowa, ale i prywatna historia musiała być tworzona od podstaw. Poprzez badanie różnych rodzajów tekstów i map (wspomnienia, przewodniki turystyczne, literatura, wystawy), w artykule przeanalizowano rozbieżne narracje o mieście i sąsiedztwie z niemieckiej i polskiej perspektywy. Oprócz analizy głównych motywów i strategii narracyjnych, które opierają się na miejskiej wizualizacji pamięci, artykuł kwestionuje popularne pojęcie palimpsestu na rzecz dekolonialnej perspektywy przestrzeni miejskiej. Odpowiedź na pytanie o to, jak wyobrazić sobie miasto poza koncepcjami narodowymi, może stymulować ponowne rozważania na temat hierarchicznych struktur miast.

EN

Territorial shifts after World War II entailed critical demographic changes: Germans were expelled from Elbing; Poles from the eastern territories were supposed to take their place in Elbląg. Personal and national narratives had to be created from scratch. The article explores different forms of texts and maps – memoirs, tourist guides, literature, and an exhibition – to scrutinise different city and neighbourhood narratives from German and Polish standpoints. Besides analysing the central motifs and narrative strategies that rely on an urban visualisation of memory, it rejects the popular notion of a palimpsest in favour of a decolonial perspective on urban space. Proposing a way to imagine a city beyond nation-based concepts can stimulate reconsidering hierarchic city structures.

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Die verborgene Stadt. Die Wiederentdeckung der polyethnischen Vergangenheit der Stadt Łódź

62%

Schuster F. M.

Convivium. Germanistisches Jahrbuch Polen

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2008

143-170

PL

Niniejszy artykuł podejmuje kwestię, w jaki sposób Łódź, niegdyś wielokulturowe miasto przemysłowe, jest w regionie i po za nim postrzegana, interdyscyplinarnie badana i opisywana. W szczególności tekst koncentruje się na roli, jaką łódzka germanistyka odegrała na przestrzeni ostatnich dwudziestu lat w procesie ponownego odkrywania wspólnej dla Niemców, Polaków i Żydów przeszłości.

EN

The article deals with the perception of the former multicultural industrial city of Łódź in the region itself (and beyond), how research on this topic looks like, and how one writes about it. The text focuses especially on the role of the German Studies in Łódź in process of rediscovering, in the last twenty years, the city’s German-Polish-Jewish past.

DE

Der Artikel geht der Frage nach, wie die ehemals multikulturelle Industriestadt Łódź in der Region (aber auch darüber hinaus) wahrgenommen und wie darüber (interdisziplinär) geforscht und geschrieben wird. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei vor allem auf der Rolle der Łódźer Germanistik bei der Wiederentdeckung der deutsch-polnisch-jüdischen Vergangenheit in den letzten zwanzig Jahren.

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Water Modernity and Society in Linz, ca. 1700–1900

51%

Stöger G., Pichler-Baumgartner L.

UR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

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2021

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issue 2(19)

52-76

EN

This article investigates the transition to a modern water supply and sewage disposal system. By focussing on the of the Upper Austrian mid-size city of Linz in a long-term perspective from circa 1700 to 1900, we trace continuities and disruptions of existing solutions and question the narrative of modernisation. We research the actors involved in the decision-making and implementation processes, paying special attention to the so-far neglected group of city inhabitants and their motives. Finally, we raise questions of integration and exclusion with regard to water.

PL

Celem artykułu jest prezentacja procesu przejścia na nowoczesny system zaopatrzenia w wodę i odprowadzania ścieków na przykładzie średniej wielkości miasta górnoaustriackiego – Linz w perspektywie długoterminowej od około 1700 do 1900 r. Autor prezentuje proces transformacji. Omawia ciągłość i zakłócenia istniejących rozwiązań, kwestionując narrację modernizacji. Badane są podmioty zaangażowane w procesy decyzyjne i wdrożeniowe, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem dotychczas zaniedbanej grupy mieszkańców miasta. Artykuł podnosi też kwestie integracji i wykluczenia w odniesieniu do polityki wodnej.

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Głębiny i płycizny. Rzecz o trudach syntetyzowania historii miasta (na marginesie książki Marcina J. Szymańskiego „Łódź na wodach dziejów. Biografia miasta”, Łódź 1920, ss. 320)

51%

Śmiechowski K.

