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2019
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vol. 39
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issue 1
117-129
EN
The aim of this paper is to present St. Ambrose`s reflections upon imperial power. The bishop of Milan did not write any systematic work on that topic. Actually it is possible to discover his opinion on this question, since there is much concern about it in his letters and speeches. For Ambrose imperial power was the basis of social order. The source of the emperors special position in the society derives from God’s will. Piety, fidelity, care for the church and welfare of his subjects were the main features of a good ruler, who should be encouraged in his duty by prayers and the obedience of his subjects.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia poglądy św. Ambrożego na temat władzy cesarskiej. Wprawdzie biskup Mediolanu nie stworzył całościowej koncepcji funkcjonowania cesarza w chrześcijańskim społeczeństwie Imperium Romanum, jednak analiza pozostawionych przez niego mów i listów pozwala odtworzyć jego najbardziej znaczące poglądy w tej kwestii. Ambroży podkreślał boskie pochodzenie władzy cesarskiej, będącej gwarantem porządku w ziemskiej społeczności. Idealny cesarz, zdaniem biskupa, powinien cechować się pobożnością, bojaźnią Bożą i pokorą oraz troszczyć się o pomyślność swoich poddanych. Wobec cesarza trwającego w wyznawaniu prawowiernej doktryny poddani mieli określone obowiązki. Powinni oni wspierać swojego władcę modlitwami i okazywać mu posłuszeństwo. 
Vox Patrum
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2016
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vol. 66
327-351
EN
De scientia politica was written in the form of a Platonist dialogue and constituted a political and philosophical theory of a state and its ruling king or emperor. The writing was created in the 6th century A.D., during the reign of Justinian I. The information about its existence had been known from a short note in Photios Library, long before its parts were found and published in 1827. The author – excellently educated and continuing the Platonist and Neo-Platonist tradition – preferred to remain anonymous, despite some at­tempts of identification. The work is highly intellectual, addressed to educated readers, capable of understanding sophisticated literary references and allusions. The author’s effort to give it a scholarly character is clearly visible. Book IV was devoted to military affairs, whereas Book V – to imperial power, where the author discussed the problem of its origin, limitations, principles of choosing a ruler and ruler’s obligations. While expressing the principles which a 6th century ruler (i.e. already a Christian ruler) should obey, the author makes references to the Greek and Roman writers – Homer, Plato and Neo-Platonists, Cicero, Seneca, Titus Liv­ius and others. The Persian model was not alien to him either and it is not always clear if he took from the pagan or the Christian heritage. Frequent references to the predecessors’ thought do not mean that the author of De Scientia politica uncritically took over all of their views. He rather selected from the antique heritage what he thought to be current and at the same time he tried to adjust his work to the reality of a 6th century world. The work, albeit pre­served only in fragments is, according to P. N. Bell: „the only surviving example of a Neo-Platonic political theory outside the Arab world”.
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