Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2007 | 3 | 1-2 | 21-31

Article title

What should a quantitative model of masking look like and why would we want it?

Authors

Selected contents from this journal

Title variants

Languages of publication

Abstracts

EN
Quantitative models of backward masking appeared almost as soon as computing technology was available to simulate them; and continued interest in masking has lead to the development of new models. Despite this long history, the impact of the models on the field has been limited because they have fundamental shortcomings. This paper discusses these shortcomings and outlines what future quantitative models should look like. It also discusses several issues about modeling and how a model could be used by researchers to better explore masking and other aspects of cognition.

Year

Volume

3

Issue

1-2

Pages

21-31

Physical description

Contributors

References

  • Breitmeyer, B. (1978). Metacontrast masking as a function of mask energy,Bull. Psychonomic Soc. 12, 50-52.
  • Breitmeyer B. (2007). Visual masking: Past accomplishments, present status, future developments.Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 3, 9-20.http://www.ac-psych.org/index.php?id=2&rok=2007&issue=1-2
  • Breitmeyer, B., & Öğmen, H. (2000). Recent models and findings in visual backward masking: A comparison, review, and update.Perception & Psychophysics, 62, 1572-1595.
  • Bridgeman, B. (1971). Metacontrast and lateral inhibition.Psychological Review, 78, 528-539.[PubMed]
  • Bridgeman, B. (1978). Distributed sensory coding applied to simulations of iconic storage and metacontrast.Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, 40, 605-623.[PubMed]
  • Bridgeman B. (2007). Common-onset masking simulated with a distributed-code model.Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 3, 33-40.http://www.ac-psych.org/index.php?id=2&rok=2007&issue=1-2
  • Bugmann G., & Taylor J. G. (2005). A model of visual backward masking,Biosystems, 79, 151-158.[PubMed]
  • Cao, Y., & Grossberg, S. (2005). A laminar cortical model of stereopsis and 3D surface perception: Closure and da Vinci stereopsis.Spatial Vision, 18, 515-578.[PubMed]
  • Di Lollo, V., Bischof, W. F., & Dixon, P. (1993). Stimulus-onset asynchrony is not necessary for motion perception or metacontrast masking.Psychological Science, 4, 260-263.
  • Di Lollo, V., Enns, J. T., & Rensink, R. A. (2000). Competition for consciousness among visual events: The psychophysics of reentrant visual processes.Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 129, 481-507.[PubMed]
  • Di Lollo, V., Enns, J. T., & Rensink, R. A. (2002) Object substitution without reentry?Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131, 594-596.
  • Enns, J. T. (2004). Object substitution and its relation to other forms of visual masking.Vision Research, 44, 1321-1331.[PubMed]
  • Enns J. T., & Oriet C. (2007) Visual similarity in masking and priming: The critical role of task relevance.Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 3, 211-240.http://www.ac-psych.org/index.php?id=2&rok=2007&issue=1-2
  • Francis, G. (1997). Cortical dynamics of lateral inhibition: Metacontrast masking.Psychological Review, 104, 572-594.[PubMed]
  • Francis, G. (2000). Quantitative theories of meta-contrast masking.Psychological Review, 107, 768-785.[PubMed]
  • Francis, G. (2003a). Developing a new quantitative account of backward masking.Cognitive Psychology, 46, 198-226.[PubMed]
  • Francis, G. (2003b). Online simulations of models for backward masking.Behavior, Research Methods, Instruments & Computers, 35, 512-519.[PubMed]
  • Francis, G., & Cho, Y. S. (2005). Quantitative models of backward masking. In B. Breitmeyer & H. Öğmen (Eds.)The 1st half second, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Francis, G., & Cho, Y. S. (2007). Testing models of object substitution with backward masking.Perception & Psychophysics, 69, 263-275.[PubMed]
  • Francis, G., & Hermens, F. (2002). Comment on: Competition for consciousness among visual events: The psychophysics of reentrant visual processes, by Di Lollo, Enns and Rensink (2000).Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131, 590-593.[PubMed]
  • Francis, G., & Herzog, M. (2004). Testing quantitative models of backward masking.Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 11, 104-112.[PubMed]
