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Poland as Vandalia. Vandalian Concept in the Polish Historiography of Medieval Times The aim of the article is to discuss the origins and circumstances of the decline of the Vandalian Concept on Polish lands, in the light of Polish medieval historiography. The idea of Poland-Vandalia was highly influential for creation of future Polish national identity. It was dominant Polish theory of ethnogenesis until the end of 16th c. when was replaced by the Sarmatian theory. The most important issues of analysis of Vandalian concept include: accurate time of origins, reasons of popularity, final falls of the Vandalian and rises of the Sarmatian theory. Finally, the ways of understanding of ethnicity of alleged ancestors by Polish scholars.