Search results

1

O językowej naturze istot nienarodzonych (na tle właściwości walencyjnych implikujących je czasownikowych predykatów)

100%

Nowak T.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2016

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issue 13

217-237

EN

The term used in the title has, so far, not been the subject of a more extensive linguistic reflection. The author of the paper aims at providing a description of lexical units implying the argument 'unborn being (child)' with respect to their structure and meaning. The method of analysis is based on proposing hypotheses in the form of analytical implications and subjecting them to falsification by bringing them down to contradiction. The content of the paper focuses on issues relating to the reconstruction of the form of lexical units (verbs). In a close reference to the content of the analysed terms, the discussion considers also the following notions: 'żyć', 'wiedzieć', 'robić' and many others. The author tries to prove that those components belong to the semantic structure of the examined phrases with the term child (unborn).

2

Embodied Appraisals and Non-emotional States

100%

Hvorecký J.

Human Affairs

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2010

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vol. 20

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issue 3

215-223

EN

We present the embodied appraisal theory of emotions and show how it handles a variety of intuitions we hold about affective states. While appreciating its integrative potential, we point out possible difficulties that it might face from further investigation of embodied non-emotional states. Following Darwin and his work on the expression of emotions, we suggest that some obviously non-emotional mental states comply with the criteria set by Prinz's theory. Therefore it is doubtful whether his definition of emotions is correct and whether perceptual approaches are useful in explicating the nature of emotion types.

3

Żeby było_ i co_. Notka o znaczeniu

100%

Kisiel A.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2012

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issue 2(8)

205-213

EN

The article is devoted to semantic and grammatical description of two of the four strenghtening particles: żeby było_ and co_. These are very interesting language units, not attested in dictionaries, the only ones in the group of particles containing valency positions. Despite the semantic similarity between them and the two other items of the group - tym bardziej and co dopiero - they tend to occur in different sentence structures, i.e. containing joint conjuctions, restrictive or analogy particles. They do not occur in the context of non-assertive sentences. This paper considers the type of structure formed by the examined language units, the possibilities of filling their valency positions and, in result, their meaning.

4

Élargissement de la valence verbale - Les verbes causatifs et semi-causatifs et le problème de la pronominalisation des compléments argumentaux

89%

Jančík J.

Svět literatury – Časopis pro novodobé literatury (World of Literature – Journal for Modern Literatures)

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2015

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vol. Special Issue: Le monde de la litérrature

244-254

EN

The causative and semi-causative periphrases represent a syntactic context in the framework of which the valence of a predicate is modified. Its redefinition generates new stematics by fusionning two autonomous argumental structures. For each causative pattern there are two distributional schemes with different dynamics : the clitics pattern bears more parameters as the nominal one, being defined not only by combination of dative and accusative forms but also by raising valence arguments of the verbal nucleus. The raising of pronominal arguments in the French causative structures constitutes the central theme of this paper.

5

Emotional Arousal and Valence and the Effects of Civic Education

88%

Wawrzyński P., Marszałek-Kawa J.

The New Educational Review

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2023

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vol. 71

168-179

EN

The paper discusses the influence of FaceReader-coded emotional arousal and valence on the effectiveness of civic education. The experimental design allowed the authors to observe relationships between emotional responsiveness and memorisation, attitude change, and prosocial behaviour. In the study with 90 adult participants, we video-recorded facial expressions while watching three parallel versions of a narrative on anti-communist opposition in Poland. The analysis of collected data suggested that emotional arousal is associated with prosocial behaviour and the valence of signalling with an attitude change, while cognitive effects are not related to emotional responsiveness. Moreover, civic education depends on the triad of emotions: sadness, happiness, and disgust.

6

A Defence of the Perceptual Account of Emotion Against the Alleged Problem of Ambivalent Emotion: Expanding on Tappolet

88%

Yang S.

Human Affairs

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2010

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vol. 20

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issue 3

210-214

EN

Tappolet (2005) has defended the perceptual account of emotion against a problem which some have raised against it, stemming from the phenomenon of ambivalent emotions. According to Tappolet, we can explain cases of ambivalent emotions unproblematically. To persuade us of this, she draws our attention to circumstances in which it seems entirely appropriate to have conflicting emotions with respect to the same situation. On her perceptual account of emotions, in such situations our emotions disclose two values, e.g., danger and attractiveness, at the same time. My aim here is to defend Tappolet by expanding on the considerations she adduces. In order to do this, I utilize Prinz's notion of "valence". Using this terminology, I shall show that the undeniable co-instantiation of emotions that are our intuitions classifies as "contrary", for example, fear and attraction does not actually constitute a contradiction.

7

Expektance a valence jako základní proměnné v motivaci studentů k dokončení vysokoškolského studia a dynamika motivace v průběhu studia

88%

Reissová A., Šimsová J.

