Aspiring global cities, such as Taipei City in Taiwan, seek to accumulate cultural capital. For future-oriented local and global self-representation, they design cutting-edge contemporary museums. This paper analyzes the “urban imaginary” as constructed by new urban museumscapes. Choosing a case-study approach, it explores the embedding of a vanguard art museum project in Taiwan – the New Taipei City Museum of Art in Taipei – into long-term urban planning strategies. In order to understand the purpose and process of how the new museum of contemporary art. is devised as a public space of cultural self-representation and urban identity building, the study monitors the complete design process from the city government’s urban and institutional planning strategy to the architectural design. Evidence shows that the pathways of urban place-making for art and through art and design in Taipei are strongly determined by the historical role and current geopolitical repositioning of the city.
Cultural and historical heritage is inextricably linked to territorial capital. Over the years, the recognition of its importance has increased in the political and policy discourse. This paper examines these challenges considering spatial planning policies and instruments, namely “how effective spatial planning instruments are in addressing the goal of protecting and enhancing cultural heritage.” The research is focused on two Western Balkan cases of Albania and Kosovo, and takes a comparative approach, considering the ever-present conflict between “the old and the new”, and between growth and preservation, in the respective capital cities of Tirana and Pristina. Both countries have gone through drastic transformations in their planning systems over the last two decades, with an attempt to shift from traditional rigid urbanism approaches towards more comprehensive and integrated ones. Additionally, the two countries are in similar stages of socio-economic development, which include a trend of concentration and rapid urban development. The findings suggest that while cultural preservation and valorisation is ranked high in terms of planning policies, both countries fail to preserve these values when it comes to land development practices.
The global community has been overcoming the crisis of being in the city for almost a century. And we are trying to answer the problems of urban crises - how and why do they arise, which development path should the city take and is this step justified? The simplest way of overcoming the crisis by the city authorities is an irrational solution - to erase the past, and build a new one. In such cases, the historical layering of images of the city, which have a great cultural value, is not taken into account. The city government alone and the bunch of institutions interested exclusively in their own financial issues do not have the right to carry out any transformations of the urban image without the participation of the city society and persons competent in this matter. It is culturology, on the one hand, that makes it possible to implement a comprehensive understanding of transformations in the urban space, excluding the one-sided development of transformations from a technical and aesthetic point of view of urban planning. On the other hand, it allows awareness-raising activities among urban residents, teaching them a kind of literacy and critical thinking about the center of their existence. However, for this purpose there must be a certain strategy of work and social cohesion. So, having faced the problem of lack of convenient and at the same time comprehensive definition of the above-mentioned historical layering and the feasibility of transformations in the urban image, in this article I propose, in my opinion, mandatory and at the same time the main stage of work for institutions involved in urban planning. I have developed a model of systematization of concepts of the image of the city, which at this time have already formed a historical multi-layer of the city. This development demonstrated the ability to predict the “behavior” of urban transformations in the future, especially young cities, whose historical layers of images are still ahead, based on the calculation of adaptation maxima in the life of the concept of the city image.
Znaczny przyrost, w latach 1989-2011, liczby małych miast w Polsce, stanowiących ogniwo sieci osadniczej, jest wyrazem aspiracji i oczekiwań lokalnych społeczności. Efekty starań władz lokalnych o przynależność do społeczności miejskiej skłaniają do spojrzenia z perspektywy pewnego czasu na cechy przestrzeni urbanistycznej i społecznej nowych miejskich jednostek osadniczych oraz próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy proces umiastowienia przyczynia się do zrównoważonego rozwoju przestrzennego, społecznego i gospodarczego jednostki oraz otaczającego ją obszaru. Wśród miast (wybranych do badań szczegółowych), które uzyskały prawa miejskie w latach 1989-2011, jest Halinów w województwie mazowieckim, który ma szansę stać się miastem–ogrodem.
EN
A considerable increase of small towns in Poland in 1989-2011, which constitute links within the settlement network, is an expression of the aspirations and expectations on the part of local communities. The results of the local governments’ activities intended to join urban communities make us look at the urban and social spaces of urban settlement units from a time perspective and attempt at answering the question whether the urbanization process contributes to spatial, social, and economic sustainable development of 67 the units and their surrounding areas. One of the towns (selected for detailed studies) that obtained the urban status in 1989-2011, is Halinów, Mazowieckie Region. It has a potential to become a garden town.
