EN
The lament, which is the expression of grief for the dead, has an enormous potential for intercultural research and for studies of different social groups within a particular culture, and therefore it inspires musicological and folkloristic comparative analyses. These studies take on individual profiles in different countries: semiotic (in Russian), psychological (Ukraine), axiological (Belarus) or, as in the case of Polish researchers –interpretations concern the form of the lament (pre-stanzaic, continuous) and treat it as a deposit of structural beliefs in verbal texts. Several aspects of the lament, such as beliefs as its basis, affects and socio-cultural conventions are investigated by the author. Among the features typical of the theatricalisation inherent in this stylization of grief the question of socio-cultural compensation is discussed, also in relation to musical composition. The author points out that the process of disappearance of the ritual lament from the folk culture in Western Europe was compensated in the expression of individual grief in musical art.