Psychologie a její kontexty

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2018

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vol. 9

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issue 1

41–52

EN

Problem. One of the problems currently appreciated at universities is the low motivation of students, which is reflected in students´ achievements and which can result in early termination. Methods. The objective of the study was to identify how strong student motivation towards studying at university and completing university is and whether the approximate intensity of such motivation changes during the course. A modified version of the Vroom expectancy theory of motivation was used to focus particularly on the valence and expectancy. The selected group comprised 713 students from the UJEP Faculty of Social and Economic Studies in Ústí nad Labem. The selected method was written interviews. The obtained data were processed using the statistical Statistica SW. The nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used for evaluation since the data did not show normal distribution. Results. More than half of the respondents ranked the importance of university education (valence) very high, i. e., they selected values between 9 and 10 (on a scale of 1 – 10). In the case of expectancy (of successfully finishing the course), the established values were not as high as in the case of the valence. Afterwards, the reference rate of motivation (65 %) was calculated as a product of the valence and expectancy. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, it was established that there were no significant changes in the valence variable (P value = 0.0737) between individual years of study during the university course but there are statistically significant changes in the expectancy variable (p = 0.0000). The statistically significant differences between individual years were then identified also in the reference rate of motivation. A significant difference was shown particularly between the first and third year of the bachelor’s course and between the fourth and fifth year (i. e., in the followup master’s course). Discussion and evaluation of results. Within the discussion studies were pointed out which also strive to predict achievements in different areas of human activities. Generally, future achievements can be predicted upon working with individual variables, or it is possible to create model motivation profiles and then match the individuals to individual models. Both ways are possible, and each of them has certain advantages as well as limitations. Further facts which can significantly influence the measurement of performance and motivation of individuals should also be taken into consideration. These can be, for example, different socio-cultural conditions of the specific environment or inter-cultural differences between individuals, the personality of the pedagogue and a number of others. Conclusion. It was established that the valence (the value of university course) was very high, regardless of the year of study. As to the expectancy, the established values are not explicitly positive. The reference rate of motivation reached an average value of 65 %. The Kruskal- Wallis test also proved that the established differences between individual years were not statistically significant as far as the valence, but there is already a statistically significant difference as far as the expectancy. Similarly, a statistically significant difference in the reference rate of motivation was proved between individual years. The reference intensity of motivation is higher at the end of the course than in the initial years.

8

Типология форм синтаксической реализации пропозициональных аргументов (на примере русских эмотивных глаголов)

75%

Kiklewicz A.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

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2019

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vol. 1

419-443

EN

The subject of this article is the syntactic representation of propositional arguments in the sentences with Russian emotional verbs. The opposition of sentential and nominal actants is treated as a gradual one, i.e. represented by a set of syntactic realization forms of propositional arguments: clausal and non-clausal, finite and non-finite, lexical (material) and zero/empty (non-material). All these forms constitute a valence class of a lexical unit. A quantitative analysis of syntactic representations of Russian emotive verbs has shown that the valent characteristics of verbs and the separate subclasses vary in a large range. The most typical forms of filling the position of propositional argument in the class verba sentiendi are predicate and propositional names, and the least typical are clausal actants with the core component in the form of an adjective and infinitive.

9

Walencja rosyjskich czasowników mentalnych w świetle składni eksplikacyjnej

75%

Kiklewicz A.

Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej

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2017

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vol. 52

EN

Valency of Russian mental verbs in the light of explicative syntaxThe subject of this article are syntactic (distributional) properties of Russian mental verbs (verbs of knowledge, understanding and thinking) in a synchronistic view. These units are studied using the theoretical model of explicative syntax. The author distinguishes some distributional patterns noted in the source material, and describes them, taking into account the meaning of the lexical class (mental verbs), as well as their frequency (functionality). Walencja rosyjskich czasowników mentalnych w świetle składni eksplikacyjnejPrzedmiotem niniejszego artykułu są składniowe (dystrybucyjne) właściwości rosyjskich czasowników mentalnych (czasowników wiedzy, rozumienia i myślenia) w ujęciu synchronicznym. Jednostki te są badane za pomocą teoretycznego modelu składni eksplikacyjnej. Autor wyróżnia odnotowane w materiale źródłowym wzorce/modele dystrybucyjne, opisując je przy uwzględnieniu znaczenia klasy leksykalnej (czasowników mentalnych), jak również ze względu na ich częstotliwość (funkcjonalność).