This article presents the issue of urban identity signs based on the example of Cracow’s tricity (Cracow – Kazimierz – Kleparz) and their transformations in the 13th–18th centuries. Analysing preserved heraldic and sigillographic monuments, the author adapted a questionnaire developed by Brigitte Miriam Bedos-Rezak in the Polish research, on the basis of which he distinguished three threads present in the self-presentation of those cities: 1. the ideal city (or self-government and independence of the commune); 2. religious (holy guardians); 3. historical, composed in conjunction with the content of captions of the seals with symbolic ‘portraits’ of municipalities. Originally, in Cracow, at the beginning of the 13th century, both the image of the autonomous commune (the gatehouse, the tower house of the Vogt), along with the statues of saint guardians (St. Wenceslaus and St. Stanislaus) and historical reminiscences (the founder’s coat of arms) were used. With time, these references were limited to the signum of the commune in the form of a gate and the state’s coat of arms accompanying it as a reference to the city’s having been the capital of the state. In Kazimierz, however, only the historical thread of the king-founder was exposed (the emblems of the ruler: the K monogram and the crowned royal head), although it is not entirely certain whether in the late modern period it was understood exactly in this way in the city. On the other hand, in Kleparz only a religious thread was represented – the saint patron (St. Florian) who stood guard over the city. Each of these signs, or sets of signs, grew out of their own local tradition; that is why, it is difficult to treat them as a homogeneous group.
DE
Der vorstehende Artikel präsentiert das Phänomen der städtischen Identitätszeichen am Beispiel der Krakauer Dreistadt (Krakau – Kazimierz – Kleparz) sowie deren Veränderungen im 13. bis 18. Jahrhundert. Bei der Analyse der erhaltenen heraldischen und sphragistischen Relikte verwendet der Autor in seinen polnischen Forschungen einen Fragebogen, der von Brigitte Miriam Bedos-Rezak entwickelt wurde, und unterscheidet drei Motive, die sich in der Selbstpräsentation der im Titel genannten Zentren finden: 1. das der idealen Stadt (oder die Selbstverwaltung und Unabhängigkeit der Gemeinde), 2. das des Religiösen (der Schutzpatrone), 3. das historische, die sich in der Verbindung mit dem Inhalt der Siegellegenden zu symbolischen „Porträts“ von Gemeinden zusammenfügen. In Krakau bediente man sich zunächst (im 13. Jahrhundert) sowohl eines Bilds der autonomen Gemeinde (Torgebäude, Vogtshaus mit Turm) als auch der Figuren von Schutzheiligen (hl. Wenzel und hl. Stanislaus) und historischer Erinnerungen (Wappen des Stadtgründers). Im Lauf der Zeit wurden diese Bezüge begrenzt auf das signum der Gemeinde in Gestalt eines Tors und auf das dieses begleitende Staatswappen als Hinweis auf den Hauptstadtcharakter der Stadt. In Kazimierz hingegen wurde ausschließlich das historische Motiv des Gründungskönigs herausgestellt (Zeichen des Herrschers: das Monogramm K und ein gekröntes Königshaupt), obwohl nicht völlig sicher ist, ob dieser in der späteren frühen Neuzeit in der Stadt selbst genau so verstanden wurde. In Kleparz hingegen war nur das religiöse Motiv vertreten, der heilige Patron (Florian), der über die Stadt wachte. Jedes dieser Zeichen oder Zeichengruppen erwuchs aus einer eigenen örtlichen Tradition, so dass man sie kaum als eine einheitliche Gruppe behandeln kann.
Problematyka tożsamości, a w tym szczególnie tożsamości miast oraz miejsc, stała się w ciągu ostatnich kilkunastu lat bardzo interesującym tematem badawczym. Stanowi ona jeden z głównych parametrów opisu przestrzeni miejskiej. Niemniej jednak nasilająca się konkurencja pomiędzy ośrodkami miejskimi oraz rywalizacja wynikająca z rosnących potrzeb odbiorców oferty miejskiej powoduje, iż miasta poszukują nowych dróg ku osiągnięciu przewagi konkurencyjnej i to właśnie tożsamość miejska zostaje zmaterializowana do roli zasobu – jednego z najistotniejszych narzędzi tworzenia przewagi konkurencyjnej. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na zależność, jaka zachodzi pomiędzy pojęciami „wizerunek” i „tożsamość miejska”, a następnie wskazanie, czy zależność ta znajduje odniesienie w ramach zarządzania przestrzeniami miejskimi we współczesnych uwarunkowaniach.
EN
The issue of the identity, and in particular the identity of cities and places, has become an especially interesting research topic over the last years. Identity is one of the main parameters of urban space description. Nevertheless, the growing competition between urban units and the rivalry resulting from the growing needs of urban stakeholders means that cities are looking for new ways to achieve competitive advantage and that urban identity is materialized as an urban resource – one of the most important tools for creating competitive advantage. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to the relationship between the terms “image” and “identity” and then to indicate whether this relationship is relevant in the management of urban spaces in contemporary contexts.
The article discusses the formation of urban citizenship in a small town. It focuses on a group of urban activists in Puszczykowo (Poland) and shows how rooting in a local community influences the engagement in public activity and causes a highly emotional relationship between local politicians. On the other hand, the ana- lyzed case study also shows that the local community activists are strongly internally differentiated, forming groups with different views and motivations. With the changing contexts and circumstances the local politicians may shift between them smoothly.
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