Studia z Historii Społeczno-Gospodarczej XIX i XX Wieku

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2020

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vol. 23

169-184

EN

The urban history is a research area which eludes classical historiography and gives romm for many interesting phenomena. One of them are “biographies of cities”, which means the way of writing about about an urban history that imitates the biographies of famous people. Marcin Szymański made an attempt to write a biography of Łódź. This article assesses whether the researcher associated with the Institute of History at the University of Lodz has fulfilled this task well or not. Secondly, the place of M. Szymański’s book in the literature on Łódź and its usefulness as a source of knowledge about the city’s past were also analyzed here. Finally, strengths and weaknesses of the reviewed book were pointed out.

PL

Historia miast stanowi obszar badawczy, w którym dochodzi do szeregu interesujących zjawisk, wymykających się klasycznej historiografii. Jednym z nich są „biografie miast”, czyli sposób pisania o ich przeszłości naśladujący biografie postaci historycznych. Próby napisania biografii Łodzi podjął się Marcin Szymański. W artykule niniejszym dokonano oceny czy badacz związany z Instytutem Historii Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego dobrze wywiązał się z tego zadania. Przeanalizowano także miejsce książki M. Szymańskiego w literaturze poświęconej Łodzi i jej użyteczność jako źródła wiedzy o przeszłości miasta. Wskazano także mocne i słabe strony recenzowanej książki.

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Miasto przemysłowe i usankcjonowany dyskurs dziedzictwa. Porównawcze studium narracji muzealnych w Łodzi i Tampere

51%

Rek-Woźniak M.

Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej

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2021

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vol. 17

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issue 1

72-89

EN

The histories of Łódź and Tampere share a lot of common traits. Granted with special economic privileges, they both quickly became industrial centers important for the economy of the Russian Empire, gaining nicknames of the Polish and the Finnish Manchester respectively. Populated with migrants, mostly of rural origin, both cities earned the images of ‘red’ strongholds of the working class in mostly agrarian societies. Since traditional industries declined between the 1980s and the 1990s, Łódź and Tampere have been trying to reevaluate their unique heritages. In the paper, the author will try to compare how museums reconstruct the cities’ pathways toward modernity and how various social forces forming the communities of Łódź and Tampere are represented in this process. The discussion is framed within the notion of the authorized heritage discourse.

PL

W historii Łodzi i Tampere jest wiele podobieństw. Dzięki przywilejom podatkowym i celnym stały się przemysłowymi centrami ważnymi dla gospodarki Imperium Rosyjskiego, zyskując miano polskiego i fińskiego Manchesteru. Zaludniane przez przybyszów, w znacznej mierze wywodzących się ze wsi, zasłużyły z kolei na miano „czerwonych” bastionów klasy robotniczej w rolniczych społeczeństwach. Od momentu zaniku tradycyjnych przemysłów w latach 80. i 90. XX wieku przepracowują swoje unikalne dziedzictwo. Autorka stara się porównać muzealne narracje rekonstruujące ścieżki prowadzące oba miasta ku współczesności, zwracając uwagę na to, jak reprezentowane są w nich kluczowe grupy społeczne tworzące społeczność Tampere i Łodzi. Punktem odniesienia dla wywodu jest koncepcja usankcjonowanego dyskursu dziedzictwa.

Refine search results

History takes place. Neuere Forschungen zur Geschichte multiethnischer Städte Zentralund Osteuropas im 20. Jahrhundert

New Urbanization of the Steppe. Astana: A Capital Called the Capital

Quarters in the Municipal Authority System in Late Medieval Prussian Towns

Changing Social Roles in a Polish-German Border Town: The Case of Międzychód/Birnbaum

Města a vojáci v oblasti Opolska za třicetileté války

"Nechť Třebíč se stane moravským Kladnem!" Veřejný prostor, politika ulice a dělnické hnutí v Třebíči na přelomu 19. a 20. století:

Przypadek miasta „pomiędzy”: architektura i urbanistyka Opola w pierwszych latach powojennych

Elbing vs. Elbląg. From contested land to decolonial representations

Die verborgene Stadt. Die Wiederentdeckung der polyethnischen Vergangenheit der Stadt Łódź

Water Modernity and Society in Linz, ca. 1700–1900

Głębiny i płycizny. Rzecz o trudach syntetyzowania historii miasta (na marginesie książki Marcina J. Szymańskiego „Łódź na wodach dziejów. Biografia miasta”, Łódź 1920, ss. 320)

Miasto przemysłowe i usankcjonowany dyskurs dziedzictwa. Porównawcze studium narracji muzealnych w Łodzi i Tampere