EN
The main question of the paper is twofold. The first question is what is relation between reality and knowledge, the second one is how the subject is influenced by researcher. The answer is given in the context of the discussion with two cognitive models of methodology of social sciences, proposed by M. Weber and F. Znaniecki. The paper is short comparative study on Weberian ideal-typological method completed by 'Verstehen' and the temporal account of the base of knowledge in social sciences given by Znaniecki. According to the author of the paper, both researchers use the same cognitive schema. It is epistemologically looped depiction of reality consisted in testing by cognitive heuristics of adequate and infinite social constellations of events expressed as hypotheses. The main function of these tools is a representation of reality and reconstruction of historical events and manners of thinking.