10

Walencja emocjonalna online. Kompetencje cyfrowe a pomiar reakcji emocjonalnych w świetle badań jakościowych i biometrycznych

63%

Waszkiewicz-Raviv A., Jasiewicz J., Jupowicz-Ginalska A.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia de Cultura

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2018

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issue 10(4) "Cyberpsychologia. Nowe strategie badania mediów i ich użytkowników"

114-124

PL

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie wybranych wyników przeprowadzonego badania kompetencji cyfrowych młodych ludzi: licealistów i studentów, które pozwolą stwierdzić, jakie emocje towarzyszą realizacji działań wymagających skorzystania z umiejętności cyfrowych. W obliczu dynamicznych przemian technologicznych związanych z digitalizacją oraz upowszechnieniem ICT reakcje emocjonalne w ramach relacji HCI (ang. human computer interaction) wciąż wymagają pogłębionych analiz. Projekt zrealizowany w Laboratorium Badań Medioznawczych UW miał dostarczyć odpowiedzi na pytania o zależność pomiędzy biegunem odczuwanych emocji a niskim lub wysokim profesjonalizmem realizacji zadań w świecie wirtualnym. Artykuł podejmuje także próbę namysłu metodologicznego nad sposobami pomiaru naukowego reakcji człowieka w kontakcie z cyberświatem.

EN

The purpose of the article is to present selected results of the conducted research on digital competence of young people: high school and university students. The preliminary results are to explain, what emotions accompany the implementation of activities requiring the use of digital skills. In the face of rapid technological changes, related to digitalization and widespread of ICT, still the emotional reactions within the human computer interactions (HCI) require in-depth analyses and empirical inquiries. The project realised in Media Research Laboratory University of Warsaw was supposed to provide answers to questions about the relationship between the pole of experienced emotions and the low or high professionalism of tasks in the virtual world. The article also attempts to take up the methodological reflection on the methods of measuring the scientific reaction of a humans being in communication within the cyber-world.

11

Syntaktická struktura komplexních predikátů v češtině

63%

Kettnerová V.

Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)

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2017

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vol. 78

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issue 1

3-24

EN

In this paper, I describe the syntactic structure formation of Czech complex predicates with light verbs. I limit myself to a central type of Czech complex predicates, i.e. to the complex predicates composed of a light verb and a predicative noun expressed in the direct object. I demonstrate that in the deep syntactic structure, both the predicative noun and the light verb are characterized by their own valency complementations. In the deep structure, several nominal and verbal valency complementations are in coreference. I show that this coreference plays a crucial role in the distribution of valency complementations in the surface structure of complex predicates. Moreover, I introduce principles governing the surface structure formation of Czech complex predicates. On the basis of syntactically distinctive properties of complex predicates (the correspondence of the nominal ACTor with some of verbal complementations and the mapping of the semantic participant ‘Causator’ onto some of verbal complementations), I distinguish four types of complex predicates in Czech. Finally, I outline the open questions concerning the expression of the nominal ACTor and its coreference.

12

K reciprocitě adjektiv v češtině

63%

Kettnerová V., Kolářová V.

Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)

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2023

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vol. 84

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issue 3

179-200

EN

This paper aims to extend the knowledge of reciprocity outside the largely examined verbal domain, focusing on the reciprocity of adjectives in Czech. Our main aim is to show how syntactic reciprocalization is applied to constructions of adjectives where one of their valency complementations is subject to a systemic surface ellipsis. We argue that the reciprocity of adjectives is mostly encoded by the same inventory of language means as the reciprocity of verbs, in particular by pluralization of one of the valency complementations affected by reciprocity (where the only difference from verbs is the form mezi ‘between’+Instr) and by an anaphoric expression occupying the other valency complementation involved in reciprocity. The main difference between the formal marking of verbal and adjectival constructions lies in the fact that adverbials (e.g., navzájem ‘mutually’), serving as the so-called specifiers in reciprocal constructions of verbs, often take over the role of the primary marker of reciprocity in adjectival constructions. Further, we show that – similarly to verbs – adjectives bearing the semantic feature of mutuality require less linguistic marking in their reciprocal constructions, relying on pluralization only, while reciprocal constructions of adjectives without this feature are marked by both pluralization and an anaphoric expression or adverbials.

13

РУССКИЕ VERBA SENTIENDI В МОДЕЛИ ЭКСПЛИКАТИВНОГО СИНТАКСИСА

63%

Kiklewicz A.

Slavia Orientalis

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2018

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vol. LXVII

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issue 1

14

Jak najít optimální překlad polysémních sloves — porovnání metod formální analýzy paralelních textů

63%

Kaczmarska E.

Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)

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2015

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vol. 97

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issue 2

157-168

EN

Our goal is to identify factors that influence the choice of equivalents of ‘psych’ verbs when translating between typologically close languages such as Polish and Czech. Using the example of the Czech verb toužit ‘to yearn, to desire’ we show that these verbs may be perceived differently by native speakers of Polish and Czech — as ambiguous or unambiguous. Translation of such verbs is equally challenging. We start with the hypothesis that the choice of an equivalent is determined primarily by syntactico-semantic properties of the source lexeme, especially by its valency. Based on the analysis of lexemes and their arguments in parallel texts we identify regularities and preferences for the choice of an equivalent. Manual analysis is complemented by an automatically extracted bilingual glossary with frequencies. The results show that valency is an important, but not the only factor.

