The article describes the process of decommunization of urbanonyms in one of the Polish voivodeship capitals, Zielona Góra. It presents both the changes in naming we are witnessing currently and past ones. During the first removal of communist patrons we still had to deal with the period of the Polish People’s Republic after Stalin’s death and Władysław Gomułka’s coming to power. However, the changes introduced at that time were quite limited and concerned a small number of people who were no longer in power – Stalin and Marshal Rola-Żymierski. The proper decommunization was related to the political transformation after 1989. The previous urbanonyms, based mainly on anthroponyms, were replaced with names referring to people and events that could not be commemorated before and were to be erased from history (e.g. ul. Hanki Sawickiej changed to ul. gen. Okulickiego). In addition, the changes were motivated by the need nto commemorate local activists and heroes, and to highlight the history and topography of the city. The last decommunization was enforced by the enactment of the Act on the Prohibition of Propagation of Communism or Other Totalitarian Regimes and ended quite recently (the last street name change was voted on on March 27, 2018). Four streets in Zielona Góra have been renamed, including two referring to military organizations associated with the communist movement (ul. Armii Ludowej→ ul. Władysława Jagiełły and ul. II Armii → ul. Żołnierzy 2 Armii), and two based on dates (ul. Przylep-22 Lipca → ul. Przylep-Solidarności and ul. Przylep-9 Maja → ul. Przylep-8 Maja). Therefore, in the case of both decommunizations, ideological considerations prevailed, and to a lesser degree so did economic or cultural ones.
PL
The article describes the process of decommunization of urbanonyms in one of the Polish voivodeship capitals, Zielona Góra. It presents both the changes in naming we are witnessing currently and past ones. During the first removal of communist patrons we still had to deal with the period of the Polish People’s Republic after Stalin’s death and Władysław Gomułka’s coming to power. However, the changes introduced at that time were quite limited and concerned a small number of people who were no longer in power – Stalin and Marshal Rola-Żymierski. The proper decommunization was related to the political transformation after 1989. The previous urbanonyms, based mainly on anthroponyms, were replaced with names referring to people and events that could not be commemorated before and were to be erased from history (e.g. ul. Hanki Sawickiej changed to ul. gen. Okulickiego). In addition, the changes were motivated by the need nto commemorate local activists and heroes, and to highlight the history and topography of the city. The last decommunization was enforced by the enactment of the Act on the Prohibition of Propagation of Communism or Other Totalitarian Regimes and ended quite recently (the last street name change was voted on on March 27, 2018). Four streets in Zielona Góra have been renamed, including two referring to military organizations associated with the communist movement (ul. Armii Ludowej→ ul. Władysława Jagiełły and ul. II Armii → ul. Żołnierzy 2 Armii), and two based on dates (ul. Przylep-22 Lipca → ul. Przylep-Solidarności and ul. Przylep-9 Maja → ul. Przylep-8 Maja). Therefore, in the case of both decommunizations, ideological considerations prevailed, and to a lesser degree so did economic or cultural ones.
The paper concerns issue of unofficial urbanonyms in the city of Brno. A 120 unofficial names of objects in urban space forms the empirical part of research material. The unofficial names were excerpted from lexicographic sources and web portals regarding Brno urban dialect and Hantec. Collected empirical material contains names of all types of urban space objects and the types are represented by different amount of urbanonyms. Gathered analytical material is presented from semantic point of view.
The article discusses the types of onymic units – urbanonyms, vikonyms, hortensionyms, which, being used in naming of topographical features within the boundaries of settlements, have yet to be terminologically standardized; it is stressed that concrete implementation of these types of onym is characterized by a number of special features which are detected at different language levels. It is suggested to view the listed types of names of topographic objects within settlements as stand-alone categories of inter-settlement names representing the sector of conlocatyanonyms. It is concluded that the modern Belarusian intra-settlement terminology requires further theoretical comprehension and lexicographic processing.
