PRVÉ NEMOCNICE V UHORSKÝCH MESTÁCH (1750–1850): ZAKLADATELIA, FINANCOVANIE A PACIENTI

• Authors: Kušniráková Ingrid

Title variants

EN

First hospitals in Hungarian towns (1750–1850): Their founders, funding, and patients

• Languages of publication: SK

Abstracts

EN

The study addresses the emergence of the first hospitals in Hungarian towns (1750–1850) within the framework of contemporary theoretical concepts and the reforms of the Viennese court during the reigns of Maria Theresa and Joseph II. The Empress’ healthcare reforms did not directly address hospitals or institutional healthcare, while Joseph II’s vision to separate healthcare from poverty care was unsuccessful. Although Hungarian towns significantly lagged behind Western Europe in terms of urbanization and industrialization, "modern hospitals" began to emerge in the late 18th century due to increasing impoverishment. The first municipal hospitals were established in the late 1790s under state pressure, ensuring major towns had municipal hospitals by the 1848/1849 revolution. These hospitals were primarily intended for the impoverished ill, which lacked family support for home care. While admissions were nominally open to all regardless of age, gender, or domicile, local patients were generally prioritized. Hospitals accepted only Christian patients, and admission required a condition with potential for recovery. Most patients were servants, journeymen, and poor craftsmen.

Keywords

EN

KINGDOM OF HUNGARY; MODERN PERIOD; HEALTHCARE; HOSPITALS

• Publisher: Institute of History of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
• Journal: Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
• Year: 2024
• Volume: 72
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 513 – 546

Contributors

author

Kušniráková Ingrid

• Institute of History of SAS, Klemensova 19, 814 99 Bratislava, Slovak Republic

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-7166

Identifiers

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31577/histcaso.2024.72.3.5