  • Francis, G., Rothmayer, M., & Hermens, F. (2004). Analysis and test of laws for backward (metacontrast) masking.Spatial Vision, 17, 163-186.[PubMed]
  • Green, M. F., Nuechterlein, K. H., & Mintz, J. (1994). Backward masking in schizophrenia and mania: I. Specifying a mechanism.Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 939-944.[PubMed]
  • Grossberg, S. (1997). Cortical dynamics of three-dimensional figure-ground perception of two-dimensional figures.Psychological Review, 104, 618-658.[PubMed]
  • Grossberg, S., & Mingolla, E. (1985). Neural dynamics of form perception: Boundary completion, illusory figures, and neon color spreading.Psychological Review, 92, 173-211.[PubMed]
  • Hansen, T., & Neumann, H. (2004). Neural mechanisms for the robust representation of junctions.Neural Computation, 16, 1013-1037.[PubMed]
  • Hermens F., & Ernst U. (2007). Visual backward masking: Modeling spatial and temporal aspects.Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 3, 93-105.http://www.ac-psych.org/index.php?id=2&rok=2007&issue=1-2
  • Herzog M. H. (2007). Spatial processing and visual backward masking.Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 3, 85-92.http://www.ac-psych.org/index.php?id=2&rok=2007&issue=1-2
  • Herzog, M.H., Ernst, U., Etzold A., & Eurich C. (2003). Local interactions in neural networks explain global effects in the masking of visual stimuli.Neural Computation. 15, 2091-2113.[PubMed]
  • Itti, L., Koch, C., & Niebur, E. (1998). A model of saliency-based visual attention for rapid scene analysis.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 20, 1254-1259.
  • Koch C., & Walther, D. (2006, May).Bottom-up visual attention to salient proto-object regions.Paper preseted at the annual meeting of the Vision Sciences Society, Sarasota, FL.
  • Macknik, S. L., & Livingstone, M. S. (1998). Neuronal correlates of visibility and invisibility in the primate visual system.Nature Neuroscience, 1, 144-149.[PubMed]
  • Öğmen, H. (1993). A neural theory of retino-cortical dynamics.Neural Networks, 6, 245-273.
  • Purcell, D. G., Stewart, A. L., & Brunner, R. L. (1974). Metacontrast target detection under light and dark adaptation.Bull. Psychonomic Soc., 3, 199-201.
  • Purushothaman, G., Öğmen, H., & Bedell, H. E. (2000). Gamma-range oscillations in backward-masking functions and their putative neural correlates.Psychological Review, 107, 556-577.[PubMed]
  • Raizada, R., & Grossberg, S. (2001). Context-sensitive bindings by the laminar circuits of V1 and V2: A unified model of perceptual grouping, attention, and orientation contrast.Visual Cognition, 8, 431-466.
  • Reeves, A. (1982). Metacontrast U-shaped functions derive from two monotonic functions.Perception, 11, 415-426.
  • Reeves A. (2007). An analysis of visual masking, with a defense of 'Stopped Processing'.Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 3, 57-65.http://www.ac-psych.org/index.php?id=2&rok=2007&issue=1-2
  • Stigler, R. (1910). Chronophotische studien uber den umgebungskontrast [Effects of exposure duration and luminance on the contrast of the surround].Pflugers Archiv für die gesamte Physiologie, 134, 365-435.
  • Weisstein, N. (1966). Backward masking and models of perceptual processing.Journal of Experimental Psychology, 72, 232-240.[PubMed]
  • Weisstein, N. (1972). Metacontrast. In D. Jameson & L. Hurvich (Eds.)Handbook of sensory physiology(Vol. 7, No. 4, Visual psychophysics). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
  • Alpern, M. (1953). Metacontrast.Journal of the Optical Society of America, 43, 648-657.[PubMed]
  • Anbar, S., & Anbar, D. (1982). Visual masking: A unified approach.Perception, 11, 427-439.[PubMed]
  • Bachmann, T. (1994).Psychophysiology of visual masking: The fine structure of conscious experience.Commack, New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
  • Bischof, W. F., & Di Lollo, V. (1995). Motion and metacontrast with simultaneous onset of stimuli.Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 12, 1623-1636.[PubMed]
  • Bowman, H., Schlaghecken, F., & Eimer, M. (2006). A neural network model of inhibitory processes in subliminal priming.Visual Cognition, 13, 401-480.
  • Braff, D. L., & Saccuzzo, D. P. (1981). Information processing dysfunction in paranoid schizophrenia: A two-factor deficits.American Journal of Psychiatry, 138, 1051-1056.[PubMed]

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.cejsh-article-doi-10-2478-v10053-008-0011-6
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.