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EN
The phrase “I love you” is usually associated with a description of the sender’s sentiment. As something that talks about the emotional state of the speaker. However, this is not always the case. There are cases of using this phrase that do not serve cognitive function, when “I love you” does not “inform” about the sender’s feelings state. These words have in these cases the driving force, they are the action. The formulation which is “the doing of a certain action”, John L. Austin calls a “performative utterance,” or a “performative”. “I love you” seems to meet the conditions for such classification in at least three cases, i.e. when this sentence is pronounced to create a relationship (this is usually its first formulation by the sender and the receiver, although the time elapsed between the two statements may be long). Second, when we have the situation of renewing such a commitment – to be in a relationship and take actions for its benefits. And finally, when other forms of showing love are impossible for a variety of reasons.
PL
Sformułowanie: „Kocham Cię” zazwyczaj kojarzone jest z opisem uczuć nadawcy tego komunikatu, jako coś, co mówi o stanie emocjonalnym mówiącego. Jednak nie zawsze tak jest. Istnieją takie wypadki użycia tego zdania, które nie służą funkcji poznawczej, kiedy „Kocham Cię” nie „zdaje sprawy” ze stanu uczuć nadawcy. Słowa te mają w tych wypadkach moc sprawczą, są działaniem. Wypowiedzenie, które jest „robieniem czegoś” John L. Austin nazywa „zdaniem performatywnym”, „wypowiedzią performatywną” bądź, w skrócie, „performatywem”. „Kocham Cię” zdaje się spełniać warunki takiego zaszeregowania w co najmniej trzech przypadkach. Po pierwsze, gdy zdanie to wypowiedziane jest dla stworzenia związku (to zazwyczaj pierwsze wypowiedzenie go przez nadawcę i odbiorcę, choć czas, jaki upłynie między tymi dwiema wypowiedziami może być długi). Po drugie, gdy mamy sytuację odnowienia takiego zobowiązania – do bycia w związku i działania na jego rzecz. Wreszcie w sytuacji, gdy inne formy okazania miłości są niemożliwe z różnych powodów.
EN
The paper discusses the language exponents of emotions and evaluations in ournalistic creativity. The presented material is based on the reviews taking the form of a free column to essay printed in the years 1909–1948 in the writings devoted to a socio-political, scientific and literary life. They are integrated by a topic – a reference to the contemporary novel by Henryk Sienkiewicz titled Wiry (1910), and indirectly to the revolutionary events of 1905–1907. Among the authors of the reviews there are Polish literary historians, educators, literary critics, translators, social and political activists who not only inform about the book, interpret and evaluate its contents, but also want to shape the tastes and affect a socio-political attitude of their readers. The aim of this paper is the attempt to capture the characteristic for journalism language exponents of expression of feelings and value judgments in connection with its overarching function of exposing current facts, events, problems, from a certain point of view, with an intention to cause a specific reaction of readers. On the basis of the material analysis it can be stated that although the reviewers refer to presented phenomena in a subjective manner, they do not expose their self-sentient. If they express their feelings openly then: they hide under a fuzzy pronoun category ‛we’, mask a subjective attitude with impersonal form of the verb, describe their own idea of the feelings of others, talk about emotional states against the phenomena. An important role in the reviews is especially played by the emotionally charged vocabulary, which gives a positive or negative experience of the sender and at the same time is designed to elicit certain feelings of the recipient, for example contentment, fear, indignation. An emotional attitude of the authors to the discussed content is also revealed by the syntactic structure of interrogative and exclamation marks. 
PL
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