EN
Ever since Aleksander Gardawski described Trzciniec culture (TC) in 1959 it has been known that the group evolved in Central Europe on the background of Late Neolithic and Early Bronze communities (GARDAWSKI 1959: 167-168). He suggested, already then, influences of para-Neolithic groups in the formation of that entity (presently the Linin group (LG) in the case of Masovia). Since then, despite more recent discoveries, the description of Masovian-Podlachian TC group has not been reviewed, nor has its evolution process been reinterpreted. For this reason, the present article should be regarded as a contribution to a discussion of TC origin in Masovia and a role of the LG communities in relation to it. The materials used for the analysis come from sites in Raszyn (munic- ipality Raszyn) and Reguły (municipality Michałowice), both in the Mazowieckie Voivodeship, as at this stage of research they are one of the key resources referring to the subject. In the encampment in Raszyn (MANASTERSKI 2003) there were found remains of a shelter-like housingstructure (Fig. 1) typical of all the para-Neolithic groups of East European forest zone (JÓZWIAK 2003: 225; OSCIBKINA 1996:143, fig. 45:VII; OLSZEWSKI 1987: 7-9). 31 flint and three stone artifacts, together with remains of eight ceramic vessels characteristic of Early TC were discovered inside a stone circle which defined the ground floor of the shelter. Some of the objects displayed features typical of para-Neolithic artifacts. In the case of pottery they were represented by impressions of a variety of stamps (Fig. 2:1-3) while a small triangular arrowhead (Fig. 3:1) and blades represented flint tools. The impressions on the vessels and the arrowhead showed relation to Neman culture and the blades to technology known from the Late Mesolithic. The site in Reguły yielded a cultural layer with re¬mains of an encampment (MANASTERSKI 2005). The pot¬tery found in it was unequivocally related to an early stage of TC. Apart from that, there were post-consumption animal bone remains and 1287 flint objects. The pottery, just like on Raszyn site, showed para-Neolithic component (LG) in the form of stamp impressions, ribbed edges of utensils as well as decorated inside parts (Fig. 2:4-7). The flint artifacts were found together with the pottery, they did not form separate assemblages and displayed features typical of TC as well as older ones - para-Neolithic, showing Mesolithic techniques. That means there were both microlithic single platform blade cores made oferratic and chocolate flint (Fig. 3:2-5) related to Janislavicka culture and triangles and blades (Fig. 3:6-8). The above mentioned materials displaying archaic (para-Neolithic) features in TC are evidence for LG tradition among the inhabitants of encampments in Raszyn and Reguły, and this may possibly be true about other early TC sites in Masovia. The LG pottery has already been described well and consequently it is possible to find the features it has in common with early TC pottery, whereas the lack of systematic description of LG flint work makes it difficult to compare it with local developments of this aspect of economy in TC. That state of affairs is probably due to the manner of examination of flint resources. Flint artifacts are usually separated by means of typological method from LG pottery found in the same context and are usually identified as remains of different communities including Mesolithic groups.