PL
W artykule omówiono różne typy jednostek onimicznych – urbanonimy, wikonimy, hortensionimy – używane w nazewnictwie obiektów topograficznych znajdujących się w granicach miejscowości. Konkretna realizacja tych typów onimów charakteryzuje się szeregiem cech, które funkcjonują na różnych poziomach językowych. Wymienione typy nazw obiektów topograficznych w obrębie miejscowości należy traktować jako samodzielne kategorie nazw, stanowiących kategorię konlokatyanonimów. Współczesna białoruska terminologia dotycząca obiektów wewnątrz miejscowości wymaga dalszego opracowania teoretycznego i leksykograficznego.
RU
W artykule omówiono rodzaje jednostek onimicznych, które są wykorzystywane dla nazw obiektów topograficznych i w obrębie wsi jeszcze terminologicznie nie są znormalizowanе: urbanonimy, wikonimy, hartensionimy. Podkreśla się, że konkretna realizacja tych rodzajów onimów charakteryzuje się szeregiem cech, które przejawiają się na różnych poziomach językowych. Proponuje się wymienionе rodzaje nazw topograficznych w granicach osiedli rozpatrywać jak autonomiczne kategorie nazw zaludnionego punktu, które reprezentują sektor kanlakatyonimów. Wynika z tego wniosek, że współczesna białoruska terminologia opisująca nazwy w obrębie wsi potrzebuje dalszej teoretycznej interpretacji i leksykograficznej obróbki.
The author presentes the unofficial urbanonyms on the example of name Stumetrowka (ukr. Стометрівка, rus. Стометровка) in few cities in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. The motivation, the name-formation process and its function have been explined on the material acquired through the Internet query as well as oral interviews.
The article analyzes modern official urbanonyms (509 names) that came into being in 2022 (February–August) in Ukraine as a result of renaming. The geography of urbanonymic material covers the city of Kyiv, regional centers and their territorial communities (Lviv, Rivne, Lutsk, Dnipro, Kropyvnytskyi, Khmelnytskyi, Ternopil, Vinnytsia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kharkiv, Uzhhorod, Chernihiv, Chernivtsi). The reasons and motives for the street renaming process are clarified, and the structural types of proper names that most often arise as a result of renaming are determined. The urbanonymic material includes the highest number of deonymic urbanonyms (306), among them there are 170 deanthroponymic urbanonyms, 134 detoponymic urbanonyms and 2 urbanonyms based on chrematonyms. There are 140 deappellative urbanonyms and 63 urbanonyms that were motivated by both appellatives and proper names. The study of urbanonymic material that appeared in the public space as a result of renaming in various territories of Ukraine has confirmed commemorative function as a defining feature of modern Ukrainian urbanonymy, and has also revealed the general trend in the development of modern Ukrainian urbanonymy – total derussification, rejection of names associated with ideology, symbolism, imperial narratives of the aggressor state.
The article deals with Russian urbanonyms, street and square names, derived from the names of churches. It is noted that the emergence and especially the changing of these names have been brought about by the general change of the state policy in the religious sphere. In the first half of the 20th century, in Russia, as part of the Soviet Union, the atheistic ideology was adopted at the state level, which led to a widespread changing of “religious” names of urban objects, but in the post-Soviet time the withdrawal of the state atheistic ideology has not led to an automatic return to the original urban toponyms. The authors raise the question of how “church” urbanonyms reflect the religious preferences of the society.
CS
Text pojednává o ruských urbanonymech, jménech ulic a náměstí, odvozených ze jmen kostelů. Vznik a především změny těchto jmen jsou dány obecnými proměnami státní politiky v náboženské oblasti. V 1. polovině 20. století v Rusku jako součásti Sovětského svazu byl jako součást státní ideologie přijat ateismus. To vedlo k rozsáhlým změnám „náboženských“ pojmenování městských objektů, ale v postsovětském období ústup této ideologie neznamenal automatický návrat původních urbanonym. Autoři si kladou otázku, jak „kostelní“ urbanonyma reflektují náboženské preference společnosti.
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.