15

Ještě k modelování reciprocity v teoretickém popisu češtiny

63%

Lopatková M., Kettnerová V.

Naše řeč (Our Speech)

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2023

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vol. 106

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issue 3

165-176

EN

The paper addresses the so-called discontinuous reciprocal constructions in Czech and their description in grammar and lexicon, as recently discussed by J. Pergler. Two ways of treating discontinuous constructions are introduced: (i) to handle these constructions in the grammar as one type of constructions of non-reflexive verbs, and (ii) to capture them in the lexicon as constructions of derived reflexive verbs. The advantages and disadvantages of both these approaches are carefully considered with the conclusion that the latter approach is more advantageous as it complies with the fact that discontinuous constructions are – with respect to the lexicon-grammar continuum – rather at the lexical end.

16

Funkční generativní popis - rámec pro konzistentní popis gramatiky

51%

Panevová J., Hajičová E., Kettnerová V., Kolářová V., Lopatková M., Mikulová M., Ševčíková M.

Naše řeč (Our Speech)

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2020

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vol. 103

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issue 1-2

55-78

EN

In the present contribution, the main constitutive features of the Functional Generative Description as proposed by Petr Sgall and his collaborators are introduced together with a brief characterization of selected Czech grammatical phenomena within this framework. These phenomena include above all verbal and nominal valency and related issues and topic-focus articulation, esp. in relation to negation and presupposition. Criteria for the determination of valency members are proposed together with the changes in the valency structure connected with the application of different diatheses and alternations. The role of valency requirements in complex predicates is described and exemplified by means of derived structures. The other phenomenon investigated is connected with reflexive and reciprocal constructions. Furthermore, attention is devoted to the categorization of deletions and the related phenomenon of the general participant, and also to various comparative constructions that are described as constructions with surface deletions. The constructions introduced by the Czech preposition kromě ‘besides/instead of’ are used as an illustration of how their deep representation looks. The main tenets of FGD have been applied, verified and further refined in the Prague Dependency Treebank family and valency lexicons, which are briefly characterized here as well.

17

Formy realizacji argumentu propozycjonalnego w rosyjskich zdaniach z czasownikiem mentalnym: przestrzeganie, kompresja, rozszczepienie

51%

Kiklewicz A.

Prace Językoznawcze

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2017

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issue XIX/3

71-91

EN

The subject of the presented article is mental verbs (verbs of knowledge, understanding and thinking) of the modern Russian language, treated in perspective of syntactic valence. The author examines the grammatical forms of realization of propositional argument in the sentences with mental verbs that represent predicate-argument structure P (x, q). All forms of representation of propositional argument are divided into three types: observance, compression and splitting. The author shows that in this area we have to deal with analog reflection of propositional structure, or more or less compression of proposition argument, or its dismemberment and doubling syntactic position. The author takes into account the regularity of the implementation of each grammatical form, quoting the relevant quantitative data. The empirical material has been mostly taken from the Russian Internet Corpus.

Refine search results

O językowej naturze istot nienarodzonych (na tle właściwości walencyjnych implikujących je czasownikowych predykatów)

Embodied Appraisals and Non-emotional States

Żeby było_ i co_. Notka o znaczeniu

Élargissement de la valence verbale - Les verbes causatifs et semi-causatifs et le problème de la pronominalisation des compléments argumentaux

Emotional Arousal and Valence and the Effects of Civic Education

A Defence of the Perceptual Account of Emotion Against the Alleged Problem of Ambivalent Emotion: Expanding on Tappolet

Expektance a valence jako základní proměnné v motivaci studentů k dokončení vysokoškolského studia a dynamika motivace v průběhu studia

Типология форм синтаксической реализации пропозициональных аргументов (на примере русских эмотивных глаголов)

Walencja rosyjskich czasowników mentalnych w świetle składni eksplikacyjnej

Walencja emocjonalna online. Kompetencje cyfrowe a pomiar reakcji emocjonalnych w świetle badań jakościowych i biometrycznych

Syntaktická struktura komplexních predikátů v češtině

K reciprocitě adjektiv v češtině

РУССКИЕ VERBA SENTIENDI В МОДЕЛИ ЭКСПЛИКАТИВНОГО СИНТАКСИСА

Jak najít optimální překlad polysémních sloves — porovnání metod formální analýzy paralelních textů

Ještě k modelování reciprocity v teoretickém popisu češtiny

Funkční generativní popis - rámec pro konzistentní popis gramatiky

Formy realizacji argumentu propozycjonalnego w rosyjskich zdaniach z czasownikiem mentalnym: przestrzeganie, kompresja, rozszczepienie