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PL
Główną tezą artykułu jest nieprzystawalność tradycyjnych paradygmatów interpretacyjnych, które opierają się na teorii powieści oraz na klasycznej narratologii, do badania konstrukcji formalnej w "Pornografii" Witolda Gombrowicza. Powieść ta, z jednej strony, generuje konkretne zjawiska genologiczne i semantyczne (autobiografia fikcyjna i gawęda), z drugiej zaś je kwestionuje. Paradoksalność dotychczasowych ujęć została zaprezentowana na przykładzie nowo zaobserwowanego zjawiska formalnego – interdiegetyczności. Polega ono na warunkowym zawieszeniu rozdzielności diegetycznej w utworze (fundamentalnej zarówno dla autobiografii, jak i dla gawędy). Analizy tego zjawiska dokonano przy wykorzystaniu narzędzi i technik interpretacyjnych wywiedzionych z tzw. narratologii nienaturalnej, której podstawowym celem jest przedefiniowanie dominującego słownika teorii narracji w taki sposób, by mógł się on stać bardziej adekwatny do badania tekstów uznawanych za „eksperymentalne”, „dziwne” czy „nietypowe”.
EN
The main thesis of this paper is incommensurability of interpretive paradigms which rely on the theory of the novel and on classical narratology to researching the formal construction of Witold Gombrowicz’s “Pornografia” (“Pornography”). The novel on the one hand generates specific literary genetic and semantic occurrences (fictional autobiography and yarn), and on the other hand questions them. Paradoxicality of to date methodologies is presented as based on a newly observed formal phenomenon of interdiegeticity. It consists in a conditional suspense of diegetic division in a piece of writing (fundamental for both autobiography and yarn). The problem is analysed with resort to the tools and interpretive techniques derived from so-called unnatural narratology the main aim of which is redefinition of the narrative theory’s dominating dictionary in such a way so that it may become more adequate to research texts labelled as “experimental,” “weird,” “untypical.”
EN
Joseph Conrad’s narratives featuring Marlow are composed as stories within stories, in which Marlow (the intradiegetic narrator) tells stories to his few listeners (the intradiegetic addresses). Critics have found analogies of these narratives with the Polish gawęda tradition and the English sailor’s yarn, both related to oral story-telling. This paper sets out to look at one literary device — alliteration — found in early works narrated by Marlow (Youth, Heart of Darkness, and Lord Jim), and to indicate that various effects achieved by alliterative phrases (onomatopoeic, emphatic, rhythmical, and autotelic) all contribute to this narrator’s status as an oral performer.
PL
The paper discusses cloth impressions on the surface of early medieval pottery shards from site 362, Poznań Nowe-Miasto. The cloth was possibly made from flax and used a plain weave. Owing to the good preparation of yarn, a high quality product was obtained. It was wrapped around a potter’s tool, probably made of wood and used for smoothing out the outer surface of a 7th-8th-century